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Changes in the structural organization of the cytoskeleton of Tritrichomonas foetus during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation
•High resolution SEM contributed to obtain the new structural data during piriform-pseudocyst transformation.•The pseudocyst cytoskeleton undergo drastic morphological changes.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the costa acquires variable conformations.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseud...
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Published in: | Micron (Oxford, England : 1993) England : 1993), 2015-06, Vol.73, p.28-35 |
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description | •High resolution SEM contributed to obtain the new structural data during piriform-pseudocyst transformation.•The pseudocyst cytoskeleton undergo drastic morphological changes.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the costa acquires variable conformations.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the axostyle can be fragmented.
Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasite that causes bovine trichomonosis, a major sexually transmitted disease in cattle. It grows in axenic media as a trophozoite with a pear-shaped body, three anterior flagella, and one recurrent flagellum. However, under some well-controlled experimental conditions in vitro, as well as in vivo in infected bulls, the parasite acquires a spherical or elliptical shape, and the flagella are internalized but the cells do not display a cyst wall. This form, known as the endoflagellar or pseudocystic form, is viable, and can be transformed back to trophozoites with pear-shaped body. We used confocal laser scanning microscopy, and high resolution scanning electron microscopy to examine the changes that take place in the protozoan cytoskeleton during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation. Results confirmed previous studies and added new structural information to the organization of cytoskeletal structures during the transformation process. We observed that changes take place in the pseudocysts’ axostyle and costa, which acquired a curved shape. In addition, the costa of multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocysts took variable conformations while curved. The costa accessory structure, as well as a network of filaments connecting this structure to the region where the recurrent flagellum associates to the protozoan body, was not seen in pseudocysts. In addition, the axostyle was fragmented during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.micron.2015.03.008 |
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Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasite that causes bovine trichomonosis, a major sexually transmitted disease in cattle. It grows in axenic media as a trophozoite with a pear-shaped body, three anterior flagella, and one recurrent flagellum. However, under some well-controlled experimental conditions in vitro, as well as in vivo in infected bulls, the parasite acquires a spherical or elliptical shape, and the flagella are internalized but the cells do not display a cyst wall. This form, known as the endoflagellar or pseudocystic form, is viable, and can be transformed back to trophozoites with pear-shaped body. We used confocal laser scanning microscopy, and high resolution scanning electron microscopy to examine the changes that take place in the protozoan cytoskeleton during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation. Results confirmed previous studies and added new structural information to the organization of cytoskeletal structures during the transformation process. We observed that changes take place in the pseudocysts’ axostyle and costa, which acquired a curved shape. In addition, the costa of multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocysts took variable conformations while curved. The costa accessory structure, as well as a network of filaments connecting this structure to the region where the recurrent flagellum associates to the protozoan body, was not seen in pseudocysts. In addition, the axostyle was fragmented during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0968-4328</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-4291</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.03.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25880467</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Axostyle ; Cattle ; Costa ; Cytoskeleton ; Cytoskeleton - ultrastructure ; Endoflagellar form ; Flagella - ultrastructure ; High resolution scanning electron microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning - methods ; Microtubules - ultrastructure ; Protozoan ; Tritrichomonas foetus - cytology ; Tritrichomonas foetus - growth & development ; Tritrichomonas foetus - ultrastructure ; Trophozoites - ultrastructure</subject><ispartof>Micron (Oxford, England : 1993), 2015-06, Vol.73, p.28-35</ispartof><rights>2015 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-ef2195f071066f4820c7f6631eaa28d151170648ac007964f4c66c8910cec4133</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-ef2195f071066f4820c7f6631eaa28d151170648ac007964f4c66c8910cec4133</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25880467$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>de Andrade Rosa, Ivone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Souza, Wanderley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benchimol, Marlene</creatorcontrib><title>Changes in the structural organization of the cytoskeleton of Tritrichomonas foetus during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation</title><title>Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)</title><addtitle>Micron</addtitle><description>•High resolution SEM contributed to obtain the new structural data during piriform-pseudocyst transformation.•The pseudocyst cytoskeleton undergo drastic morphological changes.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the costa acquires variable conformations.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the axostyle can be fragmented.
Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasite that causes bovine trichomonosis, a major sexually transmitted disease in cattle. It grows in axenic media as a trophozoite with a pear-shaped body, three anterior flagella, and one recurrent flagellum. However, under some well-controlled experimental conditions in vitro, as well as in vivo in infected bulls, the parasite acquires a spherical or elliptical shape, and the flagella are internalized but the cells do not display a cyst wall. This form, known as the endoflagellar or pseudocystic form, is viable, and can be transformed back to trophozoites with pear-shaped body. We used confocal laser scanning microscopy, and high resolution scanning electron microscopy to examine the changes that take place in the protozoan cytoskeleton during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation. Results confirmed previous studies and added new structural information to the organization of cytoskeletal structures during the transformation process. We observed that changes take place in the pseudocysts’ axostyle and costa, which acquired a curved shape. In addition, the costa of multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocysts took variable conformations while curved. The costa accessory structure, as well as a network of filaments connecting this structure to the region where the recurrent flagellum associates to the protozoan body, was not seen in pseudocysts. In addition, the axostyle was fragmented during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Axostyle</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Costa</subject><subject>Cytoskeleton</subject><subject>Cytoskeleton - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Endoflagellar form</subject><subject>Flagella - ultrastructure</subject><subject>High resolution scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning - methods</subject><subject>Microtubules - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Protozoan</subject><subject>Tritrichomonas foetus - cytology</subject><subject>Tritrichomonas foetus - growth & development</subject><subject>Tritrichomonas foetus - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Trophozoites - ultrastructure</subject><issn>0968-4328</issn><issn>1878-4291</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEFv1DAQhS1URLeFf4BQjr0kjBOv41yQ0Kq0lSpxKWfLOONdL4m9eJxK2xM_nWxTeuQ0ozdv3mg-xj5yqDhw-Xlfjd6mGKoa-LqCpgJQb9iKq1aVou74GVtBJ-e-qdU5uyDaAwAXEt6x83qtFAjZrtifzc6ELVLhQ5F3WFBOk81TMkMR09YE_2Syj6GI7nlsjznSLxwwL9pD8jl5u4tjDIYKFzFPVPRT8mFb5BQPu_gUfcbyQDj10R4pz7IJ5GIan5Pfs7fODIQfXuol-_Ht-mFzW95_v7nbfL0vbSPrXKKrebd20HKQ0glVg22dlA1HY2rV8zXnLUihjAVoOymcsFJa1XGwaAVvmkt2teQeUvw9IWU9erI4DCZgnEhz2baqOwGarWKxzniJEjp9SH406ag56BN7vdcLe31ir6HRM_t57dPLhenniP3r0j_Ys-HLYsD5z0ePSZP1GCz2PqHNuo_-_xf-AudDmpg</recordid><startdate>20150601</startdate><enddate>20150601</enddate><creator>de Andrade Rosa, Ivone</creator><creator>de Souza, Wanderley</creator><creator>Benchimol, Marlene</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150601</creationdate><title>Changes in the structural organization of the cytoskeleton of Tritrichomonas foetus during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation</title><author>de Andrade Rosa, Ivone ; de Souza, Wanderley ; Benchimol, Marlene</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-ef2195f071066f4820c7f6631eaa28d151170648ac007964f4c66c8910cec4133</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Axostyle</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Costa</topic><topic>Cytoskeleton</topic><topic>Cytoskeleton - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Endoflagellar form</topic><topic>Flagella - ultrastructure</topic><topic>High resolution scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning - methods</topic><topic>Microtubules - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Protozoan</topic><topic>Tritrichomonas foetus - cytology</topic><topic>Tritrichomonas foetus - growth & development</topic><topic>Tritrichomonas foetus - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Trophozoites - ultrastructure</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>de Andrade Rosa, Ivone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Souza, Wanderley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benchimol, Marlene</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>de Andrade Rosa, Ivone</au><au>de Souza, Wanderley</au><au>Benchimol, Marlene</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes in the structural organization of the cytoskeleton of Tritrichomonas foetus during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation</atitle><jtitle>Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)</jtitle><addtitle>Micron</addtitle><date>2015-06-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>73</volume><spage>28</spage><epage>35</epage><pages>28-35</pages><issn>0968-4328</issn><eissn>1878-4291</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>•High resolution SEM contributed to obtain the new structural data during piriform-pseudocyst transformation.•The pseudocyst cytoskeleton undergo drastic morphological changes.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the costa acquires variable conformations.•In multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocyst the axostyle can be fragmented.
Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasite that causes bovine trichomonosis, a major sexually transmitted disease in cattle. It grows in axenic media as a trophozoite with a pear-shaped body, three anterior flagella, and one recurrent flagellum. However, under some well-controlled experimental conditions in vitro, as well as in vivo in infected bulls, the parasite acquires a spherical or elliptical shape, and the flagella are internalized but the cells do not display a cyst wall. This form, known as the endoflagellar or pseudocystic form, is viable, and can be transformed back to trophozoites with pear-shaped body. We used confocal laser scanning microscopy, and high resolution scanning electron microscopy to examine the changes that take place in the protozoan cytoskeleton during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation. Results confirmed previous studies and added new structural information to the organization of cytoskeletal structures during the transformation process. We observed that changes take place in the pseudocysts’ axostyle and costa, which acquired a curved shape. In addition, the costa of multinucleated/polymastigont pseudocysts took variable conformations while curved. The costa accessory structure, as well as a network of filaments connecting this structure to the region where the recurrent flagellum associates to the protozoan body, was not seen in pseudocysts. In addition, the axostyle was fragmented during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>25880467</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.micron.2015.03.008</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Axostyle Cattle Costa Cytoskeleton Cytoskeleton - ultrastructure Endoflagellar form Flagella - ultrastructure High resolution scanning electron microscopy Microscopy, Electron, Scanning - methods Microtubules - ultrastructure Protozoan Tritrichomonas foetus - cytology Tritrichomonas foetus - growth & development Tritrichomonas foetus - ultrastructure Trophozoites - ultrastructure |
title | Changes in the structural organization of the cytoskeleton of Tritrichomonas foetus during trophozoite-pseudocyst transformation |
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