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Distraction and pedestrian safety: How talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music impact crossing the street
► Talking, texting, or listening to music may impact college student pedestrian safety. ► 138 students randomly assigned to cross a virtual street undistracted or distracted. ► Music or texting distraction caused greater likelihood of collision with vehicles. ► All distracted individuals looked away...
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| Published in: | Accident analysis and prevention 2012-03, Vol.45 (2), p.266-271 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c610t-4df43476e3dea5c50ae573a54a827d4b8fd6e5b3ad98f2ce30c8f60475ed7c953 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c610t-4df43476e3dea5c50ae573a54a827d4b8fd6e5b3ad98f2ce30c8f60475ed7c953 |
| container_end_page | 271 |
| container_issue | 2 |
| container_start_page | 266 |
| container_title | Accident analysis and prevention |
| container_volume | 45 |
| creator | Schwebel, David C. Stavrinos, Despina Byington, Katherine W. Davis, Tiffany O’Neal, Elizabeth E. de Jong, Desiree |
| description | ► Talking, texting, or listening to music may impact college student pedestrian safety. ► 138 students randomly assigned to cross a virtual street undistracted or distracted. ► Music or texting distraction caused greater likelihood of collision with vehicles. ► All distracted individuals looked away from the street environment more often. ► Multimedia device distraction has small but meaningful impact on pedestrian safety.
As use of handheld multimedia devices has exploded globally, safety experts have begun to consider the impact of distraction while talking, text-messaging, or listening to music on traffic safety. This study was designed to test how talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music may influence pedestrian safety. 138 college students crossed an interactive, semi-immersive virtual pedestrian street. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups: crossing while talking on the phone, crossing while texting, crossing while listening to a personal music device, or crossing while undistracted. Participants distracted by music or texting were more likely to be hit by a vehicle in the virtual pedestrian environment than were undistracted participants. Participants in all three distracted groups were more likely to look away from the street environment (and look toward other places, such as their telephone or music device) than were undistracted participants. Findings were maintained after controlling for demographics, walking frequency, and media use frequency. Distraction from multimedia devices has a small but meaningful impact on college students’ pedestrian safety. Future research should consider the cognitive demands of pedestrian safety, and how those processes may be impacted by distraction. Policymakers might consider ways to protect distracted pedestrians from harm and to reduce the number of individuals crossing streets while distracted. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.aap.2011.07.011 |
| format | article |
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As use of handheld multimedia devices has exploded globally, safety experts have begun to consider the impact of distraction while talking, text-messaging, or listening to music on traffic safety. This study was designed to test how talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music may influence pedestrian safety. 138 college students crossed an interactive, semi-immersive virtual pedestrian street. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups: crossing while talking on the phone, crossing while texting, crossing while listening to a personal music device, or crossing while undistracted. Participants distracted by music or texting were more likely to be hit by a vehicle in the virtual pedestrian environment than were undistracted participants. Participants in all three distracted groups were more likely to look away from the street environment (and look toward other places, such as their telephone or music device) than were undistracted participants. Findings were maintained after controlling for demographics, walking frequency, and media use frequency. Distraction from multimedia devices has a small but meaningful impact on college students’ pedestrian safety. Future research should consider the cognitive demands of pedestrian safety, and how those processes may be impacted by distraction. Policymakers might consider ways to protect distracted pedestrians from harm and to reduce the number of individuals crossing streets while distracted.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0001-4575</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2057</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.07.011</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22269509</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Attention ; Causality ; Cell Phone - statistics & numerical data ; Computer Simulation ; Devices ; Distraction ; Female ; Humans ; Injury ; Male ; Music ; Pedestrian safety ; Pedestrians ; Phone ; Risk ; Safety ; Street-crossing ; Streets ; Students - statistics & numerical data ; Talking ; Telephones ; Text Messaging - statistics & numerical data ; Text-messaging ; Texting ; Traffic safety ; User-Computer Interface ; Walking - injuries ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Accident analysis and prevention, 2012-03, Vol.45 (2), p.266-271</ispartof><rights>2011 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c610t-4df43476e3dea5c50ae573a54a827d4b8fd6e5b3ad98f2ce30c8f60475ed7c953</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c610t-4df43476e3dea5c50ae573a54a827d4b8fd6e5b3ad98f2ce30c8f60475ed7c953</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,315,786,790,891,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22269509$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schwebel, David C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stavrinos, Despina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byington, Katherine W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Tiffany</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Neal, Elizabeth E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Jong, Desiree</creatorcontrib><title>Distraction and pedestrian safety: How talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music impact crossing the street</title><title>Accident analysis and prevention</title><addtitle>Accid Anal Prev</addtitle><description>► Talking, texting, or listening to music may impact college student pedestrian safety. ► 138 students randomly assigned to cross a virtual street undistracted or distracted. ► Music or texting distraction caused greater likelihood of collision with vehicles. ► All distracted individuals looked away from the street environment more often. ► Multimedia device distraction has small but meaningful impact on pedestrian safety.
As use of handheld multimedia devices has exploded globally, safety experts have begun to consider the impact of distraction while talking, text-messaging, or listening to music on traffic safety. This study was designed to test how talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music may influence pedestrian safety. 138 college students crossed an interactive, semi-immersive virtual pedestrian street. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups: crossing while talking on the phone, crossing while texting, crossing while listening to a personal music device, or crossing while undistracted. Participants distracted by music or texting were more likely to be hit by a vehicle in the virtual pedestrian environment than were undistracted participants. Participants in all three distracted groups were more likely to look away from the street environment (and look toward other places, such as their telephone or music device) than were undistracted participants. Findings were maintained after controlling for demographics, walking frequency, and media use frequency. Distraction from multimedia devices has a small but meaningful impact on college students’ pedestrian safety. Future research should consider the cognitive demands of pedestrian safety, and how those processes may be impacted by distraction. Policymakers might consider ways to protect distracted pedestrians from harm and to reduce the number of individuals crossing streets while distracted.</description><subject>Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Causality</subject><subject>Cell Phone - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Devices</subject><subject>Distraction</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injury</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Music</subject><subject>Pedestrian safety</subject><subject>Pedestrians</subject><subject>Phone</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Safety</subject><subject>Street-crossing</subject><subject>Streets</subject><subject>Students - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Talking</subject><subject>Telephones</subject><subject>Text Messaging - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Text-messaging</subject><subject>Texting</subject><subject>Traffic safety</subject><subject>User-Computer Interface</subject><subject>Walking - injuries</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0001-4575</issn><issn>1879-2057</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkktv1DAQgC0EotvCD-CCfKOHJrUdPxKQkKryaKVKXOBsee1J10tih9jbx7_Hu1squFScRvZ888kzHoTeUFJTQuXpujZmqhmhtCaqLuEZWtBWdRUjQj1HC0IIrbhQ4gAdprQuR9Uq8RIdMMZkJ0i3QLeffMqzsdnHgE1weAIH5cabgJPpId-_xxfxFmcz_PThGhcqrwBPqxjgBGe4y-X2ZFc5FBOELZQjHjfJW-zHqaixnWNKu0QpLXKA_Aq96M2Q4PVDPEI_vnz-fn5RXX37enl-dlVZSUmuuOt5w5WExoERVhADQjVGcNMy5fiy7Z0EsWyM69qeWWiIbXtJuBLglO1Ec4Q-7r3TZjmCsxBKt4OeZj-a-V5H4_W_meBX-jre6IZJKehW8O5BMMdfmzIaPfpkYRhMgLhJuqOqFZy1qpDHT5K0-JpOSkb-A20EoZxzVlC6R3dDnKF_fDslersFeq3LFujtFmiidAml5u3fTT9W_Pn2AnzYA1BGf-Nh1sl6CBacn8Fm7aJ_Qv8bT_rEyQ</recordid><startdate>20120301</startdate><enddate>20120301</enddate><creator>Schwebel, David C.</creator><creator>Stavrinos, Despina</creator><creator>Byington, Katherine W.</creator><creator>Davis, Tiffany</creator><creator>O’Neal, Elizabeth E.</creator><creator>de Jong, Desiree</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120301</creationdate><title>Distraction and pedestrian safety: How talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music impact crossing the street</title><author>Schwebel, David C. ; Stavrinos, Despina ; Byington, Katherine W. ; Davis, Tiffany ; O’Neal, Elizabeth E. ; de Jong, Desiree</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c610t-4df43476e3dea5c50ae573a54a827d4b8fd6e5b3ad98f2ce30c8f60475ed7c953</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Causality</topic><topic>Cell Phone - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Devices</topic><topic>Distraction</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Injury</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Music</topic><topic>Pedestrian safety</topic><topic>Pedestrians</topic><topic>Phone</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Safety</topic><topic>Street-crossing</topic><topic>Streets</topic><topic>Students - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Talking</topic><topic>Telephones</topic><topic>Text Messaging - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Text-messaging</topic><topic>Texting</topic><topic>Traffic safety</topic><topic>User-Computer Interface</topic><topic>Walking - injuries</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Schwebel, David C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stavrinos, Despina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byington, Katherine W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Tiffany</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Neal, Elizabeth E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Jong, Desiree</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Accident analysis and prevention</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schwebel, David C.</au><au>Stavrinos, Despina</au><au>Byington, Katherine W.</au><au>Davis, Tiffany</au><au>O’Neal, Elizabeth E.</au><au>de Jong, Desiree</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Distraction and pedestrian safety: How talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music impact crossing the street</atitle><jtitle>Accident analysis and prevention</jtitle><addtitle>Accid Anal Prev</addtitle><date>2012-03-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>266</spage><epage>271</epage><pages>266-271</pages><issn>0001-4575</issn><eissn>1879-2057</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><notes>ObjectType-News-2</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-3</notes><abstract>► Talking, texting, or listening to music may impact college student pedestrian safety. ► 138 students randomly assigned to cross a virtual street undistracted or distracted. ► Music or texting distraction caused greater likelihood of collision with vehicles. ► All distracted individuals looked away from the street environment more often. ► Multimedia device distraction has small but meaningful impact on pedestrian safety.
As use of handheld multimedia devices has exploded globally, safety experts have begun to consider the impact of distraction while talking, text-messaging, or listening to music on traffic safety. This study was designed to test how talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music may influence pedestrian safety. 138 college students crossed an interactive, semi-immersive virtual pedestrian street. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups: crossing while talking on the phone, crossing while texting, crossing while listening to a personal music device, or crossing while undistracted. Participants distracted by music or texting were more likely to be hit by a vehicle in the virtual pedestrian environment than were undistracted participants. Participants in all three distracted groups were more likely to look away from the street environment (and look toward other places, such as their telephone or music device) than were undistracted participants. Findings were maintained after controlling for demographics, walking frequency, and media use frequency. Distraction from multimedia devices has a small but meaningful impact on college students’ pedestrian safety. Future research should consider the cognitive demands of pedestrian safety, and how those processes may be impacted by distraction. Policymakers might consider ways to protect distracted pedestrians from harm and to reduce the number of individuals crossing streets while distracted.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>22269509</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.aap.2011.07.011</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Accident analysis and prevention, 2012-03, Vol.45 (2), p.266-271 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024 |
| subjects | Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data Adolescent Adult Attention Causality Cell Phone - statistics & numerical data Computer Simulation Devices Distraction Female Humans Injury Male Music Pedestrian safety Pedestrians Phone Risk Safety Street-crossing Streets Students - statistics & numerical data Talking Telephones Text Messaging - statistics & numerical data Text-messaging Texting Traffic safety User-Computer Interface Walking - injuries Young Adult |
| title | Distraction and pedestrian safety: How talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music impact crossing the street |
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