Osteosarcoma Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft (PDOX) Models Used to Identify Novel and Effective Therapeutics: A Review

Background/Aim: Recurrent osteosarcoma is recalcitrant with poor response rates to first-line chemotherapy due to heterogeneity and metastatic potential. This disease requires novel drug discovery and precision treatment. Materials and Methods: The osteosarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anticancer research 2021-12, Vol.41 (12), p.5865-5871
Main Authors: HIGUCHI, TAKASHI, IGARASHI, KENTARO, YAMAMOTO, NORIO, HAYASHI, KATSUHIRO, KIMURA, HIROAKI, MIWA, SHINJI, BOUVET, MICHAEL, TSUCHIYA, HIROYUKI, HOFFMAN, ROBERT M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Biomedical materials
Bone cancer
Chemotherapy
Doxorubicin
Drug resistance
Health services
Heterogeneity
Irinotecan
Metastases
Osteosarcoma
Patients
Sarcoma
Temozolomide
Xenografts
Xenotransplantation
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Summary:Background/Aim: Recurrent osteosarcoma is recalcitrant with poor response rates to first-line chemotherapy due to heterogeneity and metastatic potential. This disease requires novel drug discovery and precision treatment. Materials and Methods: The osteosarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model mimics the clinical disease and has identified effective clinically-approved drugs and experimental agents, especially drug combinations, that hold much clinical promise. Results: Effective treatment for drug-resistant osteosarcoma includes regorafenib, as monotherapy, and temozolomide-irinotecan, trabectedin-irinotecan, sorafenib-everolimus, sorafenib-palbociclib, and olaratumab-doxorubicin-cisplatinum, as combinations. Conclusion: The PDOX model can be used to improve the outcome of osteosarcoma patients, including individualized, precision therapy.
ISSN:0250-7005
1791-7530
DOI:10.21873/anticanres.15406