Adverse effects of textile dyes on antioxidant enzymes and cholinesterase activities in Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon R+)

The effluents from textile dyeing industry are causing water pollution and may transform into more toxic and carcinogenic chemical species by environmental conditions. Therefore systemic toxicity of textile dyes is major health concern. Hence, this study sought to examine the toxic effect of dispers...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug and chemical toxicology (New York, N.Y. 1978) N.Y. 1978), 2022-05, Vol.45 (3), p.1131-1139
Main Authors: Rahimi, Shaista, Singh, Mahendra P., Gupta, Jeena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetyl choline esterase
Animals
Antioxidants
Choline
Cholinesterases
Coloring Agents - toxicity
Disperse black-9 (CAS: 20721-50-0)
Disperse blue-124 (CAS: 61951-51-7
Drosophila larva
Drosophila melanogaster
Esterases
Molecular Docking Simulation
Oregon
Oxidative stress
Sigma
Textiles
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Xanthine oxidase
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Summary:The effluents from textile dyeing industry are causing water pollution and may transform into more toxic and carcinogenic chemical species by environmental conditions. Therefore systemic toxicity of textile dyes is major health concern. Hence, this study sought to examine the toxic effect of disperse textile dyes on important systemic enzymes in the larvae of wild type Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon R + ). Drosophila larvae were fed with corn-sugar-yeast diets containing two disperse dyes, Disperse blue-124 and Disperse black-9 (1, 10 and 100 mg/mL) for 2 days (48 h) and subsequent the enzymatic estimations were carried out using larval homogenate. In silico molecular docking studies were also performed to analyze the binding interaction of these dyes with acetyl choline esterase enzyme. Disperse black 9 shows more strong binding by occupying a groove and forming one hydrogen bond with Tyr465 of acetyl choline esterase enzyme while Disperse blue-124 shows surface binding without forming any hydrogen bond. Drosophila larvae fed on these dyes exhibited a dose-dependent increase in acetyl choline esterase enzymatic activity (1.8 fold increase with Disperse black-9, 100 mg/mL) while 4.4-folds Disperse blue-124, 100 mg/mL). Both Disperse Blue and Disperse Black dyes altered the activities of antioxidant enzymes Catalase (CAT, increased more than 2.5 fold), Superoxide dismutase (SOD, increased more than two folds) and showed a dose-dependent increase in Xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels (more than 3 folds). Therefore both the disperse dyes were found to dysregulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes which may be the underlying mechanism for their toxic effects.
ISSN:0148-0545
1525-6014
DOI:10.1080/01480545.2020.1809671