Protective Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Behavior and Oxidative Status of Restraint-Stressed Mice

Studies have demonstrated an association between stressful conditions and the onset of clinical depression. Considering the antidepressant-like properties of ascorbic acid in both experimental and clinical approaches, we evaluated the beneficial effect of this vitamin on restraint stress-induced beh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of molecular neuroscience 2013-01, Vol.49 (1), p.68-79
Main Authors: Moretti, Morgana, Budni, Josiane, dos Santos, Danubia Bonfanti, Antunes, Alessandra, Daufenbach, Juliana Felipe, Manosso, Luana Meller, Farina, Marcelo, Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Animals
Antidepressants
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid - pharmacology
Ascorbic Acid - therapeutic use
Bax protein
Bcl-2 protein
bcl-2-Associated X Protein - genetics
bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism
Behavior
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Cell death
Cerebral Cortex - enzymology
Cerebral Cortex - metabolism
Cortex
Depression
Depressive Disorder - drug therapy
Depressive Disorder - etiology
Emotional disorders
Enzymes
Female
Fluoxetine
Glutathione peroxidase
Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics
Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism
glutathione reductase
Glutathione Reductase - genetics
Glutathione Reductase - metabolism
Glycogen synthase kinase 3
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 - genetics
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 - metabolism
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
Hippocampus
Hippocampus - enzymology
Hippocampus - metabolism
Kinases
Laboratory animals
Lipid Metabolism - drug effects
Lipid peroxidation
Lipids
Mental depression
Mice
Mood disorders
Motor Activity - drug effects
Nervous system
Neurochemistry
Neurology
Neurosciences
Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects
Oxidative stress
Phosphorylation
Proteomics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism
Stress, Psychological - complications
Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide Dismutase - genetics
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Swimming
Transcription, Genetic - drug effects
Vitamins
Vitamins - pharmacology
Vitamins - therapeutic use
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Summary:Studies have demonstrated an association between stressful conditions and the onset of clinical depression. Considering the antidepressant-like properties of ascorbic acid in both experimental and clinical approaches, we evaluated the beneficial effect of this vitamin on restraint stress-induced behavioral and neurochemical alterations. Acute restraint stress caused a depressive-like behavior in the forced swimming test, accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation (cerebral cortex and hippocampus); increased superoxide dismutase (cerebral cortex and hippocampus), glutathione reductase (cerebral cortex), and glutathione peroxidase (cerebral cortex and hippocampus) activities; and elevated expression of Bcl-2 (hippocampus). Oral administration of ascorbic acid (1 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) 1 h before restraint stress prevented the stress-induced increase on immobility time in the forced swimming test. Moreover, this vitamin reduced lipid peroxidation to control levels and restored the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase. Ascorbic acid had no effect on the increased level of Bcl-2 induced by stress. Glutathione levels, glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation, and Bax expression were not altered by stress or ascorbic acid administration. Besides reinforcing the antioxidant potential of ascorbic acid, our results support the notion that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis and treatment of stress-induced depression.
ISSN:0895-8696
1559-1166
DOI:10.1007/s12031-012-9892-4