Idiopathic neuropathy, prediabetes and the metabolic syndrome

Peripheral neuropathy is a common problem encountered by neurologists and primary care physicians. While there are many causes for peripheral neuropathy, none can be identified in a large percentage of patients (“idiopathic neuropathy”). Despite its high prevalence, idiopathic neuropathy is poorly s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the neurological sciences 2006-03, Vol.242 (1), p.9-14
Main Authors: Gordon Smith, A., Robinson Singleton, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Complex syndromes
Cranial nerves. Spinal roots. Peripheral nerves. Autonomic nervous system. Gustation. Olfaction
Diabetes
Diabetes Complications
Diabetes Mellitus - diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
Humans
Hyperglycemia - etiology
Hypertension - etiology
Idiopathic
Medical genetics
Medical sciences
Metabolic Diseases - complications
Metabolic Diseases - epidemiology
Metabolic syndrome
Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
Neurology
Obesity - etiology
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases - complications
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases - epidemiology
Peripheral neuropathy
Prediabetes
Prediabetic State - complications
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Summary:Peripheral neuropathy is a common problem encountered by neurologists and primary care physicians. While there are many causes for peripheral neuropathy, none can be identified in a large percentage of patients (“idiopathic neuropathy”). Despite its high prevalence, idiopathic neuropathy is poorly studied and understood. There is evolving evidence that impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes) is associated with idiopathic neuropathy. Preliminary data from a multicenter study of diet and exercise in prediabetes (the Impaired Glucose Tolerance Neuropathy Study) suggests a diet and exercise counseling regimen based on the Diabetes Prevention Program results in improved metabolic measures and small fiber function. Prediabetes is part of the Metabolic Syndrome, which also includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity. Individual aspects of the Metabolic Syndrome influence risk and progression of diabetic neuropathy and may play a causative role in neuropathy both for those with prediabetes, and those with otherwise idiopathic neuropathy. Thus, a multifactorial treatment approach to individual components of Metabolic Syndrome may slow prediabetic neuropathy progression or result in improvement.
ISSN:0022-510X
1878-5883
DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2005.11.020