Skin sensitisation quantitative risk assessment (QRA) based on aggregate dermal exposure to methylisothiazolinone in personal care and household cleaning products

Contact allergy to preservatives is an important public health problem. Ideally, new substances should be evaluated for the risk on skin sensitisation before market entry, for example by using a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) as developed for fragrances. As a proof-of-concept, this QRA was appli...

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Published in:Food and chemical toxicology 2018-02, Vol.112, p.242-250
Main Authors: Ezendam, J., Bokkers, B.G.H., Bil, W., Delmaar, J.E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggregate exposure assessment
Cosmetic products
Household cleaning products
Methylisothiazolinone
Quantitative risk assessment
Skin sensitization
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description Contact allergy to preservatives is an important public health problem. Ideally, new substances should be evaluated for the risk on skin sensitisation before market entry, for example by using a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) as developed for fragrances. As a proof-of-concept, this QRA was applied to the preservative methylisothiazolinone (MI), a common cause of contact allergy. MI is used in different consumer products, including personal care products (PCPs) and household cleaning products (HCPs). Aggregate exposure to MI in PCPs and HCPs was therefore assessed with the Probabilistic Aggregated Consumer Exposure Model (PACEM). Two exposure scenarios were evaluated: scenario 1 calculated aggregate exposure on actual MI product concentrations before the restricted use in PCPs and scenario 2 calculated aggregate exposure using the restrictions for MI in PCPs. The QRA for MI showed that in scenarios 1 and 2, the proportion of the population at risk for skin sensitisation is 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively. The restricted use of MI in PCPs does not seem very effective in lowering the risk on skin sensitization. To conclude, it is important to consider aggregate exposure from the most important consumer products into consideration in the risk assessment. •Aggregate exposure to MI from PCPs and HCPs poses a risk for skin sensitisation induction in consumers.•Despite restricting MI in PCPs a proportion of consumers is still at risk for contact allergy due to the use of HCPs.•It is important to consider all relevant sources of consumer exposure in a QRA for skin sensitisation.•Many uncertainties on the QRA methodology still exist.•Monitoring trends in incidence of contact allergy is important to demonstrate the effectivity of restrictions.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.054
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The restricted use of MI in PCPs does not seem very effective in lowering the risk on skin sensitization. To conclude, it is important to consider aggregate exposure from the most important consumer products into consideration in the risk assessment. •Aggregate exposure to MI from PCPs and HCPs poses a risk for skin sensitisation induction in consumers.•Despite restricting MI in PCPs a proportion of consumers is still at risk for contact allergy due to the use of HCPs.•It is important to consider all relevant sources of consumer exposure in a QRA for skin sensitisation.•Many uncertainties on the QRA methodology still exist.•Monitoring trends in incidence of contact allergy is important to demonstrate the effectivity of restrictions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0278-6915</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6351</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.054</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29284136</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aggregate exposure assessment ; Cosmetic products ; Household cleaning products ; Methylisothiazolinone ; Quantitative risk assessment ; Skin sensitization</subject><ispartof>Food and chemical toxicology, 2018-02, Vol.112, p.242-250</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017. 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source ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024
subjects Aggregate exposure assessment
Cosmetic products
Household cleaning products
Methylisothiazolinone
Quantitative risk assessment
Skin sensitization
title Skin sensitisation quantitative risk assessment (QRA) based on aggregate dermal exposure to methylisothiazolinone in personal care and household cleaning products
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