A tuberculosis outbreak at an insecure, temporary housing facility, manga café, Tokyo, Japan, 2016-2017

In November 2016, a woman in her 30s who stayed at an insecure, temporary housing facility, a manga café in Tokyo, Japan, for a year was diagnosed with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis (TB). Since the café had 31 staff members and provided with accommodation to many people, the local health office...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Epidemiology and infection 2019-01, Vol.147, p.e222-e222, Article e222
Main Authors:	Endo, M, Ota, M, Kayebeta, A, Takahashi, I, Nagata, Y
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adult Cohort Studies Communicable Disease Control - methods Contact Tracing - methods Contact Tracing - statistics & numerical data Customers Disease Outbreaks - statistics & numerical data Epidemics Female Health surveillance Homeless people Housing Humans Infections Interferon Japan - epidemiology Male Manga Medical imaging Mental disorders Middle Aged Minisatellite Repeats - genetics Mortality Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification Original Paper Outbreaks Population Poverty Prevalence Public health Public Housing - trends Refugees Retrospective Studies Risk Assessment Smear Social Class Sputum Sputum - microbiology Systematic review Temporary housing Tokyo Tuberculosis Tuberculosis - diagnosis Tuberculosis - epidemiology Urban Population Young Adult γ-Interferon
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Summary:	In November 2016, a woman in her 30s who stayed at an insecure, temporary housing facility, a manga café in Tokyo, Japan, for a year was diagnosed with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis (TB). Since the café had 31 staff members and provided with accommodation to many people, the local health office initiated a contact investigation. This study aims to characterise the cases found in the outbreak. A TB case was defined as a person tested bacteriologically positive for TB, or was determined to have TB by a physician. A latent TB infection case was defined as a person tested positive by interferon-γ release assay. From January 2016 through November 2017, there were 31 staff members at the manga café, of which, six developed TB disease (one smear-negative, culture-positive and five smear- and culture-negative) in addition to seven LTBI. Another long-term customer was found having sputum smear-positive TB. Variable numbers tandem repeat (VNTR) test revealed that the index patient and the long-term customer had the identical type of VNTR; however, one staff member had a different VNTR. Local health authorities should intensify screening long-term customers of such facilities for TB regularly as well as once a TB outbreak occurs.
ISSN:	0950-2688 1469-4409