Electrocardiographic and genetic evaluation of giant jungle fowl, broilers, and their reciprocal crosses following unilateral bronchus occlusion

Electrocardiography is useful as a noninvasive technique for detecting right ventricular hypertrophy in birds developing pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS, ascites). The objective of this study was to identify every aspect of the Lead II ECG wave form (amplitude or...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Poultry science 1999, Vol.78 (1), p.125-134
Main Authors: Kirby, Y.K, Anthony, N.B, Hughes, J.D. Jr, McNew, R.W, Kirby, J.D, Wideman, R.F. Jr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
ascites
body weight
broiler chickens
bronchi
Bronchi - surgery
Chickens
Constriction
crossbred progeny
Crosses, Genetic
Electrocardiography
Female
gender differences
Genotype
heart rate
hypertension
Hypertension, Pulmonary - diagnosis
Hypertension, Pulmonary - genetics
Hypertension, Pulmonary - veterinary
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - diagnosis
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - etiology
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - veterinary
jungle fowls
lungs
Male
Poultry Diseases - etiology
Poultry Diseases - genetics
Poultry Diseases - physiopathology
ratios
surgery
ventricles
weight
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Summary:Electrocardiography is useful as a noninvasive technique for detecting right ventricular hypertrophy in birds developing pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS, ascites). The objective of this study was to identify every aspect of the Lead II ECG wave form (amplitude or duration) that can be correlated with right ventricular hypertrophy [increased right:total ventricular weight ratios (RV:TV)] indicative of PH across a broad genetic background. Sham operations were conducted, or PH was induced by occluding one extrapulmonary primary bronchus in 14-d-old chicks produced from matings of broilers (B x B), Giant Jungle Fowl (J x J), and their reciprocal crosses (B x J and J x B). Standard three-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded on Days 28 and 42, and final necropsies were conducted to evaluate the incidence of ascites, confirm sex, and obtain ventricular weights for calculating RV:TV. Ascites did not develop in the J x J, and one each of the B x J and J x B chicks developed ascites; consequently, only data from birds that did not develop ascites were compared. Heart rate was recorded, and the following amplitudes and durations were measured or calculated for three consecutive wave cycles of the Lead II ECG: base of R to the peak of R (RbR), peak of R to base of S (RS), base of S to peak of R' (SR'), S, peak of R' to base of R' (R'R'b), and base of S to peak of T (ST). Differences between the ECG of sham and bronchus clamp groups were more prominent in B x B and B x J than in J x B, and bronchus occlusion did not affect the ECG, growth, or RV:TV ratios of J x J. In contrast, sex influences were more prominent in J x J and J x B than in B x J and B x B. These observations suggest a paternal pattern of inheritance for Lead II ECG wave forms, with crosses sired by broilers (B x B, B x J) exhibiting susceptibility to PH and few ECG differences related to sex, whereas crosses sired by Giant Jungle Fowl (J x J, J x B) exhibited resistance to PH and numerous ECG differences related to sex.
ISSN:0032-5791
1525-3171
DOI:10.1093/ps/78.1.125