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Change of eruptive style during Pliocene deglaciation: from scoria cones to lava shields in southern extra-Andean Patagonia, Argentina
Slab window basalt cycles in extra-Andean Patagonia formed in a main-plateau and a post-plateau stage, during glacial and interglacial events. Here, we provide field, geochemical and geochronological data of Pliocene basalts and volcanoes from the north of Viedma lake (49° 20′–49° 30′ S). These basa...
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Published in: | Bulletin of volcanology 2021-07, Vol.83 (7), Article 46 |
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description | Slab window basalt cycles in extra-Andean Patagonia formed in a main-plateau and a post-plateau stage, during glacial and interglacial events. Here, we provide field, geochemical and geochronological data of Pliocene basalts and volcanoes from the north of Viedma lake (49° 20′–49° 30′ S). These basalts share the alkaline composition and enrichment in incompatible elements of post-plateau lavas, in agreement with their radiometric ages. While most post-plateau basalts were erupted through scoria cones, we found that some effusions to the west built lava shields of scutulum type. Field evidence indicates that shields formed during or soon after deglaciation, whereas scoria cones formed before ice retreat or at interglacial stages. We obtained an Ar/Ar age of 3.59 ± 0.07 Ma for a pre-shield basalt, extruded immediately before or concomitant with till deposition. Lava shield formation occurred soon after this age. The lava shield basalts are enriched in incompatible elements. Their petrogenesis involved low degree (~ 2.5%) partial melting of a garnet lherzolite source at the waning of the post-plateau stage, followed by stagnation and high pressure fractionation. Subsequent low pressure fractionation also occurred during ascent. Pre-shield basalts evolved by slightly greater degree of partial melting (~ 3–3.5%) and lesser fractionation. We propose that during glaciation, glacial loading favoured magma ponding, probably at the base of the crust, and that during/after deglaciation lithospheric relaxation facilitated tapping of stored, more evolved magmas. Stagnation favoured outgassing, so that low ascent and eruption rates of outgassed magma triggered a change to an effusive style. |
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Their petrogenesis involved low degree (~ 2.5%) partial melting of a garnet lherzolite source at the waning of the post-plateau stage, followed by stagnation and high pressure fractionation. Subsequent low pressure fractionation also occurred during ascent. Pre-shield basalts evolved by slightly greater degree of partial melting (~ 3–3.5%) and lesser fractionation. We propose that during glaciation, glacial loading favoured magma ponding, probably at the base of the crust, and that during/after deglaciation lithospheric relaxation facilitated tapping of stored, more evolved magmas. 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Here, we provide field, geochemical and geochronological data of Pliocene basalts and volcanoes from the north of Viedma lake (49° 20′–49° 30′ S). These basalts share the alkaline composition and enrichment in incompatible elements of post-plateau lavas, in agreement with their radiometric ages. While most post-plateau basalts were erupted through scoria cones, we found that some effusions to the west built lava shields of scutulum type. Field evidence indicates that shields formed during or soon after deglaciation, whereas scoria cones formed before ice retreat or at interglacial stages. We obtained an Ar/Ar age of 3.59 ± 0.07 Ma for a pre-shield basalt, extruded immediately before or concomitant with till deposition. Lava shield formation occurred soon after this age. The lava shield basalts are enriched in incompatible elements. Their petrogenesis involved low degree (~ 2.5%) partial melting of a garnet lherzolite source at the waning of the post-plateau stage, followed by stagnation and high pressure fractionation. Subsequent low pressure fractionation also occurred during ascent. Pre-shield basalts evolved by slightly greater degree of partial melting (~ 3–3.5%) and lesser fractionation. We propose that during glaciation, glacial loading favoured magma ponding, probably at the base of the crust, and that during/after deglaciation lithospheric relaxation facilitated tapping of stored, more evolved magmas. Stagnation favoured outgassing, so that low ascent and eruption rates of outgassed magma triggered a change to an effusive style.</description><subject>Basalt</subject><subject>Deglaciation</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Fractionation</subject><subject>Garnet</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Geophysics/Geodesy</subject><subject>Glaciation</subject><subject>High pressure</subject><subject>Interglacial periods</subject><subject>Lakes</subject><subject>Lava</subject><subject>Magma</subject><subject>Melting</subject><subject>Meltwater</subject><subject>Mineralogy</subject><subject>Petrogenesis</subject><subject>Plateaus</subject><subject>Pliocene</subject><subject>Ponding</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Sedimentology</subject><subject>Volcanoes</subject><subject>Volcanology</subject><issn>0258-8900</issn><issn>1432-0819</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kMFO3DAURa0KpA6UH-jKUrd1-2wnjtPdaASlEhIsYG29SV4yRsGe2g4CPqDfTWAqddfV05XuuU86jH2W8E0CNN8zQFXVApQUICtjxMsHtpKVVgKsbI_YClRthW0BPrKTnO9haWnTrNifzQ7DSDwOnNK8L_6ReC7PE_F-Tj6M_GbysaOwZBon7DwWH8MPPqT4wHMXk0fexUCZl8gnfESed56mPnMfeI5z2VEKnJ5KQrEOPWHgN1hwjMHjV75OI4XiA35ixwNOmc7-3lN2d3F-u7kUV9c_f23WVwJVo4qwFkBjRbo1Wlu17W0jGz3YARtjO62U6pU21EijO9oaZRqtTN_XVdVut9SDPmVfDrv7FH_PlIu7j3MKy0un6kqDrW3bLi11aHUp5pxocPvkHzA9Ownuzbc7-HaLb_fu270skD5Aef8mjtK_6f9Qr03yhLU</recordid><startdate>20210701</startdate><enddate>20210701</enddate><creator>González Guillot, Mauricio</creator><creator>Ponce, Juan Federico</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-3111</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210701</creationdate><title>Change of eruptive style during Pliocene deglaciation: from scoria cones to lava shields in southern extra-Andean Patagonia, Argentina</title><author>González Guillot, Mauricio ; Ponce, Juan Federico</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a272t-88003a4e3963382bd87173f8fa768c3222d236e7163ceb6267326dd5449bbed03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Basalt</topic><topic>Deglaciation</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Fractionation</topic><topic>Garnet</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Geophysics/Geodesy</topic><topic>Glaciation</topic><topic>High pressure</topic><topic>Interglacial periods</topic><topic>Lakes</topic><topic>Lava</topic><topic>Magma</topic><topic>Melting</topic><topic>Meltwater</topic><topic>Mineralogy</topic><topic>Petrogenesis</topic><topic>Plateaus</topic><topic>Pliocene</topic><topic>Ponding</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Sedimentology</topic><topic>Volcanoes</topic><topic>Volcanology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>González Guillot, Mauricio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ponce, Juan Federico</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Bulletin of volcanology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>González Guillot, Mauricio</au><au>Ponce, Juan Federico</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Change of eruptive style during Pliocene deglaciation: from scoria cones to lava shields in southern extra-Andean Patagonia, Argentina</atitle><jtitle>Bulletin of volcanology</jtitle><stitle>Bull Volcanol</stitle><date>2021-07-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>83</volume><issue>7</issue><artnum>46</artnum><issn>0258-8900</issn><eissn>1432-0819</eissn><abstract>Slab window basalt cycles in extra-Andean Patagonia formed in a main-plateau and a post-plateau stage, during glacial and interglacial events. Here, we provide field, geochemical and geochronological data of Pliocene basalts and volcanoes from the north of Viedma lake (49° 20′–49° 30′ S). These basalts share the alkaline composition and enrichment in incompatible elements of post-plateau lavas, in agreement with their radiometric ages. While most post-plateau basalts were erupted through scoria cones, we found that some effusions to the west built lava shields of scutulum type. Field evidence indicates that shields formed during or soon after deglaciation, whereas scoria cones formed before ice retreat or at interglacial stages. We obtained an Ar/Ar age of 3.59 ± 0.07 Ma for a pre-shield basalt, extruded immediately before or concomitant with till deposition. Lava shield formation occurred soon after this age. The lava shield basalts are enriched in incompatible elements. Their petrogenesis involved low degree (~ 2.5%) partial melting of a garnet lherzolite source at the waning of the post-plateau stage, followed by stagnation and high pressure fractionation. Subsequent low pressure fractionation also occurred during ascent. Pre-shield basalts evolved by slightly greater degree of partial melting (~ 3–3.5%) and lesser fractionation. We propose that during glaciation, glacial loading favoured magma ponding, probably at the base of the crust, and that during/after deglaciation lithospheric relaxation facilitated tapping of stored, more evolved magmas. Stagnation favoured outgassing, so that low ascent and eruption rates of outgassed magma triggered a change to an effusive style.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00445-021-01466-z</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-3111</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Basalt Deglaciation Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Fractionation Garnet Geology Geophysics/Geodesy Glaciation High pressure Interglacial periods Lakes Lava Magma Melting Meltwater Mineralogy Petrogenesis Plateaus Pliocene Ponding Research Article Sedimentology Volcanoes Volcanology |
title | Change of eruptive style during Pliocene deglaciation: from scoria cones to lava shields in southern extra-Andean Patagonia, Argentina |
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