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Depression increases risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract Objective This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age. Methods We used a retrospective cohort study of 15,634 patients with RA....
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| Published in: | General hospital psychiatry 2009-07, Vol.31 (4), p.353-359 |
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| creator | Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D Zeringue, Angelique, M.S Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D Johnson, Robert G., M.D True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H Carney, Robert M., Ph.D Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D Xian, Hong, Ph.D Caplan, Liron, M.D McDonald, Jay, M.D Eisen, Seth A., M.D |
| description | Abstract Objective This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age. Methods We used a retrospective cohort study of 15,634 patients with RA. Diagnoses and sociodemographic data were obtained from VA administrative and pharmacy databases between fiscal years 1999 and 2006. Entry into the cohort required 2 years of patient time with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent covariates were computed to determine whether RA patients with depression as compared to RA patients without depression were at increased risk for MI during the maximum 6-year follow-up period. Results Unadjusted analyses indicated depressed RA patients were 1.4 times more likely than nondepressed RA patients to have an MI during follow-up. These results remained significant (HR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–1.8) in the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model which included the effects of sociodemographics and known physical risks (e.g., diabetes) for MI. Conclusions Depressed RA patients, without a history of cardiovascular disease, are 40% more likely to have a heart attack as compared to those without depression. These data demonstrate a rapid (within 6 years) transition to MI following onset of depression in RA patients. Increased monitoring of depression and heart disease status in this patient population may be warranted which in turn may result in longer duration of life. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.04.001 |
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| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67420488</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S0163834309000590</els_id><sourcerecordid>67420488</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-e8d98be40105522766d5f3227ee2f5a6fa2577811ba822973d3cf0fafb4ec2eb3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkluL1TAQgIso7nH1L0gR3LfW3HqJD8Ky6w0WfPDyGtJ0ss3ZtqmZVDngjzf1HFR88mnC5JuZ8GWy7BklJSW0frEvb2EePC4LHsxQMkJkSURJCL2X7Wjb8KJpqLif7RLMi5YLfpY9QtwTQipW8YfZGZVVVTWy3mU_rmEJgOj8nLvZBNAImAeHd7m3W8b1MMd8OnijQ-_0mHJWBxO3Aj35-Tb_AhGCnjG_7Cc3O4xB_7pdUki1mH93ccjDAOuko3d9rkMcgosOH2cPrB4Rnpziefb5zetPV--Kmw9v319d3hRGSBELaHvZdiAIJVXFWFPXfWV5OgAwW-naalY1TUtpp1vGZMN7biyx2nYCDIOOn2cXx75L8F9XwKgmhwbGUc_gV1R1IxgRbZvAl0fQBI8YwKoluEmHg6JEbe7VXv3tXm3uFREquU_FT09T1m6C_k_pSXYCnp8AjUaPNkkzDn9zjNZSypok7vrIQXLyzUFQaJJJA70LYKLqvfu_97z6p40Z0_-kyXdwANz7NczJuqIKmSLq47Yt27IQuS2KJPwnPH7CiA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>67420488</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Depression increases risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis</title><source>ScienceDirect Freedom Collection</source><creator>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D ; Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D ; Zeringue, Angelique, M.S ; Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D ; Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D ; Johnson, Robert G., M.D ; True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H ; Carney, Robert M., Ph.D ; Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D ; Xian, Hong, Ph.D ; Caplan, Liron, M.D ; McDonald, Jay, M.D ; Eisen, Seth A., M.D</creator><creatorcontrib>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D ; Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D ; Zeringue, Angelique, M.S ; Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D ; Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D ; Johnson, Robert G., M.D ; True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H ; Carney, Robert M., Ph.D ; Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D ; Xian, Hong, Ph.D ; Caplan, Liron, M.D ; McDonald, Jay, M.D ; Eisen, Seth A., M.D</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Objective This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age. Methods We used a retrospective cohort study of 15,634 patients with RA. Diagnoses and sociodemographic data were obtained from VA administrative and pharmacy databases between fiscal years 1999 and 2006. Entry into the cohort required 2 years of patient time with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent covariates were computed to determine whether RA patients with depression as compared to RA patients without depression were at increased risk for MI during the maximum 6-year follow-up period. Results Unadjusted analyses indicated depressed RA patients were 1.4 times more likely than nondepressed RA patients to have an MI during follow-up. These results remained significant (HR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–1.8) in the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model which included the effects of sociodemographics and known physical risks (e.g., diabetes) for MI. Conclusions Depressed RA patients, without a history of cardiovascular disease, are 40% more likely to have a heart attack as compared to those without depression. These data demonstrate a rapid (within 6 years) transition to MI following onset of depression in RA patients. Increased monitoring of depression and heart disease status in this patient population may be warranted which in turn may result in longer duration of life.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0163-8343</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7714</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.04.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19555796</identifier><identifier>CODEN: GHPSDB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - complications ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Comorbidity ; Coronary heart disease ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder - complications ; Depressive Disorder - diagnosis ; Diseases of the osteoarticular system ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory joint diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mood disorders ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial infarction ; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology ; Myocardial Infarction - etiology ; Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies ; Population Surveillance ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Retrospective Studies ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States ; United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; Veterans ; Veterans - statistics & numerical data</subject><ispartof>General hospital psychiatry, 2009-07, Vol.31 (4), p.353-359</ispartof><rights>2009</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-e8d98be40105522766d5f3227ee2f5a6fa2577811ba822973d3cf0fafb4ec2eb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-e8d98be40105522766d5f3227ee2f5a6fa2577811ba822973d3cf0fafb4ec2eb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,783,787,27936,27937</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21699960$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19555796$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeringue, Angelique, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Robert G., M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carney, Robert M., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xian, Hong, Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caplan, Liron, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDonald, Jay, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eisen, Seth A., M.D</creatorcontrib><title>Depression increases risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis</title><title>General hospital psychiatry</title><addtitle>Gen Hosp Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Abstract Objective This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age. Methods We used a retrospective cohort study of 15,634 patients with RA. Diagnoses and sociodemographic data were obtained from VA administrative and pharmacy databases between fiscal years 1999 and 2006. Entry into the cohort required 2 years of patient time with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent covariates were computed to determine whether RA patients with depression as compared to RA patients without depression were at increased risk for MI during the maximum 6-year follow-up period. Results Unadjusted analyses indicated depressed RA patients were 1.4 times more likely than nondepressed RA patients to have an MI during follow-up. These results remained significant (HR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–1.8) in the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model which included the effects of sociodemographics and known physical risks (e.g., diabetes) for MI. Conclusions Depressed RA patients, without a history of cardiovascular disease, are 40% more likely to have a heart attack as compared to those without depression. These data demonstrate a rapid (within 6 years) transition to MI following onset of depression in RA patients. Increased monitoring of depression and heart disease status in this patient population may be warranted which in turn may result in longer duration of life.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - complications</subject><subject>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis</subject><subject>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - complications</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - diagnosis</subject><subject>Diseases of the osteoarticular system</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammatory joint diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mood disorders</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Myocardial infarction</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - etiology</subject><subject>Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies</subject><subject>Population Surveillance</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Rheumatoid arthritis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>United States Department of Veterans Affairs</subject><subject>Veterans</subject><subject>Veterans - statistics & numerical data</subject><issn>0163-8343</issn><issn>1873-7714</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkluL1TAQgIso7nH1L0gR3LfW3HqJD8Ky6w0WfPDyGtJ0ss3ZtqmZVDngjzf1HFR88mnC5JuZ8GWy7BklJSW0frEvb2EePC4LHsxQMkJkSURJCL2X7Wjb8KJpqLif7RLMi5YLfpY9QtwTQipW8YfZGZVVVTWy3mU_rmEJgOj8nLvZBNAImAeHd7m3W8b1MMd8OnijQ-_0mHJWBxO3Aj35-Tb_AhGCnjG_7Cc3O4xB_7pdUki1mH93ccjDAOuko3d9rkMcgosOH2cPrB4Rnpziefb5zetPV--Kmw9v319d3hRGSBELaHvZdiAIJVXFWFPXfWV5OgAwW-naalY1TUtpp1vGZMN7biyx2nYCDIOOn2cXx75L8F9XwKgmhwbGUc_gV1R1IxgRbZvAl0fQBI8YwKoluEmHg6JEbe7VXv3tXm3uFREquU_FT09T1m6C_k_pSXYCnp8AjUaPNkkzDn9zjNZSypok7vrIQXLyzUFQaJJJA70LYKLqvfu_97z6p40Z0_-kyXdwANz7NczJuqIKmSLq47Yt27IQuS2KJPwnPH7CiA</recordid><startdate>20090701</startdate><enddate>20090701</enddate><creator>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D</creator><creator>Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D</creator><creator>Zeringue, Angelique, M.S</creator><creator>Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D</creator><creator>Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D</creator><creator>Johnson, Robert G., M.D</creator><creator>True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H</creator><creator>Carney, Robert M., Ph.D</creator><creator>Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D</creator><creator>Xian, Hong, Ph.D</creator><creator>Caplan, Liron, M.D</creator><creator>McDonald, Jay, M.D</creator><creator>Eisen, Seth A., M.D</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090701</creationdate><title>Depression increases risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis</title><author>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D ; Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D ; Zeringue, Angelique, M.S ; Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D ; Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D ; Johnson, Robert G., M.D ; True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H ; Carney, Robert M., Ph.D ; Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D ; Xian, Hong, Ph.D ; Caplan, Liron, M.D ; McDonald, Jay, M.D ; Eisen, Seth A., M.D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-e8d98be40105522766d5f3227ee2f5a6fa2577811ba822973d3cf0fafb4ec2eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - complications</topic><topic>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis</topic><topic>Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Coronary heart disease</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - complications</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - diagnosis</topic><topic>Diseases of the osteoarticular system</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammatory joint diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mood disorders</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Myocardial infarction</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - etiology</topic><topic>Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies</topic><topic>Population Surveillance</topic><topic>Proportional Hazards Models</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Rheumatoid arthritis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>United States Department of Veterans Affairs</topic><topic>Veterans</topic><topic>Veterans - statistics & numerical data</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeringue, Angelique, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Robert G., M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carney, Robert M., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xian, Hong, Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caplan, Liron, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDonald, Jay, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eisen, Seth A., M.D</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>General hospital psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Scherrer, Jeffrey F., Ph.D</au><au>Virgo, Katherine S., Ph.D</au><au>Zeringue, Angelique, M.S</au><au>Bucholz, Kathleen K., Ph.D</au><au>Jacob, Theodore, Ph.D</au><au>Johnson, Robert G., M.D</au><au>True, William R., Ph.D., M.P.H</au><au>Carney, Robert M., Ph.D</au><au>Freedland, Kenneth E., Ph.D</au><au>Xian, Hong, Ph.D</au><au>Caplan, Liron, M.D</au><au>McDonald, Jay, M.D</au><au>Eisen, Seth A., M.D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Depression increases risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis</atitle><jtitle>General hospital psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>Gen Hosp Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2009-07-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>353</spage><epage>359</epage><pages>353-359</pages><issn>0163-8343</issn><eissn>1873-7714</eissn><coden>GHPSDB</coden><abstract>Abstract Objective This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age. Methods We used a retrospective cohort study of 15,634 patients with RA. Diagnoses and sociodemographic data were obtained from VA administrative and pharmacy databases between fiscal years 1999 and 2006. Entry into the cohort required 2 years of patient time with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent covariates were computed to determine whether RA patients with depression as compared to RA patients without depression were at increased risk for MI during the maximum 6-year follow-up period. Results Unadjusted analyses indicated depressed RA patients were 1.4 times more likely than nondepressed RA patients to have an MI during follow-up. These results remained significant (HR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–1.8) in the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model which included the effects of sociodemographics and known physical risks (e.g., diabetes) for MI. Conclusions Depressed RA patients, without a history of cardiovascular disease, are 40% more likely to have a heart attack as compared to those without depression. These data demonstrate a rapid (within 6 years) transition to MI following onset of depression in RA patients. Increased monitoring of depression and heart disease status in this patient population may be warranted which in turn may result in longer duration of life.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>19555796</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.04.001</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Aged Arthritis, Rheumatoid - complications Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy Biological and medical sciences Cardiology. Vascular system Comorbidity Coronary heart disease Depression Depressive Disorder - complications Depressive Disorder - diagnosis Diseases of the osteoarticular system Female Follow-Up Studies Heart Humans Incidence Inflammation Inflammatory joint diseases Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Mood disorders Multivariate Analysis Myocardial infarction Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology Myocardial Infarction - etiology Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies Population Surveillance Proportional Hazards Models Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Retrospective Studies Rheumatoid arthritis Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Socioeconomic Factors United States United States Department of Veterans Affairs Veterans Veterans - statistics & numerical data |
| title | Depression increases risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis |
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