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Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19
Background The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks...
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| Published in: | Environmental sciences Europe 2021, Vol.33 (1), p.79-79, Article 79 |
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| container_end_page | 79 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 79 |
| container_title | Environmental sciences Europe |
| container_volume | 33 |
| creator | Choi, KeunOh Sim, Seunghye Choi, Junyeong Park, Choa Uhm, Yoonhee Lim, Eunkyung Kim, Augustine Yonghwi Yoo, Seong Joon Lee, YoungJoo |
| description | Background
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks are recommended as the first line of protection against COVID-19. Encouraging hand hygiene may be one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the global burden of disease.
Methods
This study uses a web-based questionnaire to evaluate the usage patterns and consumer perceptions of the effectiveness and health safety of bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer products before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Results
The results show that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of consumers who primarily use bar soap has decreased from 71.8 to 51.4%, the number of those who primarily use liquid hand soap has increased from 23.5 to 41.3%, and the number of those who use and carry hand sanitizer has increased. The frequency of use, duration of use, and amount used of all three products have increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, consumer perception of the products’ preventive effect against COVID-19 is higher for liquid hand soap and hand sanitizer than it is for bar soap.
Conclusions
Because use of hand sanitizers has increased, public health guidelines must address the potential risks associated them. Our data also show that the public is abiding by the recommendations of the regulatory authorities. As handwashing has become important in preventing COVID-19 infections, the results of our study will support the development of better handwashing guidelines and a public health campaign.
Highlights
Handwashing habits were evaluated before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Handwashing habits increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak.
Handwashing guidelines and campaigns be developed informing the potential risks. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12302-021-00517-8 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8254429</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2548029812</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3c756c8d40e67b9238139b0797b4987b65a005719d6b19622e3fc29df7db31f13</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9UcluFDEQtVAQiYb8QA6RpVxyafDati9IaNgiIuUCuVp2t3sJPfbE7gbl7ylmwgQ44EuV9Zaq0kPojJJXlOr6daGME1YRRitCJFWVfoZOGDWkEorKo0NP1DE6LeWOwJNMKyFfoGMumDDSsBM0rQcX-1DwGDF07Q9XhjH2GFo8PPRjiAFvc2qXZsZLcT383DyHHHeKzykHh33ooO4krgMMz0PAaZk9gN9w6vD65vbqXUXNS_S8c1MJp491hb5-eP9l_am6vvl4tX57XTVCibnijZJ1o1tBQq28YVxTbjxRRnlhtPK1dHCLoqatPTU1Y4F3DTNtp1rPaUf5Cr3Z-24XvwltE-Kc3WS3edy4_GCTG-3fSBwH26fvVjMpBDNgcPlokNP9EspsN2NpwjS5GNJSLJOS1Bw2kEC9-Id6l5Yc4TxgCU2Y0ZDUCrE9q8mplBy6wzKU2F952n2eFvK0uzytBtH5n2ccJL_TAwLfEwpAkGJ-mv0f259pUKoa</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2548029812</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19</title><source>Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access </source><creator>Choi, KeunOh ; Sim, Seunghye ; Choi, Junyeong ; Park, Choa ; Uhm, Yoonhee ; Lim, Eunkyung ; Kim, Augustine Yonghwi ; Yoo, Seong Joon ; Lee, YoungJoo</creator><creatorcontrib>Choi, KeunOh ; Sim, Seunghye ; Choi, Junyeong ; Park, Choa ; Uhm, Yoonhee ; Lim, Eunkyung ; Kim, Augustine Yonghwi ; Yoo, Seong Joon ; Lee, YoungJoo</creatorcontrib><description>Background
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks are recommended as the first line of protection against COVID-19. Encouraging hand hygiene may be one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the global burden of disease.
Methods
This study uses a web-based questionnaire to evaluate the usage patterns and consumer perceptions of the effectiveness and health safety of bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer products before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Results
The results show that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of consumers who primarily use bar soap has decreased from 71.8 to 51.4%, the number of those who primarily use liquid hand soap has increased from 23.5 to 41.3%, and the number of those who use and carry hand sanitizer has increased. The frequency of use, duration of use, and amount used of all three products have increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, consumer perception of the products’ preventive effect against COVID-19 is higher for liquid hand soap and hand sanitizer than it is for bar soap.
Conclusions
Because use of hand sanitizers has increased, public health guidelines must address the potential risks associated them. Our data also show that the public is abiding by the recommendations of the regulatory authorities. As handwashing has become important in preventing COVID-19 infections, the results of our study will support the development of better handwashing guidelines and a public health campaign.
Highlights
Handwashing habits were evaluated before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Handwashing habits increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak.
Handwashing guidelines and campaigns be developed informing the potential risks.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2190-4707</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2190-4715</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12302-021-00517-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34249592</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Disease control ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Guidelines ; Hygiene ; Outbreaks ; Pandemics ; Personal hygiene ; Pollution ; Product safety ; Public health ; Regulatory agencies ; Respiratory diseases ; Sanitizers ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Soaps ; Use statistics ; Viral diseases</subject><ispartof>Environmental sciences Europe, 2021, Vol.33 (1), p.79-79, Article 79</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3c756c8d40e67b9238139b0797b4987b65a005719d6b19622e3fc29df7db31f13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3c756c8d40e67b9238139b0797b4987b65a005719d6b19622e3fc29df7db31f13</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7835-1546</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,315,786,790,891,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34249592$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Choi, KeunOh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sim, Seunghye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Junyeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Choa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uhm, Yoonhee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Eunkyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Augustine Yonghwi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoo, Seong Joon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, YoungJoo</creatorcontrib><title>Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19</title><title>Environmental sciences Europe</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Eur</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Eur</addtitle><description>Background
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks are recommended as the first line of protection against COVID-19. Encouraging hand hygiene may be one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the global burden of disease.
Methods
This study uses a web-based questionnaire to evaluate the usage patterns and consumer perceptions of the effectiveness and health safety of bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer products before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Results
The results show that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of consumers who primarily use bar soap has decreased from 71.8 to 51.4%, the number of those who primarily use liquid hand soap has increased from 23.5 to 41.3%, and the number of those who use and carry hand sanitizer has increased. The frequency of use, duration of use, and amount used of all three products have increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, consumer perception of the products’ preventive effect against COVID-19 is higher for liquid hand soap and hand sanitizer than it is for bar soap.
Conclusions
Because use of hand sanitizers has increased, public health guidelines must address the potential risks associated them. Our data also show that the public is abiding by the recommendations of the regulatory authorities. As handwashing has become important in preventing COVID-19 infections, the results of our study will support the development of better handwashing guidelines and a public health campaign.
Highlights
Handwashing habits were evaluated before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Handwashing habits increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak.
Handwashing guidelines and campaigns be developed informing the potential risks.</description><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Guidelines</subject><subject>Hygiene</subject><subject>Outbreaks</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Personal hygiene</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Product safety</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Regulatory agencies</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Sanitizers</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Soaps</subject><subject>Use statistics</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><issn>2190-4707</issn><issn>2190-4715</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UcluFDEQtVAQiYb8QA6RpVxyafDati9IaNgiIuUCuVp2t3sJPfbE7gbl7ylmwgQ44EuV9Zaq0kPojJJXlOr6daGME1YRRitCJFWVfoZOGDWkEorKo0NP1DE6LeWOwJNMKyFfoGMumDDSsBM0rQcX-1DwGDF07Q9XhjH2GFo8PPRjiAFvc2qXZsZLcT383DyHHHeKzykHh33ooO4krgMMz0PAaZk9gN9w6vD65vbqXUXNS_S8c1MJp491hb5-eP9l_am6vvl4tX57XTVCibnijZJ1o1tBQq28YVxTbjxRRnlhtPK1dHCLoqatPTU1Y4F3DTNtp1rPaUf5Cr3Z-24XvwltE-Kc3WS3edy4_GCTG-3fSBwH26fvVjMpBDNgcPlokNP9EspsN2NpwjS5GNJSLJOS1Bw2kEC9-Id6l5Yc4TxgCU2Y0ZDUCrE9q8mplBy6wzKU2F952n2eFvK0uzytBtH5n2ccJL_TAwLfEwpAkGJ-mv0f259pUKoa</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Choi, KeunOh</creator><creator>Sim, Seunghye</creator><creator>Choi, Junyeong</creator><creator>Park, Choa</creator><creator>Uhm, Yoonhee</creator><creator>Lim, Eunkyung</creator><creator>Kim, Augustine Yonghwi</creator><creator>Yoo, Seong Joon</creator><creator>Lee, YoungJoo</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-1546</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19</title><author>Choi, KeunOh ; Sim, Seunghye ; Choi, Junyeong ; Park, Choa ; Uhm, Yoonhee ; Lim, Eunkyung ; Kim, Augustine Yonghwi ; Yoo, Seong Joon ; Lee, YoungJoo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3c756c8d40e67b9238139b0797b4987b65a005719d6b19622e3fc29df7db31f13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Guidelines</topic><topic>Hygiene</topic><topic>Outbreaks</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Personal hygiene</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Product safety</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Regulatory agencies</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Sanitizers</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Soaps</topic><topic>Use statistics</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Choi, KeunOh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sim, Seunghye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Junyeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Choa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uhm, Yoonhee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Eunkyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Augustine Yonghwi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoo, Seong Joon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, YoungJoo</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Environmental sciences Europe</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Choi, KeunOh</au><au>Sim, Seunghye</au><au>Choi, Junyeong</au><au>Park, Choa</au><au>Uhm, Yoonhee</au><au>Lim, Eunkyung</au><au>Kim, Augustine Yonghwi</au><au>Yoo, Seong Joon</au><au>Lee, YoungJoo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19</atitle><jtitle>Environmental sciences Europe</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Eur</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Eur</addtitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>79</spage><epage>79</epage><pages>79-79</pages><artnum>79</artnum><issn>2190-4707</issn><eissn>2190-4715</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>Background
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks are recommended as the first line of protection against COVID-19. Encouraging hand hygiene may be one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the global burden of disease.
Methods
This study uses a web-based questionnaire to evaluate the usage patterns and consumer perceptions of the effectiveness and health safety of bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer products before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Results
The results show that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of consumers who primarily use bar soap has decreased from 71.8 to 51.4%, the number of those who primarily use liquid hand soap has increased from 23.5 to 41.3%, and the number of those who use and carry hand sanitizer has increased. The frequency of use, duration of use, and amount used of all three products have increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, consumer perception of the products’ preventive effect against COVID-19 is higher for liquid hand soap and hand sanitizer than it is for bar soap.
Conclusions
Because use of hand sanitizers has increased, public health guidelines must address the potential risks associated them. Our data also show that the public is abiding by the recommendations of the regulatory authorities. As handwashing has become important in preventing COVID-19 infections, the results of our study will support the development of better handwashing guidelines and a public health campaign.
Highlights
Handwashing habits were evaluated before and after the spread of COVID-19.
Handwashing habits increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak.
Handwashing guidelines and campaigns be developed informing the potential risks.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>34249592</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12302-021-00517-8</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-1546</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental sciences Europe, 2021, Vol.33 (1), p.79-79, Article 79 |
| issn | 2190-4707 2190-4715 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8254429 |
| source | Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access |
| subjects | Coronaviruses COVID-19 Disease control Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Guidelines Hygiene Outbreaks Pandemics Personal hygiene Pollution Product safety Public health Regulatory agencies Respiratory diseases Sanitizers Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Soaps Use statistics Viral diseases |
| title | Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 |
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