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The protective effect of klotho against contrast-associated acute kidney injury via the antioxidative effect
As oxidative stress is one major factor behind contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), we investigated the protective effect of klotho against CA-AKI via the antioxidative effect. In in vitro experiments, cells (NRK-52E) were divided into the following three groups: control, iopamidol, or...
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| Published in: | American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 2019-10, Vol.317 (4), p.F881-F889 |
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| container_end_page | F889 |
| container_issue | 4 |
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| container_title | American journal of physiology. Renal physiology |
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| creator | Oh, Hyung Jung Oh, Hyewon Nam, Bo Young You, Je Sung Ryu, Dong-Ryeol Kang, Shin-Wook Chung, Yong Eun |
| description | As oxidative stress is one major factor behind contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), we investigated the protective effect of klotho against CA-AKI via the antioxidative effect. In in vitro experiments, cells (NRK-52E) were divided into the following three groups: control, iopamidol, or iopamidol + recombinant klotho (rKL) groups. Moreover, cell viability was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and oxidative stress was examined with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence intensity. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to assess propidium iodide klotho expression, and Bax-to-Bcl-2 and apoptosis ratios were evaluated with annexin V/Hoechst 33342 staining. Furthermore, we knocked down the klotho gene using siRNA to verify the endogenous effect of klotho. In our in vivo experiments, oxidative stress was evaluated with the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance assay, and apoptosis was evaluated with the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. Additionally, cell and tissue morphology were investigated with transmission electron microscopy. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, mRNA and protein expression of klotho significantly decreased in CA-AKI mice compared with control mice, whereas oxidative stress and apoptosis markers were significantly increased in CA-AKI mice. However, rKL supplementation mitigated the elevated apoptotic markers and oxidative stress in the CA-AKI mouse model and improved cell viability. In contrast, oxidative stress and apoptotic markers were more aggravated when the klotho gene was knocked down. Moreover, we found more cytoplasmic vacuoles in the CA-AKI mouse model using transmission electron microscopy but fewer cytoplasmic vacuoles in rKL-supplemented cells. The present study shows that klotho in proximal tubular cells can protect against CA-AKI via an antioxidative effect. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2018 |
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In in vitro experiments, cells (NRK-52E) were divided into the following three groups: control, iopamidol, or iopamidol + recombinant klotho (rKL) groups. Moreover, cell viability was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and oxidative stress was examined with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence intensity. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to assess propidium iodide klotho expression, and Bax-to-Bcl-2 and apoptosis ratios were evaluated with annexin V/Hoechst 33342 staining. Furthermore, we knocked down the klotho gene using siRNA to verify the endogenous effect of klotho. In our in vivo experiments, oxidative stress was evaluated with the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance assay, and apoptosis was evaluated with the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. Additionally, cell and tissue morphology were investigated with transmission electron microscopy. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, mRNA and protein expression of klotho significantly decreased in CA-AKI mice compared with control mice, whereas oxidative stress and apoptosis markers were significantly increased in CA-AKI mice. However, rKL supplementation mitigated the elevated apoptotic markers and oxidative stress in the CA-AKI mouse model and improved cell viability. In contrast, oxidative stress and apoptotic markers were more aggravated when the klotho gene was knocked down. Moreover, we found more cytoplasmic vacuoles in the CA-AKI mouse model using transmission electron microscopy but fewer cytoplasmic vacuoles in rKL-supplemented cells. The present study shows that klotho in proximal tubular cells can protect against CA-AKI via an antioxidative effect.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1931-857X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1466</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31411071</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Physiological Society</publisher><subject>Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced ; Acute Kidney Injury - pathology ; Acute Kidney Injury - prevention & control ; Animals ; Annexin V ; Antioxidants - metabolism ; Apoptosis ; BAX protein ; Bcl-2 protein ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism ; Caspase ; Caspase 3 - metabolism ; Caspase-3 ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Cell viability ; Contrast Media - adverse effects ; Cytology ; Experiments ; Gene expression ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Glucuronidase - genetics ; Glucuronidase - metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Iopamidol - toxicity ; Kidneys ; Klotho protein ; mRNA ; Oxidative Stress ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Propidium iodide ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism ; Rats ; RNA, Small Interfering ; siRNA ; Supplements ; Thiobarbituric acid ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Vacuoles ; Vacuoles - pathology</subject><ispartof>American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2019-10, Vol.317 (4), p.F881-F889</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Physiological Society Oct 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c378t-2da57287f96d536567286728f3f782bae63e52930fa5a8a96140ad353dbd22cf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c378t-2da57287f96d536567286728f3f782bae63e52930fa5a8a96140ad353dbd22cf3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0811-9578</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31411071$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Oh, Hyung Jung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Hyewon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nam, Bo Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>You, Je Sung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryu, Dong-Ryeol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Shin-Wook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chung, Yong Eun</creatorcontrib><title>The protective effect of klotho against contrast-associated acute kidney injury via the antioxidative effect</title><title>American journal of physiology. Renal physiology</title><addtitle>Am J Physiol Renal Physiol</addtitle><description>As oxidative stress is one major factor behind contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), we investigated the protective effect of klotho against CA-AKI via the antioxidative effect. In in vitro experiments, cells (NRK-52E) were divided into the following three groups: control, iopamidol, or iopamidol + recombinant klotho (rKL) groups. Moreover, cell viability was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and oxidative stress was examined with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence intensity. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to assess propidium iodide klotho expression, and Bax-to-Bcl-2 and apoptosis ratios were evaluated with annexin V/Hoechst 33342 staining. Furthermore, we knocked down the klotho gene using siRNA to verify the endogenous effect of klotho. In our in vivo experiments, oxidative stress was evaluated with the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance assay, and apoptosis was evaluated with the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. Additionally, cell and tissue morphology were investigated with transmission electron microscopy. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, mRNA and protein expression of klotho significantly decreased in CA-AKI mice compared with control mice, whereas oxidative stress and apoptosis markers were significantly increased in CA-AKI mice. However, rKL supplementation mitigated the elevated apoptotic markers and oxidative stress in the CA-AKI mouse model and improved cell viability. In contrast, oxidative stress and apoptotic markers were more aggravated when the klotho gene was knocked down. Moreover, we found more cytoplasmic vacuoles in the CA-AKI mouse model using transmission electron microscopy but fewer cytoplasmic vacuoles in rKL-supplemented cells. The present study shows that klotho in proximal tubular cells can protect against CA-AKI via an antioxidative effect.</description><subject>Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced</subject><subject>Acute Kidney Injury - pathology</subject><subject>Acute Kidney Injury - prevention & control</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Annexin V</subject><subject>Antioxidants - metabolism</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>BAX protein</subject><subject>Bcl-2 protein</subject><subject>bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism</subject><subject>Caspase</subject><subject>Caspase 3 - metabolism</subject><subject>Caspase-3</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Cell Survival</subject><subject>Cell viability</subject><subject>Contrast Media - adverse effects</subject><subject>Cytology</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Knockdown Techniques</subject><subject>Glucuronidase - genetics</subject><subject>Glucuronidase - metabolism</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Iopamidol - toxicity</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Klotho protein</subject><subject>mRNA</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Propidium iodide</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>RNA, Small Interfering</subject><subject>siRNA</subject><subject>Supplements</subject><subject>Thiobarbituric acid</subject><subject>Transmission electron microscopy</subject><subject>Vacuoles</subject><subject>Vacuoles - pathology</subject><issn>1931-857X</issn><issn>1522-1466</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkU1LAzEQhoMoWqu_QJCAFy9b87HZzR5F_IKClwrelukmsanbTU2yxf57U9uKeBhmhnnmhZkXoQtKRpQKdgPzpdcdtCNCWFWOGKHyAA3ShGU0L4rDVFecZlKUbyfoNIQ5IYRSRo_RCac5paSkA9ROZhovvYu6iXalsTYmVdgZ_NG6OHMY3sF2IeLGddFDiBmE4BoLUSsMTR81_rCq02tsu3nv13hlAcekCV207ssq-CN7ho4MtEGf7_IQvT7cT-6esvHL4_Pd7ThreCljxhSIksnSVIUSvBBFajZhuCklm4IuuBas4sSAAAlVQXMCiguupoqxxvAhut7qpsM-ex1ivbCh0W0LnXZ9qBkrOeOMSJrQq3_o3PU-fXVDVVWeMyFloviWarwLwWtTL71dgF_XlNQbM-q9GfWPGfXGjLR1udPupwutfnf23-ffKsaIMA</recordid><startdate>20191001</startdate><enddate>20191001</enddate><creator>Oh, Hyung Jung</creator><creator>Oh, Hyewon</creator><creator>Nam, Bo Young</creator><creator>You, Je Sung</creator><creator>Ryu, Dong-Ryeol</creator><creator>Kang, Shin-Wook</creator><creator>Chung, Yong Eun</creator><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-9578</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191001</creationdate><title>The protective effect of klotho against contrast-associated acute kidney injury via the antioxidative effect</title><author>Oh, Hyung Jung ; Oh, Hyewon ; Nam, Bo Young ; You, Je Sung ; Ryu, Dong-Ryeol ; Kang, Shin-Wook ; Chung, Yong Eun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c378t-2da57287f96d536567286728f3f782bae63e52930fa5a8a96140ad353dbd22cf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced</topic><topic>Acute Kidney Injury - pathology</topic><topic>Acute Kidney Injury - prevention & control</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Annexin V</topic><topic>Antioxidants - metabolism</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>BAX protein</topic><topic>Bcl-2 protein</topic><topic>bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism</topic><topic>Caspase</topic><topic>Caspase 3 - metabolism</topic><topic>Caspase-3</topic><topic>Cell Line</topic><topic>Cell Survival</topic><topic>Cell viability</topic><topic>Contrast Media - adverse effects</topic><topic>Cytology</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Knockdown Techniques</topic><topic>Glucuronidase - genetics</topic><topic>Glucuronidase - metabolism</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Iopamidol - toxicity</topic><topic>Kidneys</topic><topic>Klotho protein</topic><topic>mRNA</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Propidium iodide</topic><topic>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>RNA, Small Interfering</topic><topic>siRNA</topic><topic>Supplements</topic><topic>Thiobarbituric acid</topic><topic>Transmission electron microscopy</topic><topic>Vacuoles</topic><topic>Vacuoles - pathology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Oh, Hyung Jung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Hyewon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nam, Bo Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>You, Je Sung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryu, Dong-Ryeol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Shin-Wook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chung, Yong Eun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of physiology. Renal physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Oh, Hyung Jung</au><au>Oh, Hyewon</au><au>Nam, Bo Young</au><au>You, Je Sung</au><au>Ryu, Dong-Ryeol</au><au>Kang, Shin-Wook</au><au>Chung, Yong Eun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The protective effect of klotho against contrast-associated acute kidney injury via the antioxidative effect</atitle><jtitle>American journal of physiology. Renal physiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Physiol Renal Physiol</addtitle><date>2019-10-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>317</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>F881</spage><epage>F889</epage><pages>F881-F889</pages><issn>1931-857X</issn><eissn>1522-1466</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>As oxidative stress is one major factor behind contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), we investigated the protective effect of klotho against CA-AKI via the antioxidative effect. In in vitro experiments, cells (NRK-52E) were divided into the following three groups: control, iopamidol, or iopamidol + recombinant klotho (rKL) groups. Moreover, cell viability was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and oxidative stress was examined with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence intensity. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to assess propidium iodide klotho expression, and Bax-to-Bcl-2 and apoptosis ratios were evaluated with annexin V/Hoechst 33342 staining. Furthermore, we knocked down the klotho gene using siRNA to verify the endogenous effect of klotho. In our in vivo experiments, oxidative stress was evaluated with the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance assay, and apoptosis was evaluated with the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. Additionally, cell and tissue morphology were investigated with transmission electron microscopy. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, mRNA and protein expression of klotho significantly decreased in CA-AKI mice compared with control mice, whereas oxidative stress and apoptosis markers were significantly increased in CA-AKI mice. However, rKL supplementation mitigated the elevated apoptotic markers and oxidative stress in the CA-AKI mouse model and improved cell viability. In contrast, oxidative stress and apoptotic markers were more aggravated when the klotho gene was knocked down. Moreover, we found more cytoplasmic vacuoles in the CA-AKI mouse model using transmission electron microscopy but fewer cytoplasmic vacuoles in rKL-supplemented cells. The present study shows that klotho in proximal tubular cells can protect against CA-AKI via an antioxidative effect.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Physiological Society</pub><pmid>31411071</pmid><doi>10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2018</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-9578</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced Acute Kidney Injury - pathology Acute Kidney Injury - prevention & control Animals Annexin V Antioxidants - metabolism Apoptosis BAX protein Bcl-2 protein bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism Caspase Caspase 3 - metabolism Caspase-3 Cell Line Cell Survival Cell viability Contrast Media - adverse effects Cytology Experiments Gene expression Gene Knockdown Techniques Glucuronidase - genetics Glucuronidase - metabolism Immunohistochemistry Iopamidol - toxicity Kidneys Klotho protein mRNA Oxidative Stress Polymerase chain reaction Propidium iodide Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism Rats RNA, Small Interfering siRNA Supplements Thiobarbituric acid Transmission electron microscopy Vacuoles Vacuoles - pathology |
| title | The protective effect of klotho against contrast-associated acute kidney injury via the antioxidative effect |
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