The economics and greenhouse gas balance of land conversion to Jatropha: the case of Tanzania

Due to higher oil prices, abundance of labor and suitable land and its stable political climate, Tanzania attracted many investments in Jatropha. Although several studies on Jatropha's economic potential are available, its true economics are still uncertain. This paper aims to add to the growin...

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Published in:Global change biology. Bioenergy 2015-03, Vol.7 (2), p.302-315
Main Authors: Achten, Wouter M. J., Dillen, Koen, Trabucco, Antonio, Verbist, Bruno, Messemaker, Lode, Muys, Bart, Mathijs, Erik
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural economics
Agricultural production
biodiesel
Biodiesel fuels
Carbon
carbon debt
Climate change
Computer simulation
cost benefit
Crude oil
Cultivation
Economic models
Economics
Employment
Environmental impact
Farmers
Food
GHG balance
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gases
Households
Interdisciplinary aspects
Investments
Jatropha
Life cycle analysis
Modelling
net present value
Opportunity costs
Prices
Regional analysis
Regional development
Society
Studies
Sustainability
Yield
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container_title Global change biology. Bioenergy
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creator Achten, Wouter M. J.
Dillen, Koen
Trabucco, Antonio
Verbist, Bruno
Messemaker, Lode
Muys, Bart
Mathijs, Erik
description Due to higher oil prices, abundance of labor and suitable land and its stable political climate, Tanzania attracted many investments in Jatropha. Although several studies on Jatropha's economic potential are available, its true economics are still uncertain. This paper aims to add to the growing body of knowledge on the socio‐economic performance of the Jatropha system by (i) studying the economic potential (net present value – NPV) of the current most prevailing Jatropha system for Tanzanian farmers and its regional differences, by (ii) making a greenhouse gas (GHG) balance and its economic value of the Jatropha activities on regional level, and by (iii) calculating break‐even thresholds for yield and seed price. Therefore, regional yield modeling, regional life‐cycle assessment, and NPV calculations based on Monte Carlo simulations, each with its set of assumptions, are combined. This study shows positive economic potential of Jatropha cultivation in most of the Tanzanian regions. However, the results also show that 13 of 20 Tanzanian regions will not attain a net positive GHG balance within 10 years. This indicates that the environmental impacts might be more restrictive for Jatropha's sustainability potential in Tanzania than the socio‐economic potential. These results are based on the combination of three models, which consists of strong interdisciplinary modeling work. However, this modeling also contains simplifications (e.g., no opportunity cost for ‘marginal’ land) and uncertainties (e.g., using globally modeled potential yield estimations), which have to be considered in the interpretation of the results.
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source Open Access: Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Journals
subjects Agricultural economics
Agricultural production
biodiesel
Biodiesel fuels
Carbon
carbon debt
Climate change
Computer simulation
cost benefit
Crude oil
Cultivation
Economic models
Economics
Employment
Environmental impact
Farmers
Food
GHG balance
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gases
Households
Interdisciplinary aspects
Investments
Jatropha
Life cycle analysis
Modelling
net present value
Opportunity costs
Prices
Regional analysis
Regional development
Society
Studies
Sustainability
Yield
title The economics and greenhouse gas balance of land conversion to Jatropha: the case of Tanzania
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