Differential effects of alliin and allicin on apoptosis and senescence in luminal A and triple‐negative breast cancer: Caspase, ΔΨm, and pro‐apoptotic gene involvement

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, and drug resistance is common in all breast cancer types. The combination of natural products with chemotherapies has attracted attention, as it was found that natural compounds enhance the effects of standard cancer chemotherapeutic drug...

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Published in:Fundamental & clinical pharmacology 2020-12, Vol.34 (6), p.671-686
Main Authors: Rosas‐González, Vida Celeste, Téllez‐Bañuelos, Martha Cecilia, Hernández‐Flores, Georgina, Bravo‐Cuellar, Alejandro, Aguilar-Lemarroy, Adriana, Jave‐Suárez, Luis Felipe, Haramati, Jesse, Solorzano‐Ibarra, Fabiola, Ortiz‐Lazareno, Pablo Cesar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
allicin
alliin
Anticancer properties
Apoptosis
Breast cancer
Bromodeoxyuridine
Caspase
Cell death
Cell viability
clonogenic
Drug resistance
Evaluation
Flow cytometry
Garlic
Natural products
Pharmacology
Reagents
Senescence
senolytic
Side effects
Sulfur
Sulfur compounds
β-Galactosidase
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creator Rosas‐González, Vida Celeste
Téllez‐Bañuelos, Martha Cecilia
Hernández‐Flores, Georgina
Bravo‐Cuellar, Alejandro
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Jave‐Suárez, Luis Felipe
Haramati, Jesse
Solorzano‐Ibarra, Fabiola
Ortiz‐Lazareno, Pablo Cesar
description Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, and drug resistance is common in all breast cancer types. The combination of natural products with chemotherapies has attracted attention, as it was found that natural compounds enhance the effects of standard cancer chemotherapeutic drugs and protect from side effects. Into the different natural products, garlic has been recognized for its antitumor properties. It is suggested that its anticancer effects are associated with its organo‐sulfur compounds, especially alliin and allicin. Here, we evaluated the effects of both molecules on cell death, senescence, and their senolytic potential in luminal A and triple‐negative breast cancer cells. MCF‐7 (luminal A) and HCC‐70 (triple‐negative) cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of alliin or allicin. Then, cell viability was determined using the WST‐1 reagent. Apoptosis and caspase activity were evaluated by flow cytometry; ΔΨm was assessed using a JC‐10 fluorometric assay kit. Apoptosis‐related genes were evaluated by RT‐PCR. Proliferation was measured using bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. We also evaluated clonogenicity, senescence (β‐Galactosidase Staining), and the senolytic effect of the compounds. Our results showed that allicin has antiproliferative, anticlonogenic, and senolytic effects. In addition, allicin decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis by loss of ΔΨm, caspase‐3, caspase‐8, and caspase‐9 activation, upregulation of NOXA, P21, and BAK, as well as downregulation of BCL‐XL expression. Contrary to allicin, alliin promoted clonogenicity, induced senescence, and did not exhibit pro‐apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/fcp.12559
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ispartof Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 2020-12, Vol.34 (6), p.671-686
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subjects allicin
alliin
Anticancer properties
Apoptosis
Breast cancer
Bromodeoxyuridine
Caspase
Cell death
Cell viability
clonogenic
Drug resistance
Evaluation
Flow cytometry
Garlic
Natural products
Pharmacology
Reagents
Senescence
senolytic
Side effects
Sulfur
Sulfur compounds
β-Galactosidase
title Differential effects of alliin and allicin on apoptosis and senescence in luminal A and triple‐negative breast cancer: Caspase, ΔΨm, and pro‐apoptotic gene involvement
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