Mass mortality in endangered fan mussels Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758) caused by co-infection of Haplosporidium pinnae and multiple Vibrio infection in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey

Pinna nobilis (fan mussel) is one of the most important endemic bivalve molluscs in the Mediterranean and mass mortality events were observed in these mussels in recent years. In this study, we report mass mortalities caused by Haplosporidium pinnae, which has been spreading in the Mediterranean for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomarkers 2021-07, Vol.26 (5), p.450-461
Main Authors: Künili, İbrahim Ender, Ertürk Gürkan, Selin, Aksu, Ata, Turgay, Emre, Çakir, Fikret, Gürkan, Mert, Altinağaç, Uğur
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bivalvia - metabolism
Bivalvia - microbiology
Bivalvia - parasitology
Coinfection
Environmental Monitoring
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - metabolism
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - transmission
Haplosporida - genetics
Haplosporida - pathogenicity
Haplosporidium pinnae
histopathology
Host-Parasite Interactions
mass mortality event
Oxidative Stress
Phylogeny
Pinna nobilis
Protozoan Infections - metabolism
Protozoan Infections - parasitology
Protozoan Infections - transmission
Ribotyping
Vibrio
Vibrio - genetics
Vibrio - pathogenicity
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Summary:Pinna nobilis (fan mussel) is one of the most important endemic bivalve molluscs in the Mediterranean and mass mortality events were observed in these mussels in recent years. In this study, we report mass mortalities caused by Haplosporidium pinnae, which has been spreading in the Mediterranean for 3 years, and reached the Çanakkale Strait, which is the entrance of the Marmara and the Black Sea. Field observations during sampling and subsequent histopathological, biochemical, genetic, and microbiological analyses were carried out. These analyses showed that H. pinnae infection spread among the natural beds of P. nobilis, causing severe tissue damage and oxidative stress. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that the parasite spread through the Mediterranean much faster than thought. The results showed that vibriosis originating from Vibrio coralliilyticus, Vibrio tubiashii, Vibrio mediterranei, and Vibrio hispanicus, acted together with H. pinnae in infected individuals and caused death. It is highly probable that the spread of H. pinnae to the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea may occur earlier than expected, and it was concluded that mass deaths were caused by co-infection with H. pinnae and a geographically specific marine pathogen that can infect P. nobilis populations.
ISSN:1354-750X
1366-5804
DOI:10.1080/1354750X.2021.1910344