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Neural reactivation links unconscious thought to decision-making performance
Brief periods of unconscious thought (UT) have been shown to improve decision making compared with making an immediate decision (ID). We reveal a neural mechanism for UT in decision making using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants (N = 33) encoded...
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Published in: | Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 2013-12, Vol.8 (8), p.863-869 |
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container_title | Social cognitive and affective neuroscience |
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creator | Creswell, John David Bursley, James K Satpute, Ajay B |
description | Brief periods of unconscious thought (UT) have been shown to improve decision making compared with making an immediate decision (ID). We reveal a neural mechanism for UT in decision making using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants (N = 33) encoded information on a set of consumer products (e.g. 48 attributes describing four different cars), and we manipulated whether participants (i) consciously thought about this information (conscious thought), (ii) completed a difficult 2-back working memory task (UT) or (iii) made an immediate decision about the consumer products (ID) in a within-subjects blocked design. To differentiate UT neural activity from 2-back working memory neural activity, participants completed an independent 2-back task and this neural activity was subtracted from neural activity occurring during the UT 2-back task. Consistent with a neural reactivation account, we found that the same regions activated during the encoding of complex decision information (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left intermediate visual cortex) continued to be activated during a subsequent 2-min UT period. Moreover, neural reactivation in these regions was predictive of subsequent behavioral decision-making performance after the UT period. These results provide initial evidence for post-encoding unconscious neural reactivation in facilitating decision making. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/scan/nst004 |
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We reveal a neural mechanism for UT in decision making using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants (N = 33) encoded information on a set of consumer products (e.g. 48 attributes describing four different cars), and we manipulated whether participants (i) consciously thought about this information (conscious thought), (ii) completed a difficult 2-back working memory task (UT) or (iii) made an immediate decision about the consumer products (ID) in a within-subjects blocked design. To differentiate UT neural activity from 2-back working memory neural activity, participants completed an independent 2-back task and this neural activity was subtracted from neural activity occurring during the UT 2-back task. Consistent with a neural reactivation account, we found that the same regions activated during the encoding of complex decision information (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left intermediate visual cortex) continued to be activated during a subsequent 2-min UT period. Moreover, neural reactivation in these regions was predictive of subsequent behavioral decision-making performance after the UT period. These results provide initial evidence for post-encoding unconscious neural reactivation in facilitating decision making.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1749-5016</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1749-5024</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/scan/nst004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23314012</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Behavior - physiology ; Consciousness ; Decision Making - physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Male ; Memory, Short-Term - physiology ; Original ; Prefrontal Cortex - physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 2013-12, Vol.8 (8), p.863-869</ispartof><rights>The Author (2013). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-b691f613de064a76f3797131aaccb2440959e642ead43e54200777c2b4cf329c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-b691f613de064a76f3797131aaccb2440959e642ead43e54200777c2b4cf329c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3831563/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3831563/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,733,786,790,891,27957,27958,53827,53829</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23314012$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Creswell, John David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bursley, James K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Satpute, Ajay B</creatorcontrib><title>Neural reactivation links unconscious thought to decision-making performance</title><title>Social cognitive and affective neuroscience</title><addtitle>Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci</addtitle><description>Brief periods of unconscious thought (UT) have been shown to improve decision making compared with making an immediate decision (ID). We reveal a neural mechanism for UT in decision making using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants (N = 33) encoded information on a set of consumer products (e.g. 48 attributes describing four different cars), and we manipulated whether participants (i) consciously thought about this information (conscious thought), (ii) completed a difficult 2-back working memory task (UT) or (iii) made an immediate decision about the consumer products (ID) in a within-subjects blocked design. To differentiate UT neural activity from 2-back working memory neural activity, participants completed an independent 2-back task and this neural activity was subtracted from neural activity occurring during the UT 2-back task. Consistent with a neural reactivation account, we found that the same regions activated during the encoding of complex decision information (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left intermediate visual cortex) continued to be activated during a subsequent 2-min UT period. Moreover, neural reactivation in these regions was predictive of subsequent behavioral decision-making performance after the UT period. These results provide initial evidence for post-encoding unconscious neural reactivation in facilitating decision making.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Behavior - physiology</subject><subject>Consciousness</subject><subject>Decision Making - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Memory, Short-Term - physiology</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Prefrontal Cortex - physiology</subject><subject>Task Performance and Analysis</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1749-5016</issn><issn>1749-5024</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUtLAzEURoMoVqsr9zJLQcbmPZONIMUXFN3oOmQymTZ2JqlJpuC_d0pr0ZWre-EePu7HAeACwRsEBZlErdzExQQhPQAnqKAiZxDTw_2O-AicxvgBIRMUkmMwwoQgChE-AbMX0wfVZsEonexaJetd1lq3jFnvtHdRW9_HLC18P1-kLPmsNtrGgco7tbRunq1MaHzolNPmDBw1qo3mfDfH4P3h_m36lM9eH5-nd7Nc0xKmvOICNRyR2kBOVcEbUogCEaSU1hWmFAomDKfYqJoSwyiGsCgKjSuqG4KFJmNwu81d9VVnam1cGjrIVbCdCl_SKyv_XpxdyLlfS1ISxDgZAq52AcF_9iYm2dmoTdsqZ4a6EjGGOC5xKf5HKROiIJygAb3eojr4GINp9h8hKDeq5EaV3Koa6MvfJfbsjxvyDTIPkg0</recordid><startdate>20131201</startdate><enddate>20131201</enddate><creator>Creswell, John David</creator><creator>Bursley, James K</creator><creator>Satpute, Ajay B</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131201</creationdate><title>Neural reactivation links unconscious thought to decision-making performance</title><author>Creswell, John David ; Bursley, James K ; Satpute, Ajay B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-b691f613de064a76f3797131aaccb2440959e642ead43e54200777c2b4cf329c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Behavior - physiology</topic><topic>Consciousness</topic><topic>Decision Making - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Memory, Short-Term - physiology</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Prefrontal Cortex - physiology</topic><topic>Task Performance and Analysis</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Creswell, John David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bursley, James K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Satpute, Ajay B</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Social cognitive and affective neuroscience</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Creswell, John David</au><au>Bursley, James K</au><au>Satpute, Ajay B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neural reactivation links unconscious thought to decision-making performance</atitle><jtitle>Social cognitive and affective neuroscience</jtitle><addtitle>Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci</addtitle><date>2013-12-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>863</spage><epage>869</epage><pages>863-869</pages><issn>1749-5016</issn><eissn>1749-5024</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><notes>ObjectType-Article-2</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-1</notes><abstract>Brief periods of unconscious thought (UT) have been shown to improve decision making compared with making an immediate decision (ID). We reveal a neural mechanism for UT in decision making using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants (N = 33) encoded information on a set of consumer products (e.g. 48 attributes describing four different cars), and we manipulated whether participants (i) consciously thought about this information (conscious thought), (ii) completed a difficult 2-back working memory task (UT) or (iii) made an immediate decision about the consumer products (ID) in a within-subjects blocked design. To differentiate UT neural activity from 2-back working memory neural activity, participants completed an independent 2-back task and this neural activity was subtracted from neural activity occurring during the UT 2-back task. Consistent with a neural reactivation account, we found that the same regions activated during the encoding of complex decision information (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left intermediate visual cortex) continued to be activated during a subsequent 2-min UT period. Moreover, neural reactivation in these regions was predictive of subsequent behavioral decision-making performance after the UT period. These results provide initial evidence for post-encoding unconscious neural reactivation in facilitating decision making.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>23314012</pmid><doi>10.1093/scan/nst004</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Behavior - physiology Consciousness Decision Making - physiology Female Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Male Memory, Short-Term - physiology Original Prefrontal Cortex - physiology Task Performance and Analysis Young Adult |
title | Neural reactivation links unconscious thought to decision-making performance |
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