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Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United States
CONTEXT Geographic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated risk factors have been recognized worldwide. However, little attention has been directed to potential differences in hypertension between Europe and North America. OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher blood pressure (BP) l...
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| Published in: | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2003-05, Vol.289 (18), p.2363-2369 |
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| creator | Wolf-Maier, Katharina Cooper, Richard S Banegas, José R Giampaoli, Simona Hense, Hans-Werner Joffres, Michel Kastarinen, Mika Poulter, Neil Primatesta, Paola Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando Stegmayr, Birgitta Thamm, Michael Tuomilehto, Jaakko Vanuzzo, Diego Vescio, Fenicia |
| description | CONTEXT Geographic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated
risk factors have been recognized worldwide. However, little attention has
been directed to potential differences in hypertension between Europe and
North America. OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher blood pressure (BP) levels and hypertension
are more prevalent in Europe than in the United States and Canada. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Sample surveys that were national in scope and conducted in the 1990s
were identified in Germany, Finland, Sweden, England, Spain, Italy, Canada,
and the United States. Collaborating investigators provided tabular data in
a consistent format by age and sex for persons at least 35 years of age. Population
registries were the main basis for sampling. Survey sizes ranged from 1800
to 23 100, with response rates of 61% to 87.5%. The data were analyzed
to provide age-specific and age-adjusted estimates of BP and hypertension
prevalence by country and region (eg, European vs North American). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension in Europe, the
United States, and Canada. RESULTS Average BP was 136/83 mm Hg in the European countries and 127/77 mm
Hg in Canada and the United States among men and women combined who were 35
to 74 years of age. This difference already existed among younger persons
(35-39 years) in whom treatment was uncommon (ie, 124/78 mm Hg and 115/75
mm Hg, respectively), and the slope with age was steeper in the European countries.
For all age groups, BP measurements were lowest in the United States and highest
in Germany. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 28% in
the North American countries and 44% in the European countries at the 140/90
mm Hg threshold. The findings for men and women by region were similar. Hypertension
prevalence was strongly correlated with stroke mortality (r = 0.78) and more modestly with total CVD (r =
0.44). CONCLUSIONS Despite extensive research on geographic patterns of CVD, the 60% higher
prevalence of hypertension in Europe compared with the United States and Canada
has not been generally appreciated. The implication of this finding for national
prevention strategies should be vigorously explored. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1001/jama.289.18.2363 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73269543</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><ama_id>196535</ama_id><sourcerecordid>73269543</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a371t-425ca9af9b1febac9b9fec2e6e49be93f1047418d0ab19b72735209b8b9202cf3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpd0d1r2zAQAHBRNtq023v3MsRgfaozfdnSPXahXxDoYOuzOdln4uDImWQH8t_Pa1IK1cuB7nfHccfYpRRzKYT8scYNzpWDuXRzpQt9wmYy1y7TObgPbCYEuMwaZ87YeUprMT2p7Sk7k8qaYkIztnrYbykOFFLbB_4r0g47ChVxDDX_2fV9_f8zpTESX9KOusTbwAt-O8Z-Sxj4oh_DEFtK13yBAWu8fikdVsSfQztQzX8POFD6xD422CX6fIwX7Pnu9s_iIVs-3T8ubpYZaiuHzKi8QsAGvGzIYwUeGqoUFWTAE-hGCmONdLVAL8FbZXWuBHjnQQlVNfqCXR36bmP_d6Q0lJs2VdR1GKgfU2m1KiA3eoLf3sF1P8YwzVYqKbVzYMWEvh7R6DdUl9vYbjDuy9cFTuD7EWCqsGsihqpNb87Y3AEUk_tycNPF3rJQ5DrX_wB22Iem</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>211388970</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United States</title><source>American Medical Association Journals</source><creator>Wolf-Maier, Katharina ; Cooper, Richard S ; Banegas, José R ; Giampaoli, Simona ; Hense, Hans-Werner ; Joffres, Michel ; Kastarinen, Mika ; Poulter, Neil ; Primatesta, Paola ; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando ; Stegmayr, Birgitta ; Thamm, Michael ; Tuomilehto, Jaakko ; Vanuzzo, Diego ; Vescio, Fenicia</creator><creatorcontrib>Wolf-Maier, Katharina ; Cooper, Richard S ; Banegas, José R ; Giampaoli, Simona ; Hense, Hans-Werner ; Joffres, Michel ; Kastarinen, Mika ; Poulter, Neil ; Primatesta, Paola ; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando ; Stegmayr, Birgitta ; Thamm, Michael ; Tuomilehto, Jaakko ; Vanuzzo, Diego ; Vescio, Fenicia</creatorcontrib><description>CONTEXT Geographic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated
risk factors have been recognized worldwide. However, little attention has
been directed to potential differences in hypertension between Europe and
North America. OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher blood pressure (BP) levels and hypertension
are more prevalent in Europe than in the United States and Canada. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Sample surveys that were national in scope and conducted in the 1990s
were identified in Germany, Finland, Sweden, England, Spain, Italy, Canada,
and the United States. Collaborating investigators provided tabular data in
a consistent format by age and sex for persons at least 35 years of age. Population
registries were the main basis for sampling. Survey sizes ranged from 1800
to 23 100, with response rates of 61% to 87.5%. The data were analyzed
to provide age-specific and age-adjusted estimates of BP and hypertension
prevalence by country and region (eg, European vs North American). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension in Europe, the
United States, and Canada. RESULTS Average BP was 136/83 mm Hg in the European countries and 127/77 mm
Hg in Canada and the United States among men and women combined who were 35
to 74 years of age. This difference already existed among younger persons
(35-39 years) in whom treatment was uncommon (ie, 124/78 mm Hg and 115/75
mm Hg, respectively), and the slope with age was steeper in the European countries.
For all age groups, BP measurements were lowest in the United States and highest
in Germany. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 28% in
the North American countries and 44% in the European countries at the 140/90
mm Hg threshold. The findings for men and women by region were similar. Hypertension
prevalence was strongly correlated with stroke mortality (r = 0.78) and more modestly with total CVD (r =
0.44). CONCLUSIONS Despite extensive research on geographic patterns of CVD, the 60% higher
prevalence of hypertension in Europe compared with the United States and Canada
has not been generally appreciated. The implication of this finding for national
prevention strategies should be vigorously explored.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0098-7484</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-3598</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1001/jama.289.18.2363</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12746359</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAMAAP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: American Medical Association</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Analysis. Health state ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Canada - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality ; Demography ; Epidemiology ; Europe - epidemiology ; General aspects ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension - epidemiology ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Stroke - epidemiology ; Stroke - mortality ; United States - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 2003-05, Vol.289 (18), p.2363-2369</ispartof><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Medical Association May 14, 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a371t-425ca9af9b1febac9b9fec2e6e49be93f1047418d0ab19b72735209b8b9202cf3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14758996$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12746359$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wolf-Maier, Katharina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooper, Richard S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banegas, José R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giampaoli, Simona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hense, Hans-Werner</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joffres, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kastarinen, Mika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poulter, Neil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Primatesta, Paola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stegmayr, Birgitta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thamm, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tuomilehto, Jaakko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanuzzo, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vescio, Fenicia</creatorcontrib><title>Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United States</title><title>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</title><addtitle>JAMA</addtitle><description>CONTEXT Geographic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated
risk factors have been recognized worldwide. However, little attention has
been directed to potential differences in hypertension between Europe and
North America. OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher blood pressure (BP) levels and hypertension
are more prevalent in Europe than in the United States and Canada. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Sample surveys that were national in scope and conducted in the 1990s
were identified in Germany, Finland, Sweden, England, Spain, Italy, Canada,
and the United States. Collaborating investigators provided tabular data in
a consistent format by age and sex for persons at least 35 years of age. Population
registries were the main basis for sampling. Survey sizes ranged from 1800
to 23 100, with response rates of 61% to 87.5%. The data were analyzed
to provide age-specific and age-adjusted estimates of BP and hypertension
prevalence by country and region (eg, European vs North American). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension in Europe, the
United States, and Canada. RESULTS Average BP was 136/83 mm Hg in the European countries and 127/77 mm
Hg in Canada and the United States among men and women combined who were 35
to 74 years of age. This difference already existed among younger persons
(35-39 years) in whom treatment was uncommon (ie, 124/78 mm Hg and 115/75
mm Hg, respectively), and the slope with age was steeper in the European countries.
For all age groups, BP measurements were lowest in the United States and highest
in Germany. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 28% in
the North American countries and 44% in the European countries at the 140/90
mm Hg threshold. The findings for men and women by region were similar. Hypertension
prevalence was strongly correlated with stroke mortality (r = 0.78) and more modestly with total CVD (r =
0.44). CONCLUSIONS Despite extensive research on geographic patterns of CVD, the 60% higher
prevalence of hypertension in Europe compared with the United States and Canada
has not been generally appreciated. The implication of this finding for national
prevention strategies should be vigorously explored.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis. Health state</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Blood Pressure Determination</subject><subject>Canada - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Europe - epidemiology</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Hypertension - epidemiology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Population Surveillance</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Stroke - epidemiology</subject><subject>Stroke - mortality</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><issn>0098-7484</issn><issn>1538-3598</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpd0d1r2zAQAHBRNtq023v3MsRgfaozfdnSPXahXxDoYOuzOdln4uDImWQH8t_Pa1IK1cuB7nfHccfYpRRzKYT8scYNzpWDuXRzpQt9wmYy1y7TObgPbCYEuMwaZ87YeUprMT2p7Sk7k8qaYkIztnrYbykOFFLbB_4r0g47ChVxDDX_2fV9_f8zpTESX9KOusTbwAt-O8Z-Sxj4oh_DEFtK13yBAWu8fikdVsSfQztQzX8POFD6xD422CX6fIwX7Pnu9s_iIVs-3T8ubpYZaiuHzKi8QsAGvGzIYwUeGqoUFWTAE-hGCmONdLVAL8FbZXWuBHjnQQlVNfqCXR36bmP_d6Q0lJs2VdR1GKgfU2m1KiA3eoLf3sF1P8YwzVYqKbVzYMWEvh7R6DdUl9vYbjDuy9cFTuD7EWCqsGsihqpNb87Y3AEUk_tycNPF3rJQ5DrX_wB22Iem</recordid><startdate>20030514</startdate><enddate>20030514</enddate><creator>Wolf-Maier, Katharina</creator><creator>Cooper, Richard S</creator><creator>Banegas, José R</creator><creator>Giampaoli, Simona</creator><creator>Hense, Hans-Werner</creator><creator>Joffres, Michel</creator><creator>Kastarinen, Mika</creator><creator>Poulter, Neil</creator><creator>Primatesta, Paola</creator><creator>Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando</creator><creator>Stegmayr, Birgitta</creator><creator>Thamm, Michael</creator><creator>Tuomilehto, Jaakko</creator><creator>Vanuzzo, Diego</creator><creator>Vescio, Fenicia</creator><general>American Medical Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030514</creationdate><title>Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United States</title><author>Wolf-Maier, Katharina ; Cooper, Richard S ; Banegas, José R ; Giampaoli, Simona ; Hense, Hans-Werner ; Joffres, Michel ; Kastarinen, Mika ; Poulter, Neil ; Primatesta, Paola ; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando ; Stegmayr, Birgitta ; Thamm, Michael ; Tuomilehto, Jaakko ; Vanuzzo, Diego ; Vescio, Fenicia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a371t-425ca9af9b1febac9b9fec2e6e49be93f1047418d0ab19b72735209b8b9202cf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis. Health state</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Blood Pressure Determination</topic><topic>Canada - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Europe - epidemiology</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Hypertension - epidemiology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Population Surveillance</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Stroke - epidemiology</topic><topic>Stroke - mortality</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wolf-Maier, Katharina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooper, Richard S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banegas, José R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giampaoli, Simona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hense, Hans-Werner</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joffres, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kastarinen, Mika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poulter, Neil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Primatesta, Paola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stegmayr, Birgitta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thamm, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tuomilehto, Jaakko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanuzzo, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vescio, Fenicia</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wolf-Maier, Katharina</au><au>Cooper, Richard S</au><au>Banegas, José R</au><au>Giampaoli, Simona</au><au>Hense, Hans-Werner</au><au>Joffres, Michel</au><au>Kastarinen, Mika</au><au>Poulter, Neil</au><au>Primatesta, Paola</au><au>Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando</au><au>Stegmayr, Birgitta</au><au>Thamm, Michael</au><au>Tuomilehto, Jaakko</au><au>Vanuzzo, Diego</au><au>Vescio, Fenicia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United States</atitle><jtitle>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</jtitle><addtitle>JAMA</addtitle><date>2003-05-14</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>289</volume><issue>18</issue><spage>2363</spage><epage>2369</epage><pages>2363-2369</pages><issn>0098-7484</issn><eissn>1538-3598</eissn><coden>JAMAAP</coden><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>CONTEXT Geographic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated
risk factors have been recognized worldwide. However, little attention has
been directed to potential differences in hypertension between Europe and
North America. OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher blood pressure (BP) levels and hypertension
are more prevalent in Europe than in the United States and Canada. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Sample surveys that were national in scope and conducted in the 1990s
were identified in Germany, Finland, Sweden, England, Spain, Italy, Canada,
and the United States. Collaborating investigators provided tabular data in
a consistent format by age and sex for persons at least 35 years of age. Population
registries were the main basis for sampling. Survey sizes ranged from 1800
to 23 100, with response rates of 61% to 87.5%. The data were analyzed
to provide age-specific and age-adjusted estimates of BP and hypertension
prevalence by country and region (eg, European vs North American). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension in Europe, the
United States, and Canada. RESULTS Average BP was 136/83 mm Hg in the European countries and 127/77 mm
Hg in Canada and the United States among men and women combined who were 35
to 74 years of age. This difference already existed among younger persons
(35-39 years) in whom treatment was uncommon (ie, 124/78 mm Hg and 115/75
mm Hg, respectively), and the slope with age was steeper in the European countries.
For all age groups, BP measurements were lowest in the United States and highest
in Germany. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 28% in
the North American countries and 44% in the European countries at the 140/90
mm Hg threshold. The findings for men and women by region were similar. Hypertension
prevalence was strongly correlated with stroke mortality (r = 0.78) and more modestly with total CVD (r =
0.44). CONCLUSIONS Despite extensive research on geographic patterns of CVD, the 60% higher
prevalence of hypertension in Europe compared with the United States and Canada
has not been generally appreciated. The implication of this finding for national
prevention strategies should be vigorously explored.</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>American Medical Association</pub><pmid>12746359</pmid><doi>10.1001/jama.289.18.2363</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0098-7484 |
| ispartof | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 2003-05, Vol.289 (18), p.2363-2369 |
| issn | 0098-7484 1538-3598 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73269543 |
| source | American Medical Association Journals |
| subjects | Adult Age Distribution Aged Analysis. Health state Biological and medical sciences Blood Pressure Blood Pressure Determination Canada - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality Demography Epidemiology Europe - epidemiology General aspects Humans Hypertension Hypertension - epidemiology Medical sciences Middle Aged Population Surveillance Prevalence Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Stroke - epidemiology Stroke - mortality United States - epidemiology |
| title | Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United States |
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