Model of Anti-Stokes Fluorescence Cooling in a Single-Mode Optical Fiber

We report a comprehensive model that quantifies analytically and numerically the heat that can be extracted by anti-Stokes fluorescence (ASF) from a fiber doped with a quasi-two-level laser ion. This model is used to investigate the effects on cooling of all relevant fiber and pump parameters, as we...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of lightwave technology 2018-10, Vol.36 (20), p.4752-4760
Main Authors: Knall, Jennifer M., Esmaeelpour, Mina, Digonnet, M. J. F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorptivity
Anti-Stokes fluorescence
Computer simulation
Cooling
Cooling effects
Design optimization
Dopants
Enthalpy
Fiber lasers
Fluorescence
Heat transfer
Heat treatment
Heating systems
Laser cooling
Mathematical models
Optical fiber amplifiers
Optical fiber sensors
Optical fibers
optical refrigeration
Pump lasers
Quenching
rare-earth doped fibers
Spontaneous emission
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Description
Summary:We report a comprehensive model that quantifies analytically and numerically the heat that can be extracted by anti-Stokes fluorescence (ASF) from a fiber doped with a quasi-two-level laser ion. This model is used to investigate the effects on cooling of all relevant fiber and pump parameters, as well as amplified spontaneous emission. Simulations of a typical Yb-doped ZBLANP single-mode fiber show that for short enough fibers the heat extraction is relatively uniform along the fiber length. There is an optimum pump wavelength and power that maximizes the heat extracted per unit length. At this power, the coolest point is at the fiber input end. At higher powers, the coolest spot moves further down the fiber. The total heat extracted from a fiber, important for payload cooling, depends on the fiber absorptive loss, the pump wavelength, and the pump power. Simple expressions are derived to predict the optimum dopant concentration that maximizes heat extraction and the maximum tolerable absorptive fiber loss above which cooling is unobtainable. In a fiber with negligible residual absorption, the cooling efficiency is predicted to be 3.7%. In the modeled fiber, it is reduced to 1.7% in part by concentration quenching, but mainly due to the fiber absorptive loss (~15 dB/km). Since the total extracted heat increases linearly with core radius and dopant concentration (up to a limit determined by concentration quenching), highly doped multimode fibers are strong candidates for payload cooling. This model can be straightforwardly expanded to design and optimize fiber lasers and amplifiers that utilize ASF for cooling.
ISSN:0733-8724
1558-2213
DOI:10.1109/JLT.2018.2861367