Seasonality of the dinoflagellate Amphidinium cf. carterae (Dinophyceae: Amphidiniales) in Bahía de la Paz, Gulf of California

Monthly phytoplankton samples were collected from January 2013 to December 2015 at a fixed sampling site in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California. During this study 26 samplings were Amphidinium cf. carterae positive. The highest densities of A. cf. carterae (754.2 × 103 to 1022.4 × 103 cells L−1) wer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine pollution bulletin 2019-09, Vol.146, p.532-541
Main Authors: Gárate-Lizárraga, Ismael, González-Armas, Rogelio, Verdugo-Díaz, Gerardo, Okolodkov, Yuri B., Pérez-Cruz, Beatriz, Díaz-Ortíz, Jesús Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amphidinium
Amphidiniumcarterae
Aquaculture
Benthos
Bloom
Blooms
Cysts
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Faecal pellets
Hyaline cysts
Ichthyotoxins
Microorganisms
Phytoplankton
Seasonal variation
Seasonal variations
Seasonality
Tychoplanktonic dinoflagellates
Water temperature
Zooplankton
Zooplankton fecal pellets
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Summary:Monthly phytoplankton samples were collected from January 2013 to December 2015 at a fixed sampling site in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California. During this study 26 samplings were Amphidinium cf. carterae positive. The highest densities of A. cf. carterae (754.2 × 103 to 1022.4 × 103 cells L−1) were recorded during a bloom detected in January 2015 when water temperatures were 20–22 °C. This dinoflagellate showed a well-marked seasonal variation, being found mainly from November to April. Blooms of the species were linked to the upwelled water due to the northwesterly wind. Cysts surrounded by a mucilaginous membrane of A. cf. carterae were found. We also observed these hyaline cysts inside zooplankton fecal pellets. Other benthic/tychoplanktonic dinoflagellates and diatoms, including some potentially toxic species were also found. The occurrence of blooms of A. cf. carterae in Bahía de La Paz could represent a risk for aquaculture activities and human health. •Amphidinium cf. carterae is a potentially toxic dinoflagellate in Mexican waters.•Its highest densities (1022.4 × 103 cells L−1) were recorded in January 2015.•Blooms of Amphidinium cf. carterae in Bahía de La Paz were found at 22 °C.•Blooms of the species are linked to the upwelled water due to the northwestern wind.•No apparent detrimental effects on the marine fauna were observed during the blooms.
ISSN:0025-326X
1879-3363
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.073