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A comprehensive study to evaluate the wound healing potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit
Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been extensively used for the treatment of skin damage and subcutaneous tissue abscess for many years in Turkish folk medicine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of okra fruit by in vitro and in vivo experimental mo...
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| Published in: | Journal of ethnopharmacology 2022-04, Vol.287, p.114843-114843, Article 114843 |
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| creator | Sipahi, Hande Orak, Duygu Reis, Rengin Yalman, Kübra Şenol, Onur Palabiyik-Yücelik, Saziye Sezin Deniz, İnci Algül, Derya Guzelmeric, Etil Çelep, M. Engin Argin, Sanem Özkan, Ferda Halıcı, Zekai Aydın, Ahmet Yesilada, Erdem |
| description | Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been extensively used for the treatment of skin damage and subcutaneous tissue abscess for many years in Turkish folk medicine.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of okra fruit by in vitro and in vivo experimental models in detail. Furthermore, based on the results of experiments, a wound healing formulation was developed and its activity profile was studied.
For this purpose, the phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents and chemical profile of aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from okra fruits cultivated in two different locations of Turkey, i.e. Aegean and Kilis regions, were comparatively determined and the tryptophan levels, which is known to be an influential factor in wound healing, were measured. Antioxidant activity of the okra fruit extracts was determined by DPPH test, ABTS radical scavenger activity, iron-binding capacity, total antioxidant capacity and copper reduction capacity assays. Moreover, antibacterial activity potentials of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were determined. The protective effect of the extracts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activity were assessed in HDF (human dermal fibroblast) cells and in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, respectively. The biocompatibility of the gel formulations prepared with the best performing extract were evaluated by human Epiderm™ reconstituted skin irritation test model. Wound-healing activity was investigated in rats by in vivo excision model and, histopathological examination of tissues and gene expression levels of inflammation markers were also determined.
According to our findings, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were found to possess a rich in phenolic content. Besides, isoquercitrin was found to be a marker component in ethanolic extracts of okra fruits. Both extracts exhibited antioxidant activity with significant protective effect against H2O2-induced damage in HDF cells by diminishing the MDA level. Also, the highest dose of ethanolic extracts has displayed a potent anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Besides, both water and ethanolic extracts were shown to possess antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, the formulations prepared from the extracts were found non-irritant on in vitro Epiderm™-SIT. In vivo excision assay showed that tissue TGF-β and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased by the 5% okra |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114843 |
| format | article |
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In this study, we aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of okra fruit by in vitro and in vivo experimental models in detail. Furthermore, based on the results of experiments, a wound healing formulation was developed and its activity profile was studied.
For this purpose, the phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents and chemical profile of aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from okra fruits cultivated in two different locations of Turkey, i.e. Aegean and Kilis regions, were comparatively determined and the tryptophan levels, which is known to be an influential factor in wound healing, were measured. Antioxidant activity of the okra fruit extracts was determined by DPPH test, ABTS radical scavenger activity, iron-binding capacity, total antioxidant capacity and copper reduction capacity assays. Moreover, antibacterial activity potentials of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were determined. The protective effect of the extracts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activity were assessed in HDF (human dermal fibroblast) cells and in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, respectively. The biocompatibility of the gel formulations prepared with the best performing extract were evaluated by human Epiderm™ reconstituted skin irritation test model. Wound-healing activity was investigated in rats by in vivo excision model and, histopathological examination of tissues and gene expression levels of inflammation markers were also determined.
According to our findings, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were found to possess a rich in phenolic content. Besides, isoquercitrin was found to be a marker component in ethanolic extracts of okra fruits. Both extracts exhibited antioxidant activity with significant protective effect against H2O2-induced damage in HDF cells by diminishing the MDA level. Also, the highest dose of ethanolic extracts has displayed a potent anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Besides, both water and ethanolic extracts were shown to possess antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, the formulations prepared from the extracts were found non-irritant on in vitro Epiderm™-SIT. In vivo excision assay showed that tissue TGF-β and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased by the 5% okra ethanolic gel formulation. The histopathological analysis also demonstrated that collagenisation and granulation tissue maturation were found higher in 5% (w/v) okra ethanolic extract-treated group.
5% of okra ethanolic extract might be suggested as a potent wound healing agent based on the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory tests. The proposed activity was also confirmed by the histopathological findings and gene expression analysis.
[Display omitted]</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-8741</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-7573</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114843</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34801610</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Abelmoschus - chemistry ; Abelmoschus esculentus ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - isolation & purification ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology ; Antioxidant ; Antioxidants - isolation & purification ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemical profiling ; Epiderm ; Fibroblasts - drug effects ; Fruit ; Gel formulation ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Macrophages - drug effects ; Macrophages - pathology ; Male ; Medicine, Traditional ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Turkey ; Wound healing ; Wound Healing - drug effects</subject><ispartof>Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2022-04, Vol.287, p.114843-114843, Article 114843</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b591e12cba9a61b3e8174908840057107143a50c086f700cabea3b1df3e9838e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b591e12cba9a61b3e8174908840057107143a50c086f700cabea3b1df3e9838e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3499-6435 ; 0000-0001-9696-3271 ; 0000-0002-7059-812X ; 0000-0002-6239-6114 ; 0000-0002-9919-0582 ; 0000-0002-3278-1812 ; 0000-0001-6854-6059 ; 0000-0002-0252-396X ; 0000-0001-6482-3143 ; 0000-0002-9748-4325 ; 0000-0002-2811-2202 ; 0000-0002-6681-2058 ; 0000-0002-3484-2201 ; 0000-0003-4203-6135</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34801610$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sipahi, Hande</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Orak, Duygu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reis, Rengin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yalman, Kübra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Şenol, Onur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palabiyik-Yücelik, Saziye Sezin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deniz, İnci</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Algül, Derya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guzelmeric, Etil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çelep, M. Engin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Argin, Sanem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özkan, Ferda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halıcı, Zekai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aydın, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yesilada, Erdem</creatorcontrib><title>A comprehensive study to evaluate the wound healing potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit</title><title>Journal of ethnopharmacology</title><addtitle>J Ethnopharmacol</addtitle><description>Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been extensively used for the treatment of skin damage and subcutaneous tissue abscess for many years in Turkish folk medicine.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of okra fruit by in vitro and in vivo experimental models in detail. Furthermore, based on the results of experiments, a wound healing formulation was developed and its activity profile was studied.
For this purpose, the phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents and chemical profile of aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from okra fruits cultivated in two different locations of Turkey, i.e. Aegean and Kilis regions, were comparatively determined and the tryptophan levels, which is known to be an influential factor in wound healing, were measured. Antioxidant activity of the okra fruit extracts was determined by DPPH test, ABTS radical scavenger activity, iron-binding capacity, total antioxidant capacity and copper reduction capacity assays. Moreover, antibacterial activity potentials of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were determined. The protective effect of the extracts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activity were assessed in HDF (human dermal fibroblast) cells and in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, respectively. The biocompatibility of the gel formulations prepared with the best performing extract were evaluated by human Epiderm™ reconstituted skin irritation test model. Wound-healing activity was investigated in rats by in vivo excision model and, histopathological examination of tissues and gene expression levels of inflammation markers were also determined.
According to our findings, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were found to possess a rich in phenolic content. Besides, isoquercitrin was found to be a marker component in ethanolic extracts of okra fruits. Both extracts exhibited antioxidant activity with significant protective effect against H2O2-induced damage in HDF cells by diminishing the MDA level. Also, the highest dose of ethanolic extracts has displayed a potent anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Besides, both water and ethanolic extracts were shown to possess antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, the formulations prepared from the extracts were found non-irritant on in vitro Epiderm™-SIT. In vivo excision assay showed that tissue TGF-β and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased by the 5% okra ethanolic gel formulation. The histopathological analysis also demonstrated that collagenisation and granulation tissue maturation were found higher in 5% (w/v) okra ethanolic extract-treated group.
5% of okra ethanolic extract might be suggested as a potent wound healing agent based on the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory tests. The proposed activity was also confirmed by the histopathological findings and gene expression analysis.
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Engin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Argin, Sanem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özkan, Ferda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halıcı, Zekai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aydın, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yesilada, Erdem</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of ethnopharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sipahi, Hande</au><au>Orak, Duygu</au><au>Reis, Rengin</au><au>Yalman, Kübra</au><au>Şenol, Onur</au><au>Palabiyik-Yücelik, Saziye Sezin</au><au>Deniz, İnci</au><au>Algül, Derya</au><au>Guzelmeric, Etil</au><au>Çelep, M. Engin</au><au>Argin, Sanem</au><au>Özkan, Ferda</au><au>Halıcı, Zekai</au><au>Aydın, Ahmet</au><au>Yesilada, Erdem</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A comprehensive study to evaluate the wound healing potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit</atitle><jtitle>Journal of ethnopharmacology</jtitle><addtitle>J Ethnopharmacol</addtitle><date>2022-04-06</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>287</volume><spage>114843</spage><epage>114843</epage><pages>114843-114843</pages><artnum>114843</artnum><issn>0378-8741</issn><eissn>1872-7573</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been extensively used for the treatment of skin damage and subcutaneous tissue abscess for many years in Turkish folk medicine.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of okra fruit by in vitro and in vivo experimental models in detail. Furthermore, based on the results of experiments, a wound healing formulation was developed and its activity profile was studied.
For this purpose, the phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents and chemical profile of aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from okra fruits cultivated in two different locations of Turkey, i.e. Aegean and Kilis regions, were comparatively determined and the tryptophan levels, which is known to be an influential factor in wound healing, were measured. Antioxidant activity of the okra fruit extracts was determined by DPPH test, ABTS radical scavenger activity, iron-binding capacity, total antioxidant capacity and copper reduction capacity assays. Moreover, antibacterial activity potentials of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were determined. The protective effect of the extracts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activity were assessed in HDF (human dermal fibroblast) cells and in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, respectively. The biocompatibility of the gel formulations prepared with the best performing extract were evaluated by human Epiderm™ reconstituted skin irritation test model. Wound-healing activity was investigated in rats by in vivo excision model and, histopathological examination of tissues and gene expression levels of inflammation markers were also determined.
According to our findings, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of okra fruits were found to possess a rich in phenolic content. Besides, isoquercitrin was found to be a marker component in ethanolic extracts of okra fruits. Both extracts exhibited antioxidant activity with significant protective effect against H2O2-induced damage in HDF cells by diminishing the MDA level. Also, the highest dose of ethanolic extracts has displayed a potent anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Besides, both water and ethanolic extracts were shown to possess antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, the formulations prepared from the extracts were found non-irritant on in vitro Epiderm™-SIT. In vivo excision assay showed that tissue TGF-β and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased by the 5% okra ethanolic gel formulation. The histopathological analysis also demonstrated that collagenisation and granulation tissue maturation were found higher in 5% (w/v) okra ethanolic extract-treated group.
5% of okra ethanolic extract might be suggested as a potent wound healing agent based on the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory tests. The proposed activity was also confirmed by the histopathological findings and gene expression analysis.
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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0378-8741 |
| ispartof | Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2022-04, Vol.287, p.114843-114843, Article 114843 |
| issn | 0378-8741 1872-7573 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2600818529 |
| source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection |
| subjects | Abelmoschus - chemistry Abelmoschus esculentus Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents - isolation & purification Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Antioxidant Antioxidants - isolation & purification Antioxidants - pharmacology Cells, Cultured Chemical profiling Epiderm Fibroblasts - drug effects Fruit Gel formulation Humans Hydrogen Peroxide Macrophages - drug effects Macrophages - pathology Male Medicine, Traditional Mice Oxidative Stress - drug effects Plant Extracts - pharmacology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley RAW 264.7 Cells Turkey Wound healing Wound Healing - drug effects |
| title | A comprehensive study to evaluate the wound healing potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-09-22T08%3A41%3A13IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20comprehensive%20study%20to%20evaluate%20the%20wound%20healing%20potential%20of%20okra%20(Abelmoschus%20esculentus)%20fruit&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20ethnopharmacology&rft.au=Sipahi,%20Hande&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft.volume=287&rft.spage=114843&rft.epage=114843&rft.pages=114843-114843&rft.artnum=114843&rft.issn=0378-8741&rft.eissn=1872-7573&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114843&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2600818529%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b591e12cba9a61b3e8174908840057107143a50c086f700cabea3b1df3e9838e3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2600818529&rft_id=info:pmid/34801610&rfr_iscdi=true |