Ionogels: recent advances in design, material properties and emerging biomedical applications

Ionic liquid (IL)-based gels (ionogels) have received considerable attention due to their unique advantages in ionic conductivity and their biphasic liquid-solid phase property. In ionogels, the negligibly volatile ionic liquid is retained in the interconnected 3D pore structure. On the basis of the...

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Published in:Chemical Society reviews 2023-04, Vol.52 (7), p.2497-2527
Main Authors: Fan, Xiaotong, Liu, Siqi, Jia, Zhenhua, Koh, J. Justin, Yeo, Jayven Chee Chuan, Wang, Chen-Gang, Surat'man, Nayli Erdeanna, Loh, Xian Jun, Le Bideau, Jean, He, Chaobin, Li, Zibiao, Loh, Teck-Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Bioengineering
Biological properties
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Chemical properties
Chemical Sciences
Electric Conductivity
Gels
Ion currents
Ionic Liquids
Ions
Life Sciences
Material chemistry
Material properties
Materials Science
Solid phases
Wound healing
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Summary:Ionic liquid (IL)-based gels (ionogels) have received considerable attention due to their unique advantages in ionic conductivity and their biphasic liquid-solid phase property. In ionogels, the negligibly volatile ionic liquid is retained in the interconnected 3D pore structure. On the basis of these physical features as well as the chemical properties of well-chosen ILs, there is emerging interest in the anti-bacterial and biocompatibility aspects. In this review, the recent achievements of ionogels for biomedical applications are summarized and discussed. Following a brief introduction of the various types of ILs and their key physicochemical and biological properties, the design strategies and fabrication methods of ionogels are presented by means of different confining networks. These sophisticated ionogels with diverse functions, aimed at biomedical applications, are further classified into several active domains, including wearable strain sensors, therapeutic delivery systems, wound healing and biochemical detections. Finally, the challenges and possible strategies for the design of future ionogels by integrating materials science with a biological interface are proposed. This review describes the most recent developments in materials design and the advanced features of ionogels, as well as their emerging biomedical applications.
ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/d2cs00652a