Loading…
Evolution of contingent altruism when cooperation is expensive
The ubiquity of cooperation has motivated a major research program over the last 50 years to discover ever more minimal conditions for the evolution of altruism. One important line of work is based on favoritism toward those who appear to be close relatives. Another important line is based on contin...
Saved in:
Published in: | Theoretical population biology 2006-05, Vol.69 (3), p.333-338 |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3 |
---|---|
cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3 |
container_end_page | 338 |
container_issue | 3 |
container_start_page | 333 |
container_title | Theoretical population biology |
container_volume | 69 |
creator | Hammond, Ross A. Axelrod, Robert |
description | The ubiquity of cooperation has motivated a major research program over the last 50 years to discover ever more minimal conditions for the evolution of altruism. One important line of work is based on favoritism toward those who appear to be close relatives. Another important line is based on continuing interactions, whether between individuals (e.g., reciprocity) or between lines of descent in a viscous population. Here, we use an agent-based model to demonstrate a new mechanism that combines both lines of work to show when and how favoritism toward apparently similar others can evolve in the first place. The mechanism is the joint operation of viscosity and of tags (heritable, observable, and initially arbitrary characteristics), which serve as weak and potentially deceptive indicators of relatedness. Although tags are insufficient to support cooperation alone, we show that this joint mechanism vastly increases the range of environments in which contingent altruism can evolve in viscous populations. Even though our model is quite simple, the subtle dynamics underlying our results are not tractable using formal analytic tools (such as analysis of evolutionarily stable strategies), but are amenable to agent-based simulation. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.tpb.2005.12.002 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67857071</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0040580905001656</els_id><sourcerecordid>17172694</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkE9r3DAQR0VpSLZJPkAvxafc7M7IsmQTCISQ_oFAL8lZSNao1eK1XMnett--Tncht_Q0h3m_d3iMvUeoEFB-3FbzZCsO0FTIKwD-hm0QOllCzZu3bAMgoGxa6M7Yu5y3ANBiXZ-yM5SCKwS5YTf3-zgsc4hjEX3Rx3EO43ca58IMc1pC3hW_ftC4PuJEyfzjQi7o90RjDnu6YCfeDJkuj_ecPX26f7z7Uj58-_z17vah7IVo59Ja6XvZOVBKWOs6Zb33xrc1QiOaxnqBSkrbCG6l6YSojXOOOq6sw9p0tj5nVwfvlOLPhfKsdyH3NAxmpLhkLVXbKFD4XxAVKi47sYJ4APsUc07k9ZTCzqQ_GkE_19VbvdbVz3U1cr3WXTcfjvLF7si9LI45V-D6ANDaYh8o6dwHGntyIVE_axfDK_q_eVKLKg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>17172694</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Evolution of contingent altruism when cooperation is expensive</title><source>ScienceDirect Freedom Collection</source><creator>Hammond, Ross A. ; Axelrod, Robert</creator><creatorcontrib>Hammond, Ross A. ; Axelrod, Robert</creatorcontrib><description>The ubiquity of cooperation has motivated a major research program over the last 50 years to discover ever more minimal conditions for the evolution of altruism. One important line of work is based on favoritism toward those who appear to be close relatives. Another important line is based on continuing interactions, whether between individuals (e.g., reciprocity) or between lines of descent in a viscous population. Here, we use an agent-based model to demonstrate a new mechanism that combines both lines of work to show when and how favoritism toward apparently similar others can evolve in the first place. The mechanism is the joint operation of viscosity and of tags (heritable, observable, and initially arbitrary characteristics), which serve as weak and potentially deceptive indicators of relatedness. Although tags are insufficient to support cooperation alone, we show that this joint mechanism vastly increases the range of environments in which contingent altruism can evolve in viscous populations. Even though our model is quite simple, the subtle dynamics underlying our results are not tractable using formal analytic tools (such as analysis of evolutionarily stable strategies), but are amenable to agent-based simulation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0040-5809</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-0325</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2005.12.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16427106</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Altruism ; Armpit effect ; Biological Evolution ; Competitive Behavior ; Cooperative Behavior ; Environment ; Evolution of cooperation ; Evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) ; Family ; Game Theory ; Genetics, Population ; Hamilton's rule ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Kin recognition ; Models, Theoretical ; Pedigree ; Population Dynamics ; Prisoner's dilemma ; Reciprocity ; Viscous population</subject><ispartof>Theoretical population biology, 2006-05, Vol.69 (3), p.333-338</ispartof><rights>2005 Elsevier Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16427106$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hammond, Ross A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Axelrod, Robert</creatorcontrib><title>Evolution of contingent altruism when cooperation is expensive</title><title>Theoretical population biology</title><addtitle>Theor Popul Biol</addtitle><description>The ubiquity of cooperation has motivated a major research program over the last 50 years to discover ever more minimal conditions for the evolution of altruism. One important line of work is based on favoritism toward those who appear to be close relatives. Another important line is based on continuing interactions, whether between individuals (e.g., reciprocity) or between lines of descent in a viscous population. Here, we use an agent-based model to demonstrate a new mechanism that combines both lines of work to show when and how favoritism toward apparently similar others can evolve in the first place. The mechanism is the joint operation of viscosity and of tags (heritable, observable, and initially arbitrary characteristics), which serve as weak and potentially deceptive indicators of relatedness. Although tags are insufficient to support cooperation alone, we show that this joint mechanism vastly increases the range of environments in which contingent altruism can evolve in viscous populations. Even though our model is quite simple, the subtle dynamics underlying our results are not tractable using formal analytic tools (such as analysis of evolutionarily stable strategies), but are amenable to agent-based simulation.</description><subject>Altruism</subject><subject>Armpit effect</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Competitive Behavior</subject><subject>Cooperative Behavior</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Evolution of cooperation</subject><subject>Evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS)</subject><subject>Family</subject><subject>Game Theory</subject><subject>Genetics, Population</subject><subject>Hamilton's rule</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Interpersonal Relations</subject><subject>Kin recognition</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Pedigree</subject><subject>Population Dynamics</subject><subject>Prisoner's dilemma</subject><subject>Reciprocity</subject><subject>Viscous population</subject><issn>0040-5809</issn><issn>1096-0325</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE9r3DAQR0VpSLZJPkAvxafc7M7IsmQTCISQ_oFAL8lZSNao1eK1XMnett--Tncht_Q0h3m_d3iMvUeoEFB-3FbzZCsO0FTIKwD-hm0QOllCzZu3bAMgoGxa6M7Yu5y3ANBiXZ-yM5SCKwS5YTf3-zgsc4hjEX3Rx3EO43ca58IMc1pC3hW_ftC4PuJEyfzjQi7o90RjDnu6YCfeDJkuj_ecPX26f7z7Uj58-_z17vah7IVo59Ja6XvZOVBKWOs6Zb33xrc1QiOaxnqBSkrbCG6l6YSojXOOOq6sw9p0tj5nVwfvlOLPhfKsdyH3NAxmpLhkLVXbKFD4XxAVKi47sYJ4APsUc07k9ZTCzqQ_GkE_19VbvdbVz3U1cr3WXTcfjvLF7si9LI45V-D6ANDaYh8o6dwHGntyIVE_axfDK_q_eVKLKg</recordid><startdate>20060501</startdate><enddate>20060501</enddate><creator>Hammond, Ross A.</creator><creator>Axelrod, Robert</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060501</creationdate><title>Evolution of contingent altruism when cooperation is expensive</title><author>Hammond, Ross A. ; Axelrod, Robert</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Altruism</topic><topic>Armpit effect</topic><topic>Biological Evolution</topic><topic>Competitive Behavior</topic><topic>Cooperative Behavior</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Evolution of cooperation</topic><topic>Evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS)</topic><topic>Family</topic><topic>Game Theory</topic><topic>Genetics, Population</topic><topic>Hamilton's rule</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Interpersonal Relations</topic><topic>Kin recognition</topic><topic>Models, Theoretical</topic><topic>Pedigree</topic><topic>Population Dynamics</topic><topic>Prisoner's dilemma</topic><topic>Reciprocity</topic><topic>Viscous population</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hammond, Ross A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Axelrod, Robert</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Theoretical population biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hammond, Ross A.</au><au>Axelrod, Robert</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evolution of contingent altruism when cooperation is expensive</atitle><jtitle>Theoretical population biology</jtitle><addtitle>Theor Popul Biol</addtitle><date>2006-05-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>333</spage><epage>338</epage><pages>333-338</pages><issn>0040-5809</issn><eissn>1096-0325</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>The ubiquity of cooperation has motivated a major research program over the last 50 years to discover ever more minimal conditions for the evolution of altruism. One important line of work is based on favoritism toward those who appear to be close relatives. Another important line is based on continuing interactions, whether between individuals (e.g., reciprocity) or between lines of descent in a viscous population. Here, we use an agent-based model to demonstrate a new mechanism that combines both lines of work to show when and how favoritism toward apparently similar others can evolve in the first place. The mechanism is the joint operation of viscosity and of tags (heritable, observable, and initially arbitrary characteristics), which serve as weak and potentially deceptive indicators of relatedness. Although tags are insufficient to support cooperation alone, we show that this joint mechanism vastly increases the range of environments in which contingent altruism can evolve in viscous populations. Even though our model is quite simple, the subtle dynamics underlying our results are not tractable using formal analytic tools (such as analysis of evolutionarily stable strategies), but are amenable to agent-based simulation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>16427106</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.tpb.2005.12.002</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0040-5809 |
ispartof | Theoretical population biology, 2006-05, Vol.69 (3), p.333-338 |
issn | 0040-5809 1096-0325 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67857071 |
source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection |
subjects | Altruism Armpit effect Biological Evolution Competitive Behavior Cooperative Behavior Environment Evolution of cooperation Evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) Family Game Theory Genetics, Population Hamilton's rule Humans Interpersonal Relations Kin recognition Models, Theoretical Pedigree Population Dynamics Prisoner's dilemma Reciprocity Viscous population |
title | Evolution of contingent altruism when cooperation is expensive |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-09-21T02%3A57%3A59IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evolution%20of%20contingent%20altruism%20when%20cooperation%20is%20expensive&rft.jtitle=Theoretical%20population%20biology&rft.au=Hammond,%20Ross%20A.&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=333&rft.epage=338&rft.pages=333-338&rft.issn=0040-5809&rft.eissn=1096-0325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.tpb.2005.12.002&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E17172694%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-bb6fc69d0774bbd97bfffaf83105455bf41766b542b6a9443addde927bd13a9b3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=17172694&rft_id=info:pmid/16427106&rfr_iscdi=true |