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Amylolytic activities in cereal seeds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
An adequate carbohydrate supply contributes to the survival of seeds under conditions of limited oxygen availability. The amount of soluble, readily fermentable carbohydrates in dry cereal seeds is usually very limited, with starch representing the main storage compound. Starch breakdown during the...
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| Published in: | Plant physiology (Bethesda) 1995-11, Vol.109 (3), p.1069-1076 |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c556t-330748a38e662cd6e0662e8ecfa37edc04c494c0c9066c212401bec553ec41f53 |
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| container_end_page | 1076 |
| container_issue | 3 |
| container_start_page | 1069 |
| container_title | Plant physiology (Bethesda) |
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| creator | Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.) Yamaguchi, J Perata, P Alpi, A |
| description | An adequate carbohydrate supply contributes to the survival of seeds under conditions of limited oxygen availability. The amount of soluble, readily fermentable carbohydrates in dry cereal seeds is usually very limited, with starch representing the main storage compound. Starch breakdown during the germination of cereal seeds is the result of the action of hydrolytic enzymes and only through the concerted action of alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), beta-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), debranching enzyme (EC 3.2.1.41), and alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) can starch be hydrolyzed completely. We present here data concerning the complete set of starch-degrading enzymes in three cereals, rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is tolerant to anaerobiosis, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), which are unable to germinate under anoxia. Among the cereal seeds tested under anoxia, only rice is able to degrade nonboiled, soluble starch, reflecting the ability to degrade the starch granules in vivo. This is explained by the presence of the complete set of enzymes needed to degrade starch completely either as the result of de novo synthesis (alpha-amylase, beta-amylase) or activation of preexisting, inactive forms of the enzyme (debranching enzyme, alpha-glucosidase). These enzymes are either absent or inactive in wheat and barley seeds kept under anaerobic conditions |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1104/pp.109.3.1069 |
| format | article |
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(University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.) ; Yamaguchi, J ; Perata, P ; Alpi, A</creator><creatorcontrib>Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.) ; Yamaguchi, J ; Perata, P ; Alpi, A</creatorcontrib><description>An adequate carbohydrate supply contributes to the survival of seeds under conditions of limited oxygen availability. The amount of soluble, readily fermentable carbohydrates in dry cereal seeds is usually very limited, with starch representing the main storage compound. Starch breakdown during the germination of cereal seeds is the result of the action of hydrolytic enzymes and only through the concerted action of alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), beta-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), debranching enzyme (EC 3.2.1.41), and alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) can starch be hydrolyzed completely. We present here data concerning the complete set of starch-degrading enzymes in three cereals, rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is tolerant to anaerobiosis, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), which are unable to germinate under anoxia. Among the cereal seeds tested under anoxia, only rice is able to degrade nonboiled, soluble starch, reflecting the ability to degrade the starch granules in vivo. This is explained by the presence of the complete set of enzymes needed to degrade starch completely either as the result of de novo synthesis (alpha-amylase, beta-amylase) or activation of preexisting, inactive forms of the enzyme (debranching enzyme, alpha-glucosidase). These enzymes are either absent or inactive in wheat and barley seeds kept under anaerobic conditions</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-0889</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-2548</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.3.1069</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12228653</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PPHYA5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Rockville, MD: American Society of Plant Physiologists</publisher><subject>ACTIVADOR ENZIMATICO ; ACTIVATEUR D'ENZYME ; ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ; ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE ; ALFA AMILASA ; ALMIDON ; ALPHA AMYLASE ; AMIDON ; Anaerobic conditions ; ANAEROBIOSE ; ANAEROBIOSIS ; ANOXIA ; ANOXIE ; Antibodies ; Barley ; BETA AMILASA ; BETA AMYLASE ; BIODEGRADACION ; BIODEGRADATION ; Biological and medical sciences ; BIOSINTESIS ; BIOSYNTHESE ; Enzymes ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; GERMINACION ; GERMINATION ; GLUCOSIDASA ; GLUCOSIDASE ; HIDROLISIS ; HORDEUM VULGARE ; HYDROLYSE ; Metabolism ; ORYZA SATIVA ; Photosynthesis, respiration. Anabolism, catabolism ; Plant physiology and development ; Plants ; PLANTULAS ; PLANTULE ; PULLULANASA ; PULLULANASE ; Rice ; Seedlings ; Starches ; TRITICUM AESTIVUM ; Whole Plant, Environmental, and Stress Physiology</subject><ispartof>Plant physiology (Bethesda), 1995-11, Vol.109 (3), p.1069-1076</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1995 American Society of Plant Physiologists</rights><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c556t-330748a38e662cd6e0662e8ecfa37edc04c494c0c9066c212401bec553ec41f53</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4276900$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4276900$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,786,790,891,27957,27958,58593,58826</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2916901$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228653$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamaguchi, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perata, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alpi, A</creatorcontrib><title>Amylolytic activities in cereal seeds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions</title><title>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</title><addtitle>Plant Physiol</addtitle><description>An adequate carbohydrate supply contributes to the survival of seeds under conditions of limited oxygen availability. The amount of soluble, readily fermentable carbohydrates in dry cereal seeds is usually very limited, with starch representing the main storage compound. Starch breakdown during the germination of cereal seeds is the result of the action of hydrolytic enzymes and only through the concerted action of alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), beta-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), debranching enzyme (EC 3.2.1.41), and alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) can starch be hydrolyzed completely. We present here data concerning the complete set of starch-degrading enzymes in three cereals, rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is tolerant to anaerobiosis, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), which are unable to germinate under anoxia. Among the cereal seeds tested under anoxia, only rice is able to degrade nonboiled, soluble starch, reflecting the ability to degrade the starch granules in vivo. This is explained by the presence of the complete set of enzymes needed to degrade starch completely either as the result of de novo synthesis (alpha-amylase, beta-amylase) or activation of preexisting, inactive forms of the enzyme (debranching enzyme, alpha-glucosidase). These enzymes are either absent or inactive in wheat and barley seeds kept under anaerobic conditions</description><subject>ACTIVADOR ENZIMATICO</subject><subject>ACTIVATEUR D'ENZYME</subject><subject>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</subject><subject>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</subject><subject>ALFA AMILASA</subject><subject>ALMIDON</subject><subject>ALPHA AMYLASE</subject><subject>AMIDON</subject><subject>Anaerobic conditions</subject><subject>ANAEROBIOSE</subject><subject>ANAEROBIOSIS</subject><subject>ANOXIA</subject><subject>ANOXIE</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Barley</subject><subject>BETA AMILASA</subject><subject>BETA AMYLASE</subject><subject>BIODEGRADACION</subject><subject>BIODEGRADATION</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BIOSINTESIS</subject><subject>BIOSYNTHESE</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>GERMINACION</subject><subject>GERMINATION</subject><subject>GLUCOSIDASA</subject><subject>GLUCOSIDASE</subject><subject>HIDROLISIS</subject><subject>HORDEUM VULGARE</subject><subject>HYDROLYSE</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>ORYZA SATIVA</subject><subject>Photosynthesis, respiration. Anabolism, catabolism</subject><subject>Plant physiology and development</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>PLANTULAS</subject><subject>PLANTULE</subject><subject>PULLULANASA</subject><subject>PULLULANASE</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Starches</subject><subject>TRITICUM AESTIVUM</subject><subject>Whole Plant, Environmental, and Stress Physiology</subject><issn>0032-0889</issn><issn>1532-2548</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkU1vEzEQhi0EoiFw5IIQ2kMPXDZ4bO-ufeBQVeVDitRD6dlyvLPF1cZe7E2l_HsmSghgyZ6x3ucdfwxjb4GvALj6NE0r4GYlaW3NM7aARopaNEo_ZwvOKedamwv2qpRHzjlIUC_ZBQghdNvIBVtfbfdjGvdz8JXzc3gKc8BShVh5zOjGqiD2pdrFHnPlMKfNAYw9zT87n2JPrhTLa_ZicGPBN6e4ZPdfbn5cf6vXt1-_X1-ta9807VxLyTulndTYtsL3LXKKqNEPTnbYe668Mspzb0jwAoTisEHySvQKhkYu2edj3Wm32ZIB45zdaKccti7vbXLB_q_E8NM-pCcLLSjg5P948uf0a4dltttQPI6ji5h2xYJujOxoaELrI-pzKiXjcD4FuD00wE4TpcZKe2gA8R_-vdpf-vTjBFyeAFe8G4fsog_lzAkDraE2Ldn7I_ZY5pTPshIdyYcXvDvKg0vWPWSqcH9nOhBGSPkbxF6glA</recordid><startdate>19951101</startdate><enddate>19951101</enddate><creator>Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.)</creator><creator>Yamaguchi, J</creator><creator>Perata, P</creator><creator>Alpi, A</creator><general>American Society of Plant Physiologists</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19951101</creationdate><title>Amylolytic activities in cereal seeds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions</title><author>Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.) ; Yamaguchi, J ; Perata, P ; Alpi, A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c556t-330748a38e662cd6e0662e8ecfa37edc04c494c0c9066c212401bec553ec41f53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>ACTIVADOR ENZIMATICO</topic><topic>ACTIVATEUR D'ENZYME</topic><topic>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</topic><topic>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</topic><topic>ALFA AMILASA</topic><topic>ALMIDON</topic><topic>ALPHA AMYLASE</topic><topic>AMIDON</topic><topic>Anaerobic conditions</topic><topic>ANAEROBIOSE</topic><topic>ANAEROBIOSIS</topic><topic>ANOXIA</topic><topic>ANOXIE</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Barley</topic><topic>BETA AMILASA</topic><topic>BETA AMYLASE</topic><topic>BIODEGRADACION</topic><topic>BIODEGRADATION</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>BIOSINTESIS</topic><topic>BIOSYNTHESE</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>GERMINACION</topic><topic>GERMINATION</topic><topic>GLUCOSIDASA</topic><topic>GLUCOSIDASE</topic><topic>HIDROLISIS</topic><topic>HORDEUM VULGARE</topic><topic>HYDROLYSE</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>ORYZA SATIVA</topic><topic>Photosynthesis, respiration. Anabolism, catabolism</topic><topic>Plant physiology and development</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>PLANTULAS</topic><topic>PLANTULE</topic><topic>PULLULANASA</topic><topic>PULLULANASE</topic><topic>Rice</topic><topic>Seedlings</topic><topic>Starches</topic><topic>TRITICUM AESTIVUM</topic><topic>Whole Plant, Environmental, and Stress Physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamaguchi, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perata, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alpi, A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Guglielminetti, L. (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.)</au><au>Yamaguchi, J</au><au>Perata, P</au><au>Alpi, A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Amylolytic activities in cereal seeds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions</atitle><jtitle>Plant physiology (Bethesda)</jtitle><addtitle>Plant Physiol</addtitle><date>1995-11-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>109</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1069</spage><epage>1076</epage><pages>1069-1076</pages><issn>0032-0889</issn><eissn>1532-2548</eissn><coden>PPHYA5</coden><notes>9712923</notes><notes>F60</notes><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>An adequate carbohydrate supply contributes to the survival of seeds under conditions of limited oxygen availability. The amount of soluble, readily fermentable carbohydrates in dry cereal seeds is usually very limited, with starch representing the main storage compound. Starch breakdown during the germination of cereal seeds is the result of the action of hydrolytic enzymes and only through the concerted action of alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), beta-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), debranching enzyme (EC 3.2.1.41), and alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) can starch be hydrolyzed completely. We present here data concerning the complete set of starch-degrading enzymes in three cereals, rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is tolerant to anaerobiosis, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), which are unable to germinate under anoxia. Among the cereal seeds tested under anoxia, only rice is able to degrade nonboiled, soluble starch, reflecting the ability to degrade the starch granules in vivo. This is explained by the presence of the complete set of enzymes needed to degrade starch completely either as the result of de novo synthesis (alpha-amylase, beta-amylase) or activation of preexisting, inactive forms of the enzyme (debranching enzyme, alpha-glucosidase). These enzymes are either absent or inactive in wheat and barley seeds kept under anaerobic conditions</abstract><cop>Rockville, MD</cop><pub>American Society of Plant Physiologists</pub><pmid>12228653</pmid><doi>10.1104/pp.109.3.1069</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0032-0889 |
| ispartof | Plant physiology (Bethesda), 1995-11, Vol.109 (3), p.1069-1076 |
| issn | 0032-0889 1532-2548 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_161410 |
| source | JSTOR |
| subjects | ACTIVADOR ENZIMATICO ACTIVATEUR D'ENZYME ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE ALFA AMILASA ALMIDON ALPHA AMYLASE AMIDON Anaerobic conditions ANAEROBIOSE ANAEROBIOSIS ANOXIA ANOXIE Antibodies Barley BETA AMILASA BETA AMYLASE BIODEGRADACION BIODEGRADATION Biological and medical sciences BIOSINTESIS BIOSYNTHESE Enzymes Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GERMINACION GERMINATION GLUCOSIDASA GLUCOSIDASE HIDROLISIS HORDEUM VULGARE HYDROLYSE Metabolism ORYZA SATIVA Photosynthesis, respiration. Anabolism, catabolism Plant physiology and development Plants PLANTULAS PLANTULE PULLULANASA PULLULANASE Rice Seedlings Starches TRITICUM AESTIVUM Whole Plant, Environmental, and Stress Physiology |
| title | Amylolytic activities in cereal seeds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions |
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