Deep trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodelling in the placental bed of the chimpanzee

Abstract Deep trophoblast invasion is usually considered to be a unique feature of human placentation as compared to other primates. Because of the occasional occurrence of preeclampsia in great apes, which in the human is associated with impaired deep invasion, this uniqueness may be questioned. Th...

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Published in:Placenta (Eastbourne) 2011-05, Vol.32 (5), p.400-408
Main Authors: Pijnenborg, R, Vercruysse, L, Carter, A.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Chimpanzee
Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Great apes
Internal Medicine
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Pan troglodytes - physiology
Placenta - blood supply
Placenta - physiology
Placental bed
Pregnancy - physiology
Spiral arteries
Trophoblast invasion
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description Abstract Deep trophoblast invasion is usually considered to be a unique feature of human placentation as compared to other primates. Because of the occasional occurrence of preeclampsia in great apes, which in the human is associated with impaired deep invasion, this uniqueness may be questioned. The availability of two well-documented pregnant chimpanzee uteri in the Hubrecht Collection (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin) allowed us to evaluate the extent of trophoblast invasion in this species. By adjusting currently used protocols, we obtained successful immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin and α-actin, as well as Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA1) lectin staining, in this archival material. In both specimens interstitial trophoblast invasion had occurred in both decidua and myometrium. Because of a lack of published data on fetal growth for this species, fetal sizes (7 cm and 13 cm) could not be strictly related to gestational ages and thus be compared with the time-course of human trophoblast invasion. However, since the earlier specimen did not show any endovascular trophoblast invasion in spiral arteries – in contrast to pregnant human uteri with equivalent fetal sizes – endovascular migration seems to begin at a different gestational age in the chimpanzee. In the later specimen endovascular trophoblast was associated with spiral artery remodelling in the inner myometrium, and this invasion was extended to include a radial artery, which at that stage still showed relatively intact vascular smooth muscle and elastic lamina. We conclude that invasion depth and spiral artery remodelling are basically similar in chimpanzees and humans, although the seemingly different time of onset may have implications for uteroplacental oxygen supply and fetal development.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.02.009
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subjects Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Chimpanzee
Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Great apes
Internal Medicine
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Pan troglodytes - physiology
Placenta - blood supply
Placenta - physiology
Placental bed
Pregnancy - physiology
Spiral arteries
Trophoblast invasion
title Deep trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodelling in the placental bed of the chimpanzee
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