Alternative Immunological Markers to Document Successful Multiple Smallpox Revaccinations

Background. Successful smallpox vaccination is traditionally defined by clinical response ("take"). Nevertheless, only 60% of subjects in the 2002 Israeli smallpox revaccination campaign developed clinical take. More sensitive immunological markers are needed to document successful revacci...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2011-04, Vol.52 (7), p.856-861
Main Authors: Wiser, Itay, Orr, Nadav, Smetana, Zehava, Spungin-Bialik, Ania, Mendelson, Ella, Cohen, Daniel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood
Antibodies, Viral - blood
ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES
B lymphocytes
Comparative analysis
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
Humans
Immunity
Immunization
Immunization, Secondary - methods
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Interferon
Male
Medical syringes
Middle Aged
Neutralization Tests
Neutralizing antibodies
Smallpox
Smallpox - prevention & control
Smallpox Vaccine - administration & dosage
Smallpox Vaccine - immunology
Vaccination
Vaccinia
Vaccinia virus
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Summary:Background. Successful smallpox vaccination is traditionally defined by clinical response ("take"). Nevertheless, only 60% of subjects in the 2002 Israeli smallpox revaccination campaign developed clinical take. More sensitive immunological markers are needed to document successful revaccination. We compared the level of vaccinia-specific immune markers among subjects who did or did not develop clinical take following revaccination. Methods. Forty subjects who participated in 2002 smallpox revaccination campaign and developed clinical take were individually matched for age, sex, and smallpox vaccinations with subjects who did not develop clinical take ("no-take"). Vaccinia immunity markers were examined prior to and 14 days and 2 years after revaccination. Results. Higher levels of total immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgG1, and neutralizing antibodies (highest dilution of serum that inhibited the cytopathic effect by at least 50% [PRNT50]) were observed in the no-take group before vaccination (166 vs 94.3 ELISAU/mL [P
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1093/cid/cir006