Synthesis of Potassium-Modified Graphene and Its Application in Nitrite-Selective Sensing

Chemical modification with foreign atoms is a leading strategy to intrinsically modify the properties of host materials. Among them, potassium (K) modification plays a critical role in adjusting the electronic properties of carbon materials. Graphene, a true 2D carbon material, has shown fascinating...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced functional materials 2012-05, Vol.22 (9), p.1981-1988
Main Authors: Li, Xiao-Rong, Kong, Fen-Ying, Liu, Jing, Liang, Tong-Ming, Xu, Jing-Juan, Chen, Hong-Yuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
cancer cells
graphene
nitrite
potassium
sensing
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Summary:Chemical modification with foreign atoms is a leading strategy to intrinsically modify the properties of host materials. Among them, potassium (K) modification plays a critical role in adjusting the electronic properties of carbon materials. Graphene, a true 2D carbon material, has shown fascinating applications in electrochemical sensing and biosensing. In this work, a facile and mild strategy to K‐modifying in graphene at room‐temperature is reported for the first time. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectra, and cyclic voltammetry are used to characterize this K‐modified graphene. The K‐modified graphene is capable of acting as an electron transfer medium and more efficiently promotes charge transfer than unmodified graphene. A highly sensitive and stable amperometric sensor based on its excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of NO2− is proposed. The sensor shows a linear range from 0.5 μM to 7.8 mM with a detection limit of 0.2 μM at a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3. The modified electrode has excellent analytical performance and can be successfully applied in the determination of NO2− released from liver cancer and leukemia cells and shows good application potential in biological systems. A facile and mild strategy to synthesize K‐modified graphene using the room‐temperature chemical modification of K in the graphene is demonstrated. The as‐prepared K‐modified graphene, used as an advanced electrode material, exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of NO2− and is successfully applied in the determination of NO2− in vitro and from cancer cells.
ISSN:1616-301X
1616-3028
DOI:10.1002/adfm.201103025