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Pathways Forward in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention One and a Half Years After Publication of the 2013 ACC/AHA Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Guidelines

Abstract The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines represent an important step forward in the risk assessment and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Differentiated risk prediction equations...

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Published in:Mayo Clinic proceedings 2015-09, Vol.90 (9), p.1262-1271
Main Authors: Cainzos-Achirica, Miguel, MD, Desai, Chintan S., MD, MSc, Wang, Libin, MD, Blaha, Michael J., MD, MPH, Lopez-Jimenez, Francisco, MD, MSc, Kopecky, Stephen L., MD, Blumenthal, Roger S., MD, Martin, Seth S., MD, MHS
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creator Cainzos-Achirica, Miguel, MD
Desai, Chintan S., MD, MSc
Wang, Libin, MD
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Blumenthal, Roger S., MD
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description Abstract The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines represent an important step forward in the risk assessment and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Differentiated risk prediction equations for women and black individuals were developed, and convenient 10-year and lifetime risk assessment tools were provided, facilitating their implementation. Lifestyle modification was portrayed as the foundation of preventive therapy. In addition, based on high-quality evidence from randomized controlled trials, statins were prioritized as the first lipid-lowering pharmacologic treatment, and a shared decision-making model between the physician and the patient was emphasized as a key feature of personalized care. After publication of the guidelines, however, important limitations were also identified. This resulted in a constructive scientific debate yielding valuable insights into potential opportunities to refine recommendations, fill gaps in guidance, and better harmonize recommendations within and outside the United States. The latter point deserves emphasis because when guidelines are in disagreement, this may result in nonaction on the part of professional caregivers or nonadherence by patients. In this review, we discuss the key scientific literature relevant to the guidelines published in the year and a half after their release. We aim to provide cohesive, evidence-based views that may offer pathways forward in cardiovascular disease prevention toward greater consensus and benefit the practice of clinical medicine.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.05.018
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Differentiated risk prediction equations for women and black individuals were developed, and convenient 10-year and lifetime risk assessment tools were provided, facilitating their implementation. Lifestyle modification was portrayed as the foundation of preventive therapy. In addition, based on high-quality evidence from randomized controlled trials, statins were prioritized as the first lipid-lowering pharmacologic treatment, and a shared decision-making model between the physician and the patient was emphasized as a key feature of personalized care. After publication of the guidelines, however, important limitations were also identified. This resulted in a constructive scientific debate yielding valuable insights into potential opportunities to refine recommendations, fill gaps in guidance, and better harmonize recommendations within and outside the United States. The latter point deserves emphasis because when guidelines are in disagreement, this may result in nonaction on the part of professional caregivers or nonadherence by patients. In this review, we discuss the key scientific literature relevant to the guidelines published in the year and a half after their release. 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subjects American Heart Association
Analysis
Atherosclerosis - epidemiology
Atherosclerosis - prevention & control
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
Evidence-Based Medicine
Female
Global Health
Humans
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Internal Medicine
Male
Practice guidelines (Medicine)
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Prevention
Preventive medicine
Primary Prevention - organization & administration
Risk Reduction Behavior
Societies, Medical
United States - epidemiology
title Pathways Forward in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention One and a Half Years After Publication of the 2013 ACC/AHA Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Guidelines
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