Quick knockdown results in high mortality: is this theory correct? A case study with phosphine and the red flour beetle

BACKGROUND The fumigant phosphine is used all over the world for disinfestation of stored grains and commodities. Adults of 23 different populations of Tribolium castaneum from 10 different countries were evaluated for phosphine resistance using a modification of the Detia Degesch Phosphine Toleranc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pest management science 2023-10, Vol.79 (10), p.3740-3748
Main Authors: Sakka, Maria K., Nakas, Christos T., Bochtis, Dionysis, Athanassiou, Christos G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Data recovery
Exposure
Grain storage
knockdown
mortality
Pest control
Pest resistance
Phosphine
Phosphines
Populations
resistance
stored product insects
Tribolium castaneum
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Summary:BACKGROUND The fumigant phosphine is used all over the world for disinfestation of stored grains and commodities. Adults of 23 different populations of Tribolium castaneum from 10 different countries were evaluated for phosphine resistance using a modification of the Detia Degesch Phosphine Tolerance Test Kit (DDPTTK). Adults were exposed to 3000 ppm and recorded for 5–270 min for their mobility. RESULTS Among the tested populations, high levels of phosphine resistance were recorded in populations from Brazil, Serbia, and Spain. No survivals were recorded after 7 days post exposure for eight of 23 in a tested population. CONCLUSIONS Our work revealed four scenarios: 1, quick knockdown–low (or no) recovery; 2, Slow knockdown–high recovery; 3, Quick knockdown–high recovery; and 4, Slow knockdown–low recovery. Our data indicate that post exposure period is critical for the evaluation and characterization of phosphine resistance. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Twenty‐three different populations of Tribolium castaneum were evaluated for phosphine resistance using a modification of Detia Degesch Phosphine Tolerance Test Kit (DDPTTK).
ISSN:1526-498X
1526-4998
DOI:10.1002/ps.7555