Minimum quench energy measurements on single strands for LHC main magnets

The stability of magnet conductors can be characterized by their minimum quench energies (MQE), i.e. the minimum energy pulse of small extent and short duration needed to initiate a quench. The MQE of a considerable number of prototype strands for the superconducting LHC magnets have been measured a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity 1999-06, Vol.9 (2), p.252-256
Main Authors: Ghosh, A.K., Sampson, W.B., Bauer, P., Oberli, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accelerator magnets
Accelerators
Applied sciences
Cold working, work hardening
annealing, quenching, tempering, recovery, and recrystallization
textures
Collaborative work
Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties
Conductors
Copper
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electromagnets
Energy measurement
Exact sciences and technology
FLUID FLOW
Heat exchange
HELIUM
Large Hadron Collider
MAGNETS
Materials science
MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS
Mathematical models
MEASUREMENT
Metals, alloys and compounds (a15, 001c15, laves phases, chevrel phases, borocarbides, etc.)
Physics
Prototypes
QUENCHING MECHANISMS
Stability
Strands
Superconducting magnets
Superconducting materials (excluding high-tc compounds)
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties
Various equipment and components
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Summary:The stability of magnet conductors can be characterized by their minimum quench energies (MQE), i.e. the minimum energy pulse of small extent and short duration needed to initiate a quench. The MQE of a considerable number of prototype strands for the superconducting LHC magnets have been measured at BNL within the framework of the US-CERN accelerator collaboration. The main interest of this work was to study the effect of different strand designs, copper to superconductor ratios (Cu/Se) and the source of the niobium-titanium alloy on MQE. Although MQE varied significantly between the strands, the measurements revealed that except for Cu/Se ratio, these above stated parameters do not affect MQE in a consistent way. Numerical simulations indicate that these tests made with a restricted helium volume and heat exchange surface were quasi-adiabatic in nature, and hence the influence of the cooling even in superfluid helium was minimal.
ISSN:1051-8223
1558-2515
DOI:10.1109/77.783284