Occurrence and synoptic background of strong and very strong frost in spring and autumn in Central Europe

The objective of the paper was the determination of the circulation conditions of occurrence of strong and very strong frost in Central Europe. A frost day was defined as a day with the minimum temperature lower than 0 °C and maximum temperature higher than 0 °C. Moreover, a division of frost was pe...

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Published in:International journal of biometeorology 2020, Vol.64 (1), p.59-70
Main Authors: Tomczyk, Arkadiusz M., Szyga-Pluta, Katarzyna, Bednorz, Ewa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air masses
Air temperature
Animal Physiology
Anomalies
Atmospheric research
Autumn
Biological and Medical Physics
Biophysics
Cold Temperature
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental Health
Environmental management
Europe
Frost
Maximum temperatures
Meteorology
Minimum temperatures
Original Paper
Plant Physiology
Pressure
Sea level
Seasons
Spatial analysis
Spring (season)
Temperature
Temperature effects
Water management
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description The objective of the paper was the determination of the circulation conditions of occurrence of strong and very strong frost in Central Europe. A frost day was defined as a day with the minimum temperature lower than 0 °C and maximum temperature higher than 0 °C. Moreover, a division of frost was performed in terms of value of minimum temperature, resulting in the designation of mild frost (up to − 2.0 °C), moderate frost (from − 2.1 to − 4 °C), strong frost (from − 4.1 to − 6 °C) and very strong frost (< − 6 °C). The study was based on data from the years 1966–2015 from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute, Deutscher Wetterdienst and National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR). The analysis of baric conditions employed values of pressure at sea level, height of isobaric surface of 500 hPa and air temperature at a level of 850 hPa, as well as their anomalies. The spatial analysis showed that the number of frost days in spring and autumn increased from the west to the east of Central Europe. A decrease in the number of frost days, however, is observed over the prevailing area. Average conditions favouring the occurrence of strong and very strong frost both in spring and autumn were related to higher than average pressure at sea level over the prevailing area of the Euro-Atlantic sector. Such baric conditions caused advections of cool air masses from the northern sector.
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A decrease in the number of frost days, however, is observed over the prevailing area. Average conditions favouring the occurrence of strong and very strong frost both in spring and autumn were related to higher than average pressure at sea level over the prevailing area of the Euro-Atlantic sector. Such baric conditions caused advections of cool air masses from the northern sector.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>31515610</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00484-019-01793-z</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-8795</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Air masses
Air temperature
Animal Physiology
Anomalies
Atmospheric research
Autumn
Biological and Medical Physics
Biophysics
Cold Temperature
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental Health
Environmental management
Europe
Frost
Maximum temperatures
Meteorology
Minimum temperatures
Original Paper
Plant Physiology
Pressure
Sea level
Seasons
Spatial analysis
Spring (season)
Temperature
Temperature effects
Water management
title Occurrence and synoptic background of strong and very strong frost in spring and autumn in Central Europe
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