The CAD Triad Hypothesis: A Mapping Between Three Moral Emotions (Contempt, Anger, Disgust) and Three Moral Codes (Community, Autonomy, Divinity)

It is proposed that 3 emotions-contempt, anger, and disgust-are typically elicited, across cultures, by violations of 3 moral codes proposed by R. A. Shweder and his colleagues ( R. A. Shweder, N. C. Much, M. Mahapatra, & L. Park, 1997 ). The proposed alignment links anger to autonomy (individua...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personality and social psychology 1999-04, Vol.76 (4), p.574-586
Main Authors: Rozin, Paul, Lowery, Laura, Imada, Sumio, Haidt, Jonathan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anger
Autonomy
Autonomy (Government)
Behavior. Attitude
Biological and medical sciences
Communities
Community
Contempt
Cross Cultural Differences
Culture
Disgust
Emotions
Ethics
Facial Expression
Freedom
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hate
Human
Humans
Japan
Morality
Morals
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Social Cognition
Social psychology
Spirituality
United States
Violations
Vocabulary
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Summary:It is proposed that 3 emotions-contempt, anger, and disgust-are typically elicited, across cultures, by violations of 3 moral codes proposed by R. A. Shweder and his colleagues ( R. A. Shweder, N. C. Much, M. Mahapatra, & L. Park, 1997 ). The proposed alignment links anger to autonomy (individual rights violations), contempt to community (violation of communal codes, including hierarchy), and disgust to divinity (violations of purity-sanctity). This is the CAD triad hypothesis. Students in the United States and Japan were presented with descriptions of situations that involve 1 of the types of moral violations and asked to assign either an appropriate facial expression (from a set of 6) or an appropriate word ( contempt, anger, disgust, or their translations). Results generally supported the CAD triad hypothesis. Results were further confirmed by analysis of facial expressions actually made by Americans to the descriptions of these situations.
ISSN:0022-3514
1939-1315
DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.76.4.574