In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Activity of Various Antibiotics Against Clinical Isolates Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae From Belgium Collected During Winter 1998-1999

A total of 205 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained from 10 different centres were included in this study. The susceptibilities to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofl...

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Published in:Acta clinica belgica (English ed. Online) 2000-11, Vol.55 (6), p.312-322
Main Authors: Vanhoof, R., Carpentier, M., Fagnart, O., Garrino, M.-G., Glupczynski, Y., Gordts, B., Govaerts, D., Magerman, K., Mans, Y., Nyssen, H.J., Surmont, I., Schwam, V., Van De Vyvere, M., Van Landuyt, H., Van Nimmen, L., Van Noyen, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Belgium
Child
Child, Preschool
Humans
Infant
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Middle Aged
Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology
Resistance
S. pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae - drug effects
Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification
Surveillance
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Summary:A total of 205 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained from 10 different centres were included in this study. The susceptibilities to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, miocamycin, clindamycin and tetracycline were determined by a microdilution technique following NCCLS recommendations. Decreased susceptibility to penicillin was 16.1% [6.8% intermediate (0.12 - 1μg/ mL) and 9.3% high-level (≥2 μg/mL)], cefotaxime insusceptibility (≥1 ≥g/mL) 12.7 %, ciprofloxacine insusceptibilty (≥2 μg/mL) 15.6 % with 1.5 % of high level resistance (≥4 μg/mL), erythromycin insusceptibility (≥0.5 μg/mL) 36.1 % and tetracycline insusceptibility (≥4 μg/mL) 22.9 %. Decreased susceptibility to cefotaxime was found in 78.8 % of the penicillin-insusceptible isolates. No decreased susceptibility was found for gemifloxacin (≥0.5 μ/mL) and trovafloxacin (≥1 μg/mL). Compared to the 19961997 surveillance, penicillin, cefotaxime and erythromycin insusceptibility rose by 3.8 %, 5.2 % and 5.0% respectively, while tetracycline insusceptibility decreased with 8.2 %. MICs of all β-lactams rose with those of penicillin for penicillin-insusceptible isolates. Amoxicillin ° clavulanate, cefotaxime and imipenem were generally 1,1 and 5 doubling dilutions respectively more potent than penicillin on these isolates. Penicillin, ampicillin and cefuroxime were equally active while cefaclor was generally 5 dilutions less potent. Most penicillin-insusceptible isolates remained fully susceptible to amoxicillin ° clavulanate and imipenem. The penicillin-insusceptible isolates were 36.4 %, 27.3 % and 3.0 % co-insusceptible to erythromycin, erythromycin plus tetracycline and tetracycline respectively. A subpopulation of 52 isolates obtained from children aged ≤ 3 years was also studied. Compared to the other isolates we found a statistically significant increase in insusceptibility for penicillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, erythromycin, clarithromycin and tetracycline while a significant decrease was found for ciprofloxacin.
ISSN:1784-3286
2295-3337
DOI:10.1080/17843286.2000.11754318