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Jewish and Middle Eastern Non-Jewish Populations Share a Common Pool of Y-Chromosome Biallelic Haplotypes
Haplotypes constructed from Y-chromosome markers were used to trace the paternal origins of the Jewish Diaspora. A set of 18 biallelic polymorphisms was genotyped in 1,371 males from 29 populations, including 7 Jewish (Ashkenazi, Roman, North African, Kurdish, Near Eastern, Yemenite, and Ethiopian)...
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| Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2000-06, Vol.97 (12), p.6769-6774 |
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| creator | Hammer, M. F. Redd, A. J. Wood, E. T. Bonner, M. R. Jarjanazi, H. Karafet, T. Santachiara-Benerecetti, S. Oppenheim, A. Jobling, M. A. Jenkins, T. Ostrer, H. Bonne-Tamir, B. |
| description | Haplotypes constructed from Y-chromosome markers were used to trace the paternal origins of the Jewish Diaspora. A set of 18 biallelic polymorphisms was genotyped in 1,371 males from 29 populations, including 7 Jewish (Ashkenazi, Roman, North African, Kurdish, Near Eastern, Yemenite, and Ethiopian) and 16 non-Jewish groups from similar geographic locations. The Jewish populations were characterized by a diverse set of 13 haplotypes that were also present in non-Jewish populations from Africa, Asia, and Europe. A series of analyses was performed to address whether modern Jewish Y-chromosome diversity derives mainly from a common Middle Eastern source population or from admixture with neighboring non-Jewish populations during and after the Diaspora. Despite their long-term residence in different countries and isolation from one another, most Jewish populations were not significantly different from one another at the genetic level. Admixture estimates suggested low levels of European Y-chromosome gene flow into Ashkenazi and Roman Jewish communities. A multidimensional scaling plot placed six of the seven Jewish populations in a relatively tight cluster that was interspersed with Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations, including Palestinians and Syrians. Pairwise differentiation tests further indicated that these Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations were not statistically different. The results support the hypothesis that the paternal gene pools of Jewish communities from Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East descended from a common Middle Eastern ancestral population, and suggest that most Jewish communities have remained relatively isolated from neighboring non-Jewish communities during and after the Diaspora. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.100115997 |
| format | article |
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F. ; Redd, A. J. ; Wood, E. T. ; Bonner, M. R. ; Jarjanazi, H. ; Karafet, T. ; Santachiara-Benerecetti, S. ; Oppenheim, A. ; Jobling, M. A. ; Jenkins, T. ; Ostrer, H. ; Bonne-Tamir, B.</creator><creatorcontrib>Hammer, M. F. ; Redd, A. J. ; Wood, E. T. ; Bonner, M. R. ; Jarjanazi, H. ; Karafet, T. ; Santachiara-Benerecetti, S. ; Oppenheim, A. ; Jobling, M. A. ; Jenkins, T. ; Ostrer, H. ; Bonne-Tamir, B.</creatorcontrib><description>Haplotypes constructed from Y-chromosome markers were used to trace the paternal origins of the Jewish Diaspora. A set of 18 biallelic polymorphisms was genotyped in 1,371 males from 29 populations, including 7 Jewish (Ashkenazi, Roman, North African, Kurdish, Near Eastern, Yemenite, and Ethiopian) and 16 non-Jewish groups from similar geographic locations. The Jewish populations were characterized by a diverse set of 13 haplotypes that were also present in non-Jewish populations from Africa, Asia, and Europe. A series of analyses was performed to address whether modern Jewish Y-chromosome diversity derives mainly from a common Middle Eastern source population or from admixture with neighboring non-Jewish populations during and after the Diaspora. Despite their long-term residence in different countries and isolation from one another, most Jewish populations were not significantly different from one another at the genetic level. Admixture estimates suggested low levels of European Y-chromosome gene flow into Ashkenazi and Roman Jewish communities. A multidimensional scaling plot placed six of the seven Jewish populations in a relatively tight cluster that was interspersed with Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations, including Palestinians and Syrians. Pairwise differentiation tests further indicated that these Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations were not statistically different. The results support the hypothesis that the paternal gene pools of Jewish communities from Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East descended from a common Middle Eastern ancestral population, and suggest that most Jewish communities have remained relatively isolated from neighboring non-Jewish communities during and after the Diaspora.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.100115997</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10801975</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</publisher><subject>Admixtures ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Biological Sciences ; Diaspora ; Evolutionary genetics ; Gene Pool ; Genetic variation ; Genetics ; Hammers ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Jewish culture ; Jewish diaspora ; Jewish people ; Jews - genetics ; Male ; Medical genetics ; Medical research ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population genetics ; Population geography ; Y Chromosome</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2000-06, Vol.97 (12), p.6769-6774</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1993-2000 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Jun 6, 2000</rights><rights>Copyright © The National Academy of Sciences 2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c559t-ece7bb194b4b9ec29b9f9ef1a4b44d0c5c50dd05c91318ba33bb1510dcaba03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c559t-ece7bb194b4b9ec29b9f9ef1a4b44d0c5c50dd05c91318ba33bb1510dcaba03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/97/12.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/122712$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/122712$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,733,786,790,891,27957,27958,53827,53829,58593,58826</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10801975$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hammer, M. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redd, A. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, E. T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonner, M. R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarjanazi, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karafet, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santachiara-Benerecetti, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oppenheim, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jobling, M. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jenkins, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ostrer, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonne-Tamir, B.</creatorcontrib><title>Jewish and Middle Eastern Non-Jewish Populations Share a Common Pool of Y-Chromosome Biallelic Haplotypes</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Haplotypes constructed from Y-chromosome markers were used to trace the paternal origins of the Jewish Diaspora. A set of 18 biallelic polymorphisms was genotyped in 1,371 males from 29 populations, including 7 Jewish (Ashkenazi, Roman, North African, Kurdish, Near Eastern, Yemenite, and Ethiopian) and 16 non-Jewish groups from similar geographic locations. The Jewish populations were characterized by a diverse set of 13 haplotypes that were also present in non-Jewish populations from Africa, Asia, and Europe. A series of analyses was performed to address whether modern Jewish Y-chromosome diversity derives mainly from a common Middle Eastern source population or from admixture with neighboring non-Jewish populations during and after the Diaspora. Despite their long-term residence in different countries and isolation from one another, most Jewish populations were not significantly different from one another at the genetic level. Admixture estimates suggested low levels of European Y-chromosome gene flow into Ashkenazi and Roman Jewish communities. A multidimensional scaling plot placed six of the seven Jewish populations in a relatively tight cluster that was interspersed with Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations, including Palestinians and Syrians. Pairwise differentiation tests further indicated that these Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations were not statistically different. 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F.</au><au>Redd, A. J.</au><au>Wood, E. T.</au><au>Bonner, M. R.</au><au>Jarjanazi, H.</au><au>Karafet, T.</au><au>Santachiara-Benerecetti, S.</au><au>Oppenheim, A.</au><au>Jobling, M. A.</au><au>Jenkins, T.</au><au>Ostrer, H.</au><au>Bonne-Tamir, B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Jewish and Middle Eastern Non-Jewish Populations Share a Common Pool of Y-Chromosome Biallelic Haplotypes</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>2000-06-06</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>97</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>6769</spage><epage>6774</epage><pages>6769-6774</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-2</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-1</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>Communicated by Arno G. Motulsky, University of Washington, Seattle, WA</notes><notes>M.F.H., A.J.R., and E.T.W. contributed equally to this work.</notes><notes>To whom reprint requests should be addressed at: Laboratory of Molecular Systematics and Evolution, Biosciences West Room 239, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. E-mail: mhammer@u.arizona.edu.</notes><abstract>Haplotypes constructed from Y-chromosome markers were used to trace the paternal origins of the Jewish Diaspora. A set of 18 biallelic polymorphisms was genotyped in 1,371 males from 29 populations, including 7 Jewish (Ashkenazi, Roman, North African, Kurdish, Near Eastern, Yemenite, and Ethiopian) and 16 non-Jewish groups from similar geographic locations. The Jewish populations were characterized by a diverse set of 13 haplotypes that were also present in non-Jewish populations from Africa, Asia, and Europe. A series of analyses was performed to address whether modern Jewish Y-chromosome diversity derives mainly from a common Middle Eastern source population or from admixture with neighboring non-Jewish populations during and after the Diaspora. Despite their long-term residence in different countries and isolation from one another, most Jewish populations were not significantly different from one another at the genetic level. Admixture estimates suggested low levels of European Y-chromosome gene flow into Ashkenazi and Roman Jewish communities. A multidimensional scaling plot placed six of the seven Jewish populations in a relatively tight cluster that was interspersed with Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations, including Palestinians and Syrians. Pairwise differentiation tests further indicated that these Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations were not statistically different. The results support the hypothesis that the paternal gene pools of Jewish communities from Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East descended from a common Middle Eastern ancestral population, and suggest that most Jewish communities have remained relatively isolated from neighboring non-Jewish communities during and after the Diaspora.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</pub><pmid>10801975</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.100115997</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Admixtures Base Sequence Biological Evolution Biological Sciences Diaspora Evolutionary genetics Gene Pool Genetic variation Genetics Hammers Haplotypes Humans Jewish culture Jewish diaspora Jewish people Jews - genetics Male Medical genetics Medical research Molecular Sequence Data Population genetics Population geography Y Chromosome |
| title | Jewish and Middle Eastern Non-Jewish Populations Share a Common Pool of Y-Chromosome Biallelic Haplotypes |
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