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Coastal wetland restoration through the lens of Odum's theory of ecosystem development
Advancing ecological restoration assessments requires a more detailed consideration of species interactions and ecosystem processes. Most restoration projects rely on a few metrics not always directly linked with ecological theory. Here, we used Odum's theory of ecosystem development to assess...
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| Published in: | Restoration ecology 2024-03, Vol.32 (3), p.n/a |
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| creator | Keppeler, Friedrich W. Engel, Annette S. Hooper‐Bùi, Linda M. López‐Duarte, Paola C. Martin, Charles W. Olin, Jill A. Lamb, Katelyn J. Polito, Michael J. Rabalais, Nancy N. Roberts, Brian J. Swenson, Erick M. Jensen, Olaf P. |
| description | Advancing ecological restoration assessments requires a more detailed consideration of species interactions and ecosystem processes. Most restoration projects rely on a few metrics not always directly linked with ecological theory. Here, we used Odum's theory of ecosystem development to assess and compare the ecosystem structure and services of created marshes (4–6 years old) with preexisting, reference marshes in a brackish water region of the Mississippi River Delta. We built ecosystem models for created and reference marshes that integrated large datasets of stomach contents, stable isotopes, and taxa abundances. Despite strong resemblance in community structure, created marshes were at an earlier succession stage compared to the reference marshes, having lower biomass (including exploited species), higher biomass turnover and production, less dependence on detritus, lower material cycling, and less energy flowing through specialist pathways. Although preserving preexisting marshes should be a priority, created marshes may still be an important tool for the restoration of coastal areas and their ecosystem services. In addition, our results show that comparisons of species biodiversity alone may fail to capture essential differences in ecosystem processes between habitats, which reinforces the importance of ecosystem modeling approaches to assess restoration projects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/rec.14072 |
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Most restoration projects rely on a few metrics not always directly linked with ecological theory. Here, we used Odum's theory of ecosystem development to assess and compare the ecosystem structure and services of created marshes (4–6 years old) with preexisting, reference marshes in a brackish water region of the Mississippi River Delta. We built ecosystem models for created and reference marshes that integrated large datasets of stomach contents, stable isotopes, and taxa abundances. Despite strong resemblance in community structure, created marshes were at an earlier succession stage compared to the reference marshes, having lower biomass (including exploited species), higher biomass turnover and production, less dependence on detritus, lower material cycling, and less energy flowing through specialist pathways. Although preserving preexisting marshes should be a priority, created marshes may still be an important tool for the restoration of coastal areas and their ecosystem services. In addition, our results show that comparisons of species biodiversity alone may fail to capture essential differences in ecosystem processes between habitats, which reinforces the importance of ecosystem modeling approaches to assess restoration projects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1061-2971</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1526-100X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/rec.14072</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden, USA: Wiley Periodicals, Inc</publisher><subject>Aquatic ecosystems ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Brackish water ; coastal wetlands ; Coastal zone ; Community structure ; Detritus ; Ecological succession ; ecosystem development ; Ecosystem models ; Ecosystem services ; Ecosystem structure ; Ecosystems ; Environment models ; Environmental restoration ; Isotopes ; Marshes ; Mississippi River delta ; Restoration ; Stable isotopes ; Stomach content ; succession ; Theories ; Wetland restoration ; Wetlands</subject><ispartof>Restoration ecology, 2024-03, Vol.32 (3), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Ecological Restoration.</rights><rights>2023. 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Most restoration projects rely on a few metrics not always directly linked with ecological theory. Here, we used Odum's theory of ecosystem development to assess and compare the ecosystem structure and services of created marshes (4–6 years old) with preexisting, reference marshes in a brackish water region of the Mississippi River Delta. We built ecosystem models for created and reference marshes that integrated large datasets of stomach contents, stable isotopes, and taxa abundances. Despite strong resemblance in community structure, created marshes were at an earlier succession stage compared to the reference marshes, having lower biomass (including exploited species), higher biomass turnover and production, less dependence on detritus, lower material cycling, and less energy flowing through specialist pathways. 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ASE, LMH‐B, PCL, CWM, JAO, KL, MJP, NNR, BJR, EMS, OPJ designed and conducted the field work; KL, MJP conducted laboratory analysis; FWK analyzed the data and created the models; FWK wrote the first draft of the manuscript; all authors revised and edited the manuscript.</notes><abstract>Advancing ecological restoration assessments requires a more detailed consideration of species interactions and ecosystem processes. Most restoration projects rely on a few metrics not always directly linked with ecological theory. Here, we used Odum's theory of ecosystem development to assess and compare the ecosystem structure and services of created marshes (4–6 years old) with preexisting, reference marshes in a brackish water region of the Mississippi River Delta. We built ecosystem models for created and reference marshes that integrated large datasets of stomach contents, stable isotopes, and taxa abundances. Despite strong resemblance in community structure, created marshes were at an earlier succession stage compared to the reference marshes, having lower biomass (including exploited species), higher biomass turnover and production, less dependence on detritus, lower material cycling, and less energy flowing through specialist pathways. Although preserving preexisting marshes should be a priority, created marshes may still be an important tool for the restoration of coastal areas and their ecosystem services. In addition, our results show that comparisons of species biodiversity alone may fail to capture essential differences in ecosystem processes between habitats, which reinforces the importance of ecosystem modeling approaches to assess restoration projects.</abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Wiley Periodicals, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/rec.14072</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9240-3824</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2469-744X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-6616</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1332-4859</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1514-837X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-3165</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-1970</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-1298</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aquatic ecosystems Biodiversity Biomass Brackish water coastal wetlands Coastal zone Community structure Detritus Ecological succession ecosystem development Ecosystem models Ecosystem services Ecosystem structure Ecosystems Environment models Environmental restoration Isotopes Marshes Mississippi River delta Restoration Stable isotopes Stomach content succession Theories Wetland restoration Wetlands |
| title | Coastal wetland restoration through the lens of Odum's theory of ecosystem development |
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