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Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Abstract Background and objectives Whether cigarette smoking can increase the risk of hip fracture in women is unclear. This meta-analysis, which pooled results from 10 prospective cohort studies, was performed to derive a more precise estimation between cigarette smoking and the risk of hip fractur...
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| Published in: | Injury 2015-07, Vol.46 (7), p.1333-1340 |
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| creator | Shen, Guang Si Li, Yong Zhao, GuoYang Zhou, Hai Bin Xie, Zong Gang Xu, Wei Chen, Hai Nan Dong, Qi Rong Xu, You Jia |
| description | Abstract Background and objectives Whether cigarette smoking can increase the risk of hip fracture in women is unclear. This meta-analysis, which pooled results from 10 prospective cohort studies, was performed to derive a more precise estimation between cigarette smoking and the risk of hip fracture in women. Materials and methods Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ISI Web of Science were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association among 10 studies. The pooled risk estimates were calculated by using both random- and fixed-effects model. Heterogeneity among articles and their publications bias were also tested. All of the statistical analyses were performed using the software programs STATA (version 12.0). Results Relative risk was significantly increased in current female smokers (pooled RR, 1.30; 95%CI, 1.16–1.45). The association was significant among the high-dose smokers (more than 15 cigarettes per day) while not among the low-does smokers (less than 15 cigarettes per day). Omission of any single study had little effect on the pooled risk estimate. Former smokers had a similar RR of hip fracture (RR, 1.02; 95%CI, 0.93–1.11) to published papers. Smoking cessation for ≥10 years leads to a significant decline in risk. Conclusions Smoking is associated with an increased hip fracture risk in women. Cessation of smoking for ≥10 years had a decreased impact on risk of hip fracture. Given the inconsistency among the studies in the choice of adjustments, the associations between cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women await further investigation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.injury.2015.04.008 |
| format | article |
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This meta-analysis, which pooled results from 10 prospective cohort studies, was performed to derive a more precise estimation between cigarette smoking and the risk of hip fracture in women. Materials and methods Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ISI Web of Science were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association among 10 studies. The pooled risk estimates were calculated by using both random- and fixed-effects model. Heterogeneity among articles and their publications bias were also tested. All of the statistical analyses were performed using the software programs STATA (version 12.0). Results Relative risk was significantly increased in current female smokers (pooled RR, 1.30; 95%CI, 1.16–1.45). The association was significant among the high-dose smokers (more than 15 cigarettes per day) while not among the low-does smokers (less than 15 cigarettes per day). Omission of any single study had little effect on the pooled risk estimate. Former smokers had a similar RR of hip fracture (RR, 1.02; 95%CI, 0.93–1.11) to published papers. Smoking cessation for ≥10 years leads to a significant decline in risk. Conclusions Smoking is associated with an increased hip fracture risk in women. Cessation of smoking for ≥10 years had a decreased impact on risk of hip fracture. Given the inconsistency among the studies in the choice of adjustments, the associations between cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women await further investigation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0020-1383</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-0267</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2015.04.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25956674</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>China - epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hip fractures ; Hip Fractures - epidemiology ; Hip Fractures - etiology ; Hip Fractures - prevention & control ; Humans ; Meta-analysis ; Orthopedics ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis - blood ; Osteoporosis - epidemiology ; Osteoporosis - etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Smoking - blood ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Smoking Prevention ; Vitamin D - blood ; Women</subject><ispartof>Injury, 2015-07, Vol.46 (7), p.1333-1340</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-4ba7a74bb6df5b48f382453befc90df08876bc4c1d7d425885cadb516d9a62903</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-4ba7a74bb6df5b48f382453befc90df08876bc4c1d7d425885cadb516d9a62903</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25956674$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shen, Guang Si</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, GuoYang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Hai Bin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Zong Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Hai Nan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Qi Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, You Jia</creatorcontrib><title>Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies</title><title>Injury</title><addtitle>Injury</addtitle><description>Abstract Background and objectives Whether cigarette smoking can increase the risk of hip fracture in women is unclear. This meta-analysis, which pooled results from 10 prospective cohort studies, was performed to derive a more precise estimation between cigarette smoking and the risk of hip fracture in women. Materials and methods Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ISI Web of Science were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association among 10 studies. The pooled risk estimates were calculated by using both random- and fixed-effects model. Heterogeneity among articles and their publications bias were also tested. All of the statistical analyses were performed using the software programs STATA (version 12.0). Results Relative risk was significantly increased in current female smokers (pooled RR, 1.30; 95%CI, 1.16–1.45). The association was significant among the high-dose smokers (more than 15 cigarettes per day) while not among the low-does smokers (less than 15 cigarettes per day). Omission of any single study had little effect on the pooled risk estimate. Former smokers had a similar RR of hip fracture (RR, 1.02; 95%CI, 0.93–1.11) to published papers. Smoking cessation for ≥10 years leads to a significant decline in risk. Conclusions Smoking is associated with an increased hip fracture risk in women. Cessation of smoking for ≥10 years had a decreased impact on risk of hip fracture. Given the inconsistency among the studies in the choice of adjustments, the associations between cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women await further investigation.</description><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hip fractures</subject><subject>Hip Fractures - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hip Fractures - etiology</subject><subject>Hip Fractures - prevention & control</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Osteoporosis - blood</subject><subject>Osteoporosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Osteoporosis - etiology</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Smoking - blood</subject><subject>Smoking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Smoking Prevention</subject><subject>Vitamin D - blood</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>0020-1383</issn><issn>1879-0267</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQQC0EokvhHyDkI5eEceI4DgekagW0UiUOwNly7EnrbOIsttNq_z2OtnDgwmnm8ObrDSFvGZQMmPgwls6PaziVFbCmBF4CyGdkx2TbFVCJ9jnZAVRQsFrWF-RVjCMAa6GuX5KLqukaIVq-I_3e3emAKSGN83Jw_o5qb2lw8UCXgd67Ix2CNmkNSJ2nj8uM_iO9ojMmXWivp1N0cSOPYYlHNMk9IDXL_RISjWm1DuNr8mLQU8Q3T_GS_Pzy-cf-urj99vVmf3VbGC7rVPBet7rlfS_s0PRcDrWseFP3OJgO7ABStqI33DDbWl41UjZG275hwnZaVB3Ul-T9uW9e5deKManZRYPTpD0ua1RMyE6wjjORUX5GTd46BhzUMbhZh5NioDa7alRnu2qzq4CrbDeXvXuasPYz2r9Ff3Rm4NMZwHzng8OgonHoDVoXshtlF_e_Cf82MJPzzujpgCeM47KG7DzfomKlQH3fPrw9mDVbxln9GxhIozw</recordid><startdate>20150701</startdate><enddate>20150701</enddate><creator>Shen, Guang Si</creator><creator>Li, Yong</creator><creator>Zhao, GuoYang</creator><creator>Zhou, Hai Bin</creator><creator>Xie, Zong Gang</creator><creator>Xu, Wei</creator><creator>Chen, Hai Nan</creator><creator>Dong, Qi Rong</creator><creator>Xu, You Jia</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150701</creationdate><title>Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies</title><author>Shen, Guang Si ; Li, Yong ; Zhao, GuoYang ; Zhou, Hai Bin ; Xie, Zong Gang ; Xu, Wei ; Chen, Hai Nan ; Dong, Qi Rong ; Xu, You Jia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-4ba7a74bb6df5b48f382453befc90df08876bc4c1d7d425885cadb516d9a62903</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hip fractures</topic><topic>Hip Fractures - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hip Fractures - etiology</topic><topic>Hip Fractures - prevention & control</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Meta-analysis</topic><topic>Orthopedics</topic><topic>Osteoporosis</topic><topic>Osteoporosis - blood</topic><topic>Osteoporosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Osteoporosis - etiology</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking - adverse effects</topic><topic>Smoking - blood</topic><topic>Smoking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Smoking Prevention</topic><topic>Vitamin D - blood</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shen, Guang Si</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, GuoYang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Hai Bin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Zong Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Hai Nan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Qi Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, You Jia</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Injury</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shen, Guang Si</au><au>Li, Yong</au><au>Zhao, GuoYang</au><au>Zhou, Hai Bin</au><au>Xie, Zong Gang</au><au>Xu, Wei</au><au>Chen, Hai Nan</au><au>Dong, Qi Rong</au><au>Xu, You Jia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies</atitle><jtitle>Injury</jtitle><addtitle>Injury</addtitle><date>2015-07-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1333</spage><epage>1340</epage><pages>1333-1340</pages><issn>0020-1383</issn><eissn>1879-0267</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-2</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-1</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>Abstract Background and objectives Whether cigarette smoking can increase the risk of hip fracture in women is unclear. This meta-analysis, which pooled results from 10 prospective cohort studies, was performed to derive a more precise estimation between cigarette smoking and the risk of hip fracture in women. Materials and methods Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ISI Web of Science were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association among 10 studies. The pooled risk estimates were calculated by using both random- and fixed-effects model. Heterogeneity among articles and their publications bias were also tested. All of the statistical analyses were performed using the software programs STATA (version 12.0). Results Relative risk was significantly increased in current female smokers (pooled RR, 1.30; 95%CI, 1.16–1.45). The association was significant among the high-dose smokers (more than 15 cigarettes per day) while not among the low-does smokers (less than 15 cigarettes per day). Omission of any single study had little effect on the pooled risk estimate. Former smokers had a similar RR of hip fracture (RR, 1.02; 95%CI, 0.93–1.11) to published papers. Smoking cessation for ≥10 years leads to a significant decline in risk. Conclusions Smoking is associated with an increased hip fracture risk in women. Cessation of smoking for ≥10 years had a decreased impact on risk of hip fracture. Given the inconsistency among the studies in the choice of adjustments, the associations between cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women await further investigation.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>25956674</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.injury.2015.04.008</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | China - epidemiology Cross-Sectional Studies Female Hip fractures Hip Fractures - epidemiology Hip Fractures - etiology Hip Fractures - prevention & control Humans Meta-analysis Orthopedics Osteoporosis Osteoporosis - blood Osteoporosis - epidemiology Osteoporosis - etiology Prospective Studies Risk Factors Smoking Smoking - adverse effects Smoking - blood Smoking - epidemiology Smoking Prevention Vitamin D - blood Women |
| title | Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies |
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