Construction of 3D hierarchical honeycomb macro/meso/micro-porous carbon with soft and hard templates for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

•3D hierarchical honeycomb carbon contains abundant macropores, mesopores, micropores.•SiO2 spheres are used as hard template, and diverse boiling bubbles as soft template.•Hierarchical honeycomb carbon shows superior cycling performance and rate capability. 3D hierarchical honeycomb carbon with ple...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Materials letters 2023-03, Vol.334, p.133737, Article 133737
Main Authors:	Chen, Lu, Yuan, Yongfeng, Zhang, Dong, Lin, Zicheng, Lin, Jianjun, Li, Shebing, Guo, Shaoyi
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Anode Carbon materials Energy storage and conversion Sodium ion batteries
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	•3D hierarchical honeycomb carbon contains abundant macropores, mesopores, micropores.•SiO2 spheres are used as hard template, and diverse boiling bubbles as soft template.•Hierarchical honeycomb carbon shows superior cycling performance and rate capability. 3D hierarchical honeycomb carbon with plentiful macropores, mesopores, micropores is constructed with SiO2 nanospheres and microspheres as hard template, diverse boiling bubbles as soft template, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as the assembling agent and carbon source. Hierarchical honeycomb carbon calcined at 1000 ℃ delivers discharge capacity of 146 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 3000 cycles, average discharge capacity of 206 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g and 98 mAh/g at 5 A/g. High reversible capacity, stable cycling performance and good rate capability mainly benefit from the hierarchical honeycomb porous structure with high defects, high porosity and large surface area, demonstrating that it is an outstanding anode material for sodium-ion batteries.
ISSN:	0167-577X 1873-4979