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Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions
Following model evaluation in part I, this part II paper focuses on the process analysis and chemical regime analysis for the formation of ozone (O 3) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm (PM 10) in China. The process analysis results show that horizontal tran...
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| Published in: | Atmospheric environment (1994) 2010-09, Vol.44 (30), p.3719-3727 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| container_end_page | 3727 |
| container_issue | 30 |
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| container_title | Atmospheric environment (1994) |
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| creator | Liu, Xiao-Huan Zhang, Yang Xing, Jia Zhang, Qiang Wang, Kai Streets, David G. Jang, Carey Wang, Wen-Xing Hao, Ji-Ming |
| description | Following model evaluation in part I, this part II paper focuses on the process analysis and chemical regime analysis for the formation of ozone (O
3) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm (PM
10) in China. The process analysis results show that horizontal transport is the main contributor to the accumulation of O
3 in Jan., Apr., and Oct., and gas-phase chemistry and vertical transport contribute to the production and accumulation of O
3 in Jul. Removal pathways of O
3 include vertical and horizontal transport, gas-phase chemistry, and cloud processes, depending on locations and seasons. PM
10 is mainly produced by primary emissions and aerosol processes and removed by horizontal transport. Cloud processes could either decrease or increase PM
10 concentrations, depending on locations and seasons. Among all indicators examined, the ratio of
P
HNO
3
/
P
H
2
O
2
provides the most robust indicator for O
3 chemistry, indicating a VOC-limited O
3 chemistry over most of the eastern China in Jan., NO
x-limited in Jul., and either VOC- or NO
x-limited in Apr. and Oct. O
3 chemistry is NO
x-limited in most central and western China and VOC-limited in major cities throughout the year. The adjusted gas ratio, AdjGR, indicates that PM formation in the eastern China is most sensitive to the emissions of SO
2 and may be more sensitive to emission reductions in NO
x than in NH
3. These results are fairly consistent with the responses of O
3 and PM
2.5 to the reductions of their precursor emissions predicted from sensitivity simulations. A 50% reduction of NO
x or AVOC emissions leads to a reduction of O
3 over the eastern China. Unlike the reduction of emissions of SO
2, NO
x, and NH
3 that leads to a decrease in PM
10, a 50% reduction of AVOC emissions increases PM
10 levels. Such results indicate the complexity of O
3 and PM chemistry and a need for an integrated, region-specific emission control strategy with seasonal variations to effectively control both O
3 and PM
2.5 pollution in China. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.036 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_762265879</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S1352231010002621</els_id><sourcerecordid>762265879</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ea18697f72773ab0db4dbe17f8de9fde09824f6e28d60ccec66e1deaa5af7e9d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkcGKFDEQhhtRcF19BclF9GCPSbon6b65DKsOrKjgnkNNUr1m6EnaVHpgfBlf1bSzelQoSCX5_qqi_qp6LvhKcKHe7FeQD5EwHFeSl0felFAPqgvR6aaWXds-LHmzlrVsBH9cPSHac84b3euL6udtcJgoQ3A-3LE4sIR3PgYYGfjEpjiOcy53Fo-Y2OabD8BmWtDNx6svr9kEKbPtdsU-p2iRiEGRnsgviWNlKPLZH30-LaXjjxjw98ci83YeISM7QM6ldo5sSmjnRDExPHii0paeVo8GGAmf3Z-X1e2766-bD_XNp_fbzdVNbVvd5BpBdKrXg5ZaN7Djbte6HQo9dA77wSHvO9kOCmXnFLcWrVIoHAKsYdDYu-ayenmuO6X4fUbKpkxgcRwhYJzJaCWlWne6L-Srf5JCadHKVnQLqs6oTZEo4WCm5A-QTkZws3hn9uaPd2bxzvCmhCrCF_c9gCyMQ4JgPf1VFx_XWrXrwr09c1hWc_SYDFmPwaLzZZXZuOj_1-oXl6G31g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1671424189</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions</title><source>ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Liu, Xiao-Huan ; Zhang, Yang ; Xing, Jia ; Zhang, Qiang ; Wang, Kai ; Streets, David G. ; Jang, Carey ; Wang, Wen-Xing ; Hao, Ji-Ming</creator><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiao-Huan ; Zhang, Yang ; Xing, Jia ; Zhang, Qiang ; Wang, Kai ; Streets, David G. ; Jang, Carey ; Wang, Wen-Xing ; Hao, Ji-Ming</creatorcontrib><description>Following model evaluation in part I, this part II paper focuses on the process analysis and chemical regime analysis for the formation of ozone (O
3) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm (PM
10) in China. The process analysis results show that horizontal transport is the main contributor to the accumulation of O
3 in Jan., Apr., and Oct., and gas-phase chemistry and vertical transport contribute to the production and accumulation of O
3 in Jul. Removal pathways of O
3 include vertical and horizontal transport, gas-phase chemistry, and cloud processes, depending on locations and seasons. PM
10 is mainly produced by primary emissions and aerosol processes and removed by horizontal transport. Cloud processes could either decrease or increase PM
10 concentrations, depending on locations and seasons. Among all indicators examined, the ratio of
P
HNO
3
/
P
H
2
O
2
provides the most robust indicator for O
3 chemistry, indicating a VOC-limited O
3 chemistry over most of the eastern China in Jan., NO
x-limited in Jul., and either VOC- or NO
x-limited in Apr. and Oct. O
3 chemistry is NO
x-limited in most central and western China and VOC-limited in major cities throughout the year. The adjusted gas ratio, AdjGR, indicates that PM formation in the eastern China is most sensitive to the emissions of SO
2 and may be more sensitive to emission reductions in NO
x than in NH
3. These results are fairly consistent with the responses of O
3 and PM
2.5 to the reductions of their precursor emissions predicted from sensitivity simulations. A 50% reduction of NO
x or AVOC emissions leads to a reduction of O
3 over the eastern China. Unlike the reduction of emissions of SO
2, NO
x, and NH
3 that leads to a decrease in PM
10, a 50% reduction of AVOC emissions increases PM
10 levels. Such results indicate the complexity of O
3 and PM chemistry and a need for an integrated, region-specific emission control strategy with seasonal variations to effectively control both O
3 and PM
2.5 pollution in China.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1352-2310</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2844</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.036</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aircraft components ; Applied sciences ; Atmospheric pollution ; China ; Clouds ; CMAQ ; Emissions control ; Exact sciences and technology ; Horizontal ; Indicators ; Indicators for O 3 and PM 2.5 chemistry ; Ozone ; Pollution ; Process analysis ; Reduction ; Seasons ; Transport</subject><ispartof>Atmospheric environment (1994), 2010-09, Vol.44 (30), p.3719-3727</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ea18697f72773ab0db4dbe17f8de9fde09824f6e28d60ccec66e1deaa5af7e9d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ea18697f72773ab0db4dbe17f8de9fde09824f6e28d60ccec66e1deaa5af7e9d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23157645$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiao-Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xing, Jia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Streets, David G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jang, Carey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Wen-Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Ji-Ming</creatorcontrib><title>Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions</title><title>Atmospheric environment (1994)</title><description>Following model evaluation in part I, this part II paper focuses on the process analysis and chemical regime analysis for the formation of ozone (O
3) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm (PM
10) in China. The process analysis results show that horizontal transport is the main contributor to the accumulation of O
3 in Jan., Apr., and Oct., and gas-phase chemistry and vertical transport contribute to the production and accumulation of O
3 in Jul. Removal pathways of O
3 include vertical and horizontal transport, gas-phase chemistry, and cloud processes, depending on locations and seasons. PM
10 is mainly produced by primary emissions and aerosol processes and removed by horizontal transport. Cloud processes could either decrease or increase PM
10 concentrations, depending on locations and seasons. Among all indicators examined, the ratio of
P
HNO
3
/
P
H
2
O
2
provides the most robust indicator for O
3 chemistry, indicating a VOC-limited O
3 chemistry over most of the eastern China in Jan., NO
x-limited in Jul., and either VOC- or NO
x-limited in Apr. and Oct. O
3 chemistry is NO
x-limited in most central and western China and VOC-limited in major cities throughout the year. The adjusted gas ratio, AdjGR, indicates that PM formation in the eastern China is most sensitive to the emissions of SO
2 and may be more sensitive to emission reductions in NO
x than in NH
3. These results are fairly consistent with the responses of O
3 and PM
2.5 to the reductions of their precursor emissions predicted from sensitivity simulations. A 50% reduction of NO
x or AVOC emissions leads to a reduction of O
3 over the eastern China. Unlike the reduction of emissions of SO
2, NO
x, and NH
3 that leads to a decrease in PM
10, a 50% reduction of AVOC emissions increases PM
10 levels. Such results indicate the complexity of O
3 and PM chemistry and a need for an integrated, region-specific emission control strategy with seasonal variations to effectively control both O
3 and PM
2.5 pollution in China.</description><subject>Aircraft components</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Atmospheric pollution</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Clouds</subject><subject>CMAQ</subject><subject>Emissions control</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Horizontal</subject><subject>Indicators</subject><subject>Indicators for O 3 and PM 2.5 chemistry</subject><subject>Ozone</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Process analysis</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Transport</subject><issn>1352-2310</issn><issn>1873-2844</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkcGKFDEQhhtRcF19BclF9GCPSbon6b65DKsOrKjgnkNNUr1m6EnaVHpgfBlf1bSzelQoSCX5_qqi_qp6LvhKcKHe7FeQD5EwHFeSl0felFAPqgvR6aaWXds-LHmzlrVsBH9cPSHac84b3euL6udtcJgoQ3A-3LE4sIR3PgYYGfjEpjiOcy53Fo-Y2OabD8BmWtDNx6svr9kEKbPtdsU-p2iRiEGRnsgviWNlKPLZH30-LaXjjxjw98ci83YeISM7QM6ldo5sSmjnRDExPHii0paeVo8GGAmf3Z-X1e2766-bD_XNp_fbzdVNbVvd5BpBdKrXg5ZaN7Djbte6HQo9dA77wSHvO9kOCmXnFLcWrVIoHAKsYdDYu-ayenmuO6X4fUbKpkxgcRwhYJzJaCWlWne6L-Srf5JCadHKVnQLqs6oTZEo4WCm5A-QTkZws3hn9uaPd2bxzvCmhCrCF_c9gCyMQ4JgPf1VFx_XWrXrwr09c1hWc_SYDFmPwaLzZZXZuOj_1-oXl6G31g</recordid><startdate>20100901</startdate><enddate>20100901</enddate><creator>Liu, Xiao-Huan</creator><creator>Zhang, Yang</creator><creator>Xing, Jia</creator><creator>Zhang, Qiang</creator><creator>Wang, Kai</creator><creator>Streets, David G.</creator><creator>Jang, Carey</creator><creator>Wang, Wen-Xing</creator><creator>Hao, Ji-Ming</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100901</creationdate><title>Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions</title><author>Liu, Xiao-Huan ; Zhang, Yang ; Xing, Jia ; Zhang, Qiang ; Wang, Kai ; Streets, David G. ; Jang, Carey ; Wang, Wen-Xing ; Hao, Ji-Ming</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ea18697f72773ab0db4dbe17f8de9fde09824f6e28d60ccec66e1deaa5af7e9d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Aircraft components</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Atmospheric pollution</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Clouds</topic><topic>CMAQ</topic><topic>Emissions control</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Horizontal</topic><topic>Indicators</topic><topic>Indicators for O 3 and PM 2.5 chemistry</topic><topic>Ozone</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Process analysis</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Transport</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiao-Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xing, Jia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Streets, David G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jang, Carey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Wen-Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Ji-Ming</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Atmospheric environment (1994)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Xiao-Huan</au><au>Zhang, Yang</au><au>Xing, Jia</au><au>Zhang, Qiang</au><au>Wang, Kai</au><au>Streets, David G.</au><au>Jang, Carey</au><au>Wang, Wen-Xing</au><au>Hao, Ji-Ming</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions</atitle><jtitle>Atmospheric environment (1994)</jtitle><date>2010-09-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>30</issue><spage>3719</spage><epage>3727</epage><pages>3719-3727</pages><issn>1352-2310</issn><eissn>1873-2844</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>Following model evaluation in part I, this part II paper focuses on the process analysis and chemical regime analysis for the formation of ozone (O
3) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm (PM
10) in China. The process analysis results show that horizontal transport is the main contributor to the accumulation of O
3 in Jan., Apr., and Oct., and gas-phase chemistry and vertical transport contribute to the production and accumulation of O
3 in Jul. Removal pathways of O
3 include vertical and horizontal transport, gas-phase chemistry, and cloud processes, depending on locations and seasons. PM
10 is mainly produced by primary emissions and aerosol processes and removed by horizontal transport. Cloud processes could either decrease or increase PM
10 concentrations, depending on locations and seasons. Among all indicators examined, the ratio of
P
HNO
3
/
P
H
2
O
2
provides the most robust indicator for O
3 chemistry, indicating a VOC-limited O
3 chemistry over most of the eastern China in Jan., NO
x-limited in Jul., and either VOC- or NO
x-limited in Apr. and Oct. O
3 chemistry is NO
x-limited in most central and western China and VOC-limited in major cities throughout the year. The adjusted gas ratio, AdjGR, indicates that PM formation in the eastern China is most sensitive to the emissions of SO
2 and may be more sensitive to emission reductions in NO
x than in NH
3. These results are fairly consistent with the responses of O
3 and PM
2.5 to the reductions of their precursor emissions predicted from sensitivity simulations. A 50% reduction of NO
x or AVOC emissions leads to a reduction of O
3 over the eastern China. Unlike the reduction of emissions of SO
2, NO
x, and NH
3 that leads to a decrease in PM
10, a 50% reduction of AVOC emissions increases PM
10 levels. Such results indicate the complexity of O
3 and PM chemistry and a need for an integrated, region-specific emission control strategy with seasonal variations to effectively control both O
3 and PM
2.5 pollution in China.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.036</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1352-2310 |
| ispartof | Atmospheric environment (1994), 2010-09, Vol.44 (30), p.3719-3727 |
| issn | 1352-2310 1873-2844 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_762265879 |
| source | ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Aircraft components Applied sciences Atmospheric pollution China Clouds CMAQ Emissions control Exact sciences and technology Horizontal Indicators Indicators for O 3 and PM 2.5 chemistry Ozone Pollution Process analysis Reduction Seasons Transport |
| title | Understanding of regional air pollution over China using CMAQ, part II. Process analysis and sensitivity of ozone and particulate matter to precursor emissions |
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