Efficacy of soil application of Metarhizium anisopliae and the use of GF-120 spinosad bait spray for suppression of Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango orchards

Field trials were conducted for two seasons in mango orchards at Nthagaiya, Kenya, to evaluate the efficacy of soil inoculation with Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and GF-120 spinosad bait sprays, applied either alone or in combination, for suppression of the invasive fruit fl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biocontrol science and technology 2011-03, Vol.21 (3), p.299-316
Main Authors: Ekesi, S., Maniania, N.K., Mohamed, S.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bactrocera
Bactrocera invadens
Clavicipitaceae
Diptera
GF-120
IPM
Mangifera indica
Metarhizium anisopliae
suppression
Tephritidae
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Summary:Field trials were conducted for two seasons in mango orchards at Nthagaiya, Kenya, to evaluate the efficacy of soil inoculation with Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and GF-120 spinosad bait sprays, applied either alone or in combination, for suppression of the invasive fruit fly, Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae). During the 2006/2007 season, average post-treatment samples showed that B. invadens catches from the control orchards were four times higher than the number of flies captured in the plots receiving M. anisopliae+GF-120. Fruit infestation was 16, 45, 30 and 60% in the M. anisopliae+GF-120, M. anisopliae alone, GF-120 alone and control orchards, respectively. In the 2007/2008 season, average B. invadens post-treatment samples in the control orchards were seven times higher than the treatment with M. anisopliae+GF-120; and fruit infestation was 11, 38, 28, and 52% in the orchards assigned to M. anisopliae+GF-120, M. anisopliae alone, GF-120 alone and control treatments, respectively. Enumeration of conidial densities from soil samples on agar plates showed initial densities of 1.1-2.1×10 5 colony forming units (cfu)/g of dry weight of soil but decreased to 1.0-1.4×10 3 cfu/g at the end of the experimental period. Exposure of laboratory-reared pupariating larvae to soil samples taken from fungus-treated fields showed significant reduction in B. invadens adult emergence (25-36%) compared with the control (80-82%). Our results suggest that the combined use of soil application of M. anisopliae and GF-120 spinosad bait spray is an effective IPM strategy for field suppression of B. invadens on mango.
ISSN:0958-3157
1360-0478
DOI:10.1080/09583157.2010.545871