Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) response to and sorption characteristics of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron

Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron are sulfonylurea herbicides that may persist in the soil and injure sensitive rotational crops such as sugarbeet. Studies were initiated to measure sugarbeet response one and two years after application of 70 and 140 g/ha of nicosulfuron and 40 and 80 g/ha of primisulf...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Weed technology 1995-07, Vol.9 (3), p.484-489
Main Authors: Novosel, K.M. (Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.), Renner, K.A, Kells, J.J, Chomas, A.J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ABIOTIC INJURIES
Acid soils
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Agrology
ARENA
BETA VULGARIS
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical control
CLAY LOAM SOILS
CLAY SOILS
CROP LOSSES
CROP YIELD
EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS
EFFET SECONDAIRE
FITOTOXICIDAD
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
HERBICIDAS
HERBICIDE
HERBICIDES
HISTOSOL
HISTOSOLES
HISTOSOLS
LOAM SOILS
LOSSES
MATERIA ORGANICA DEL SUELO
MATIERE ORGANIQUE DU SOL
MICHIGAN
Mineral soils
MUCK SOILS
NONTARGET EFFECTS
Organic soils
Parasitic plants. Weeds
PERDIDAS
PERDIDAS DE LA COSECHA
PERSISTENCE
PERTE
PERTE DE RECOLTE
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
PHYTOTOXICITE
PHYTOTOXICITY
RENDEMENT
RENDEMENT DES CULTURES
RENDIMIENTO
RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS
RESIDU
RESIDUES
RESIDUOS
ROTACION DE CULTIVOS
ROTATION CULTURALE
ROTATIONAL CROPPING
SABLE
SAND
Sandy clay soils
Sandy loam soils
SANDY SOILS
SIDE EFFECTS
SOIL ORGANIC MATTER
SOL ARGILEUX
SOL SABLEUX
SOL SABLOLIMONEUX
SORCION
SORPTION
SUELO ARCILLOSO
SUELO ARENOSO
SUELO FRANCO
SULFONYLUREA HERBICIDES
TEXTURAL SOIL TYPES
TIPOS TEXTURALES DE SUELOS
TYPE DE SOL TEXTURAL
Weeds
YIELDS
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Summary:Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron are sulfonylurea herbicides that may persist in the soil and injure sensitive rotational crops such as sugarbeet. Studies were initiated to measure sugarbeet response one and two years after application of 70 and 140 g/ha of nicosulfuron and 40 and 80 g/ha of primisulfuron to corn. Nicosulfuron did not injure sugarbeet one or two years after application. In contrast, sugarbeet yield was reduced one year after application of 40 and 80 g/ha of primisulfuron. Injury was visible two years after application of 80 g/ha primisulfuron but this did not cause a yield reduction. In greenhouse studies, the concentration of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron that reduced sugarbeet growth by 50% were determined for six soils. Primisulfuron reduced sugarbeet growth more than nicosulfuron on four of six soils indicating greater potential for sugarbeet injury from primisulfuron. Sugarbeet response was highly correlated with soil organic matter content$({\rm R}^{2}=0.88)$. The sorption coefficients, Kdvalues, for nicosulfuron were 0.30 to 2.58 and the Kdvalues for primisulfuron were 0.76 to 3.47. Primisulfuron Kdvalues were higher than those of nicosulfuron on four of five soils indicating stronger affinity of primisulfuron for soil sorptive sites. The Kdvalues for both herbicides indicate low overall sorption. The greater sugarbeet injury observed in the field from primisulfuron is not due to greater availability of primisulfuron compared to nicosulfuron.
ISSN:0890-037X
1550-2740
DOI:10.1017/s0890037x00023721