Preparation of rare-earth doped NaYF4 luminescent nanoparticles by a high-energy ball milling process

A possible fabrication of photoluminescent fluoride nanoparticles NaYF4 doped with rare-earth ions employing high-energy ball milling is demonstrated. The melt-grown bulk cubic crystal Na0.40Y0.480Yb0.108Er0.012F2.2 and composite Na0.55Y0.360Yb0.081Er0.009F2.10 comprising hexagonal β-NaYF4 modificat...

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Published in:CrystEngComm 2023-08, Vol.25 (33), p.4745-4754
Main Authors: Koshelev, Aleksandr V, Grebenev, Vadim V, Arkharova, Natalia A, Shiryaev, Andrey A, Karimov, Denis N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ball milling
Crystal growth
Erbium
Fluorides
Heat treatment
High temperature
Mechanical alloying
Mechanical milling
Nanoparticles
Oleic acid
Phase transitions
Photoluminescence
Rare earth elements
Raw materials
Sodium compounds
X-ray diffraction
Ytterbium
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container_end_page 4754
container_issue 33
container_start_page 4745
container_title CrystEngComm
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creator Koshelev, Aleksandr V
Grebenev, Vadim V
Arkharova, Natalia A
Shiryaev, Andrey A
Karimov, Denis N
description A possible fabrication of photoluminescent fluoride nanoparticles NaYF4 doped with rare-earth ions employing high-energy ball milling is demonstrated. The melt-grown bulk cubic crystal Na0.40Y0.480Yb0.108Er0.012F2.2 and composite Na0.55Y0.360Yb0.081Er0.009F2.10 comprising hexagonal β-NaYF4 modification were used as raw materials. The samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, and optical spectroscopy after the milling. Pure single-phase NaYF4 was not obtained even after 14 hours of mechanochemical treatment of individual components. However, high-energy ball milling of the crystals in the presence of oleic acid as a surfactant for 16 hours allowed production of single-phase β-NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles with an average size of 20–30 nm. The milled β-NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles demonstrate intense green fluorescence upon excitation at λ = 980 nm and can potentially be used in biomedicine and nanophotonics. The optimized methodology of high-energy milling has great potential for scalable and reproducible production of β-NaYF4 nanoparticles for industrial and scientific applications. High-temperature X-ray diffraction confirmed the phase transformation of melt-grown α-NaYF4 crystals into the hexagonal β-modification both during mechanical (4 hours) and thermal treatment in the 653–823 K range. The long duration of the process precludes the possibilities of large scale preparation of the cubic α-NaYF4 by mechanical milling.
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The melt-grown bulk cubic crystal Na0.40Y0.480Yb0.108Er0.012F2.2 and composite Na0.55Y0.360Yb0.081Er0.009F2.10 comprising hexagonal β-NaYF4 modification were used as raw materials. The samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, and optical spectroscopy after the milling. Pure single-phase NaYF4 was not obtained even after 14 hours of mechanochemical treatment of individual components. However, high-energy ball milling of the crystals in the presence of oleic acid as a surfactant for 16 hours allowed production of single-phase β-NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles with an average size of 20–30 nm. The milled β-NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles demonstrate intense green fluorescence upon excitation at λ = 980 nm and can potentially be used in biomedicine and nanophotonics. The optimized methodology of high-energy milling has great potential for scalable and reproducible production of β-NaYF4 nanoparticles for industrial and scientific applications. High-temperature X-ray diffraction confirmed the phase transformation of melt-grown α-NaYF4 crystals into the hexagonal β-modification both during mechanical (4 hours) and thermal treatment in the 653–823 K range. 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source Royal Society of Chemistry:Jisc Collections:Royal Society of Chemistry Read and Publish 2022-2024 (reading list)
subjects Ball milling
Crystal growth
Erbium
Fluorides
Heat treatment
High temperature
Mechanical alloying
Mechanical milling
Nanoparticles
Oleic acid
Phase transitions
Photoluminescence
Rare earth elements
Raw materials
Sodium compounds
X-ray diffraction
Ytterbium
title Preparation of rare-earth doped NaYF4 luminescent nanoparticles by a high-energy ball milling process
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