Interventions for Visceral Adiposity Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Application of a Method for Assessing Efficacy

In addition to lipoatrophy of the subcutaneous fat compartment and lipohypertrophy of the breasts and dorsocervical fat pad, excess visceral fat is considered to be part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated lipodystrophy. Because of associations between visceral adiposity and atheroscler...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2003-09, Vol.37 (Supplement-2), p.S96-S100
Main Author: Engelson, Ellen S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose Tissue - drug effects
Adipose tissues
Adiposity
Adult
Body composition
Body Composition - drug effects
Body fat
Diet
Exercise
Female
Growth Hormone - pharmacology
HIV
HIV Infections - physiopathology
HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome - therapy
Humans
Male
Malnutrition
Nutrition Disorders
Obesity
Subcutaneous fat
Visceral fat
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Summary:In addition to lipoatrophy of the subcutaneous fat compartment and lipohypertrophy of the breasts and dorsocervical fat pad, excess visceral fat is considered to be part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated lipodystrophy. Because of associations between visceral adiposity and atherosclerotic risk and undesirable clinical and psychological effects, therapies for this morphological alteration are under investigation. The non-HIV literature on the visceral fat effects of various weight-reduction methods provides some insight into the difficulty that lies ahead. We demonstrate the application of a method published by Smith and Zachwieja to 3 studies of HIV that resulted in a significant loss of body fat. The method is meant to control for differences in the initial amount of visceral fat per subcutaneous fat and for absolute weight change. The results show that the body composition differences in HIV may require the development and application of a new method that permits wider variation in fat distribution.
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1086/375880