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Simulated stable water isotopes during the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial periods using AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso
Numerical simulations employing prognostic stable water isotopes can not only facilitate our understanding of hydrological processes and climate change but also allow for a direct comparison between isotope signals obtained from models and various archives. In the current work, we describe the perfo...
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| Published in: | Geoscientific Model Development 2023-09, Vol.16 (17), p.5153-5178 |
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| creator | Shi, Xiaoxu Cauquoin, Alexandre Lohmann, Gerrit Jonkers, Lukas Wang, Qiang Yang, Hu Sun, Yuchen Werner, Martin |
| description | Numerical simulations employing prognostic stable water isotopes can not only facilitate our understanding of hydrological processes and climate change but also allow for a direct comparison between isotope signals obtained from models and various archives. In the current work, we describe the performance and explore the potential of a new version of the Earth system model AWI-ESM (Alfred Wegener Institute Earth System Model), labeled AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso, in which we incorporated three isotope tracers into all relevant components of the water cycle. We present here the results of pre-industrial (PI) and mid-Holocene (MH) simulations. The model reproduces the observed PI isotope compositions in both precipitation and seawater well and captures their major differences from the MH conditions. The simulated relationship between the isotope composition in precipitation (δ18Op) and surface air temperature is very similar between the PI and MH conditions, and it is largely consistent with modern observations despite some regional model biases. The ratio of the MH–PI difference in δ18Op to the MH–PI difference in surface air temperature is comparable to proxy records over Greenland and Antarctica only when summertime air temperature is considered. An amount effect is evident over the North African monsoon domain, where a negative correlation between δ18Op and the amount of precipitation is simulated. As an example of model applications, we studied the onset and withdrawal date of the MH West African summer monsoon (WASM) using daily variables. We find that defining the WASM onset based on precipitation alone may yield erroneous results due to the substantial daily variations in precipitation, which may obscure the distinction between pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Combining precipitation and isotope indicators, we suggest in this work a novel method for identifying the commencement of the WASM. Moreover, we do not find an obvious difference between the MH and PI periods in terms of the mean onset of the WASM. However, an advancement in the WASM withdrawal is found in the MH compared to the PI period due to an earlier decline in insolation over the northern location of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5194/gmd-16-5153-2023 |
| format | article |
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In the current work, we describe the performance and explore the potential of a new version of the Earth system model AWI-ESM (Alfred Wegener Institute Earth System Model), labeled AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso, in which we incorporated three isotope tracers into all relevant components of the water cycle. We present here the results of pre-industrial (PI) and mid-Holocene (MH) simulations. The model reproduces the observed PI isotope compositions in both precipitation and seawater well and captures their major differences from the MH conditions. The simulated relationship between the isotope composition in precipitation (δ18Op) and surface air temperature is very similar between the PI and MH conditions, and it is largely consistent with modern observations despite some regional model biases. The ratio of the MH–PI difference in δ18Op to the MH–PI difference in surface air temperature is comparable to proxy records over Greenland and Antarctica only when summertime air temperature is considered. An amount effect is evident over the North African monsoon domain, where a negative correlation between δ18Op and the amount of precipitation is simulated. As an example of model applications, we studied the onset and withdrawal date of the MH West African summer monsoon (WASM) using daily variables. We find that defining the WASM onset based on precipitation alone may yield erroneous results due to the substantial daily variations in precipitation, which may obscure the distinction between pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Combining precipitation and isotope indicators, we suggest in this work a novel method for identifying the commencement of the WASM. Moreover, we do not find an obvious difference between the MH and PI periods in terms of the mean onset of the WASM. However, an advancement in the WASM withdrawal is found in the MH compared to the PI period due to an earlier decline in insolation over the northern location of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1991-9603</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1991-959X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1991-962X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1991-9603</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1991-962X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-5153-2023</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Katlenburg-Lindau: Copernicus GmbH</publisher><subject>African monsoon ; Air temperature ; Analysis ; Archives & records ; Boundary conditions ; Climate change ; Convergence zones ; Diurnal variations ; General circulation models ; Greenhouse gases ; Holocene ; Hydrologic cycle ; Hydrologic processes ; Hydrological cycle ; Hydrology ; Intertropical convergence zone ; Isotope composition ; Isotopes ; Mathematical models ; Modelling ; Monsoons ; Numerical analysis ; Numerical simulations ; Paleogeography ; Phase transitions ; Precipitation ; Precipitation (Meteorology) ; Precipitation variability ; Precipitation variations ; Seawater ; Simulation ; Summer ; Summer monsoon ; Surface temperature ; Surface-air temperature relationships ; Temperature effects ; Tracers ; Tracers (Chemistry) ; Wind</subject><ispartof>Geoscientific Model Development, 2023-09, Vol.16 (17), p.5153-5178</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Copernicus GmbH</rights><rights>2023. 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Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c433t-3c060848cd45de09e946b3a1e3c45e1561793d9a3e557a801c7b0bfc22825be93</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2704-5394 ; 0000-0002-0253-2639 ; 0000-0002-6473-0243 ; 0000-0003-2089-733X ; 0000-0003-2054-2256 ; 0000-0002-2449-8718 ; 0000-0002-4620-4696</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2862003515/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2862003515?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,25783,27957,27958,37047,44625,75483</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shi, Xiaoxu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cauquoin, Alexandre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lohmann, Gerrit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jonkers, Lukas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Hu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Yuchen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Werner, Martin</creatorcontrib><title>Simulated stable water isotopes during the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial periods using AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso</title><title>Geoscientific Model Development</title><description>Numerical simulations employing prognostic stable water isotopes can not only facilitate our understanding of hydrological processes and climate change but also allow for a direct comparison between isotope signals obtained from models and various archives. In the current work, we describe the performance and explore the potential of a new version of the Earth system model AWI-ESM (Alfred Wegener Institute Earth System Model), labeled AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso, in which we incorporated three isotope tracers into all relevant components of the water cycle. We present here the results of pre-industrial (PI) and mid-Holocene (MH) simulations. The model reproduces the observed PI isotope compositions in both precipitation and seawater well and captures their major differences from the MH conditions. The simulated relationship between the isotope composition in precipitation (δ18Op) and surface air temperature is very similar between the PI and MH conditions, and it is largely consistent with modern observations despite some regional model biases. The ratio of the MH–PI difference in δ18Op to the MH–PI difference in surface air temperature is comparable to proxy records over Greenland and Antarctica only when summertime air temperature is considered. An amount effect is evident over the North African monsoon domain, where a negative correlation between δ18Op and the amount of precipitation is simulated. As an example of model applications, we studied the onset and withdrawal date of the MH West African summer monsoon (WASM) using daily variables. We find that defining the WASM onset based on precipitation alone may yield erroneous results due to the substantial daily variations in precipitation, which may obscure the distinction between pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Combining precipitation and isotope indicators, we suggest in this work a novel method for identifying the commencement of the WASM. Moreover, we do not find an obvious difference between the MH and PI periods in terms of the mean onset of the WASM. 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Development</jtitle><date>2023-09-08</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>17</issue><spage>5153</spage><epage>5178</epage><pages>5153-5178</pages><issn>1991-9603</issn><issn>1991-959X</issn><issn>1991-962X</issn><eissn>1991-9603</eissn><eissn>1991-962X</eissn><abstract>Numerical simulations employing prognostic stable water isotopes can not only facilitate our understanding of hydrological processes and climate change but also allow for a direct comparison between isotope signals obtained from models and various archives. In the current work, we describe the performance and explore the potential of a new version of the Earth system model AWI-ESM (Alfred Wegener Institute Earth System Model), labeled AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso, in which we incorporated three isotope tracers into all relevant components of the water cycle. We present here the results of pre-industrial (PI) and mid-Holocene (MH) simulations. The model reproduces the observed PI isotope compositions in both precipitation and seawater well and captures their major differences from the MH conditions. The simulated relationship between the isotope composition in precipitation (δ18Op) and surface air temperature is very similar between the PI and MH conditions, and it is largely consistent with modern observations despite some regional model biases. The ratio of the MH–PI difference in δ18Op to the MH–PI difference in surface air temperature is comparable to proxy records over Greenland and Antarctica only when summertime air temperature is considered. An amount effect is evident over the North African monsoon domain, where a negative correlation between δ18Op and the amount of precipitation is simulated. As an example of model applications, we studied the onset and withdrawal date of the MH West African summer monsoon (WASM) using daily variables. We find that defining the WASM onset based on precipitation alone may yield erroneous results due to the substantial daily variations in precipitation, which may obscure the distinction between pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Combining precipitation and isotope indicators, we suggest in this work a novel method for identifying the commencement of the WASM. Moreover, we do not find an obvious difference between the MH and PI periods in terms of the mean onset of the WASM. 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| identifier | ISSN: 1991-9603 |
| ispartof | Geoscientific Model Development, 2023-09, Vol.16 (17), p.5153-5178 |
| issn | 1991-9603 1991-959X 1991-962X 1991-9603 1991-962X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2862003515 |
| source | Publicly Available Content Database |
| subjects | African monsoon Air temperature Analysis Archives & records Boundary conditions Climate change Convergence zones Diurnal variations General circulation models Greenhouse gases Holocene Hydrologic cycle Hydrologic processes Hydrological cycle Hydrology Intertropical convergence zone Isotope composition Isotopes Mathematical models Modelling Monsoons Numerical analysis Numerical simulations Paleogeography Phase transitions Precipitation Precipitation (Meteorology) Precipitation variability Precipitation variations Seawater Simulation Summer Summer monsoon Surface temperature Surface-air temperature relationships Temperature effects Tracers Tracers (Chemistry) Wind |
| title | Simulated stable water isotopes during the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial periods using AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso |
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