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Two B-box domain proteins, BBX28 and BBX29, regulate flowering time at low ambient temperature in Arabidopsis

Key message This paper demonstrates that BBX28 and BBX29 proteins in Arabidopsis promote flowering in association with the CO-FT regulatory module at low ambient temperature under LD conditions. Flowering plants integrate internal developmental signals with external environmental stimuli for precise...

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Published in:Plant molecular biology 2021-05, Vol.106 (1-2), p.21-32
Main Authors: Wang, Mei-Jing, Ding, Lan, Liu, Xue-Huan, Liu, Jian-Xiang
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Liu, Xue-Huan
Liu, Jian-Xiang
description Key message This paper demonstrates that BBX28 and BBX29 proteins in Arabidopsis promote flowering in association with the CO-FT regulatory module at low ambient temperature under LD conditions. Flowering plants integrate internal developmental signals with external environmental stimuli for precise flowering time control. The expression of BBX29 is up-regulated by low temperature treatment, but the biological function of BBX29 in low temperature response is unknown. In the current study, we examined the biological role of BBX29 and its close-related protein BBX28 in flowering time control under long-day conditions. Although neither BBX28 single mutant nor BBX29 single mutant has a flowering-associated phenotype, the bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants have an obvious delayed flowering phenotype grown at low ambient temperature (16°C) compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. The expression of FT and TSF was lower in bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants than in wild-type plants at 16°C. Both BBX28 and BBX29 interact with CONSTANS (CO), an important flowering integrator that directly binds to the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT ) promoter. In the effector-reporter assays, transcriptional activation activity of CO on the FT promoter was reduced in bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants compared to that in WT plants. Taken together, our results reveal that BBX28 and BBX29 are promoters of flowering in Arabidopsis, especially at low ambient temperature.
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Flowering plants integrate internal developmental signals with external environmental stimuli for precise flowering time control. The expression of BBX29 is up-regulated by low temperature treatment, but the biological function of BBX29 in low temperature response is unknown. In the current study, we examined the biological role of BBX29 and its close-related protein BBX28 in flowering time control under long-day conditions. Although neither BBX28 single mutant nor BBX29 single mutant has a flowering-associated phenotype, the bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants have an obvious delayed flowering phenotype grown at low ambient temperature (16°C) compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. The expression of FT and TSF was lower in bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants than in wild-type plants at 16°C. Both BBX28 and BBX29 interact with CONSTANS (CO), an important flowering integrator that directly binds to the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT ) promoter. 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Flowering plants integrate internal developmental signals with external environmental stimuli for precise flowering time control. The expression of BBX29 is up-regulated by low temperature treatment, but the biological function of BBX29 in low temperature response is unknown. In the current study, we examined the biological role of BBX29 and its close-related protein BBX28 in flowering time control under long-day conditions. Although neither BBX28 single mutant nor BBX29 single mutant has a flowering-associated phenotype, the bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants have an obvious delayed flowering phenotype grown at low ambient temperature (16°C) compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. The expression of FT and TSF was lower in bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants than in wild-type plants at 16°C. Both BBX28 and BBX29 interact with CONSTANS (CO), an important flowering integrator that directly binds to the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT ) promoter. In the effector-reporter assays, transcriptional activation activity of CO on the FT promoter was reduced in bbx28 bbx29 double mutant plants compared to that in WT plants. Taken together, our results reveal that BBX28 and BBX29 are promoters of flowering in Arabidopsis, especially at low ambient temperature.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>33554307</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11103-021-01123-1</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-1301</orcidid></addata></record>
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ispartof Plant molecular biology, 2021-05, Vol.106 (1-2), p.21-32
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subjects Ambient temperature
Amino Acid Sequence
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - physiology
Arabidopsis Proteins - chemistry
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Base Sequence
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Environmental effects
Flowering plants
Flowers - physiology
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Life Sciences
Loss of Function Mutation - genetics
Low temperature
Mutants
Phenotypes
Plant Pathology
Plant Sciences
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Protein Binding
Protein Domains
Temperature
Time Factors
Transcription activation
Transcription Factors - chemistry
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription Factors, General - chemistry
Transcription Factors, General - genetics
Transcription Factors, General - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
Up-Regulation - genetics
title Two B-box domain proteins, BBX28 and BBX29, regulate flowering time at low ambient temperature in Arabidopsis
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