Mechanical Stress Is Communicated between Different Cell Types to Elicit Matrix Remodeling

Tissue remodeling often reflects alterations in local mechanical conditions and manifests as an integrated response among the different cell types that share, and thus cooperatively manage, an extracellular matrix. Here we examine how two different cell types, one that undergoes the stress and the o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2001-05, Vol.98 (11), p.6180-6185
Main Authors: Swartz, M. A., Tschumperlin, D. J., Kamm, R. D., Drazen, J. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Biological Sciences
Bronchi - cytology
Cell communication
Cell Communication - physiology
Cell Division
Cells
Cells, Cultured
Cellular biology
Coculture techniques
Coculture Techniques - methods
Collagen - biosynthesis
Collagens
Cultured cells
DNA-Binding Proteins - biosynthesis
Early Growth Response Protein 1
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - metabolism
Extracellular Matrix - metabolism
Extracellular Matrix - physiology
Fibroblasts
Fibroblasts - cytology
Fibroblasts - drug effects
Fibroblasts - metabolism
Fibronectins - biosynthesis
Humans
Immediate-Early Proteins
Lung - cytology
Lungs
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - biosynthesis
Mechanical stress
Renovations
Respiratory Mucosa - cytology
Signal Transduction - physiology
Space life sciences
Stress, Mechanical
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - biosynthesis
Transcription Factors - biosynthesis
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Summary:Tissue remodeling often reflects alterations in local mechanical conditions and manifests as an integrated response among the different cell types that share, and thus cooperatively manage, an extracellular matrix. Here we examine how two different cell types, one that undergoes the stress and the other that primarily remodels the matrix, might communicate a mechanical stress by using airway cells as a representative in vitro system. Normal stress is imposed on bronchial epithelial cells in the presence of unstimulated lung fibroblasts. We show that (i) mechanical stress can be communicated from stressed to unstressed cells to elicit a remodeling response, and (ii) the integrated response of two cell types to mechanical stress mimics key features of airway remodeling seen in asthma: namely, an increase in production of fibronectin, collagen types III and V, and matrix metalloproteinase type 9 (MMP-9) (relative to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, TIMP-1). These observations provide a paradigm to use in understanding the management of mechanical forces on the tissue level.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.111133298