Loading…
Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach
Indonesia is one of the largest Ni ore producers in the world and is also expected to be an important potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare‐earth elements, and platinum‐group elements). However, few studies have examined Ni laterite deposits in this country. In this study, we...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Resource geology 2021-07, Vol.71 (3), p.255-282 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273 |
|---|---|
| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273 |
| container_end_page | 282 |
| container_issue | 3 |
| container_start_page | 255 |
| container_title | Resource geology |
| container_volume | 71 |
| creator | Ito, Akane Otake, Tsubasa Maulana, Adi Sanematsu, Kenzo Sufriadin Sato, Tsutomu |
| description | Indonesia is one of the largest Ni ore producers in the world and is also expected to be an important potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare‐earth elements, and platinum‐group elements). However, few studies have examined Ni laterite deposits in this country. In this study, we investigate Ni enrichment and the potential accumulation of critical metals in four laterite profiles with varying degrees of serpentinization and weathering intensity in the Soroako and Pomalaa mining areas of Sulawesi, Indonesia. We integrate geochemical evaluation with a mass‐balance approach and mineralogical analysis to better constrain the geochemical factors influencing the mobilization of Ni during lateritization. Nickel contents in the saprolite horizon of the profiles that are strongly weathered and developed over serpentinized peridotite are higher than those that are weakly weathered and developed over unserpentinized harzburgite. The bulk Ni contents of saprolite horizons are related to Ni contents of Ni‐bearing Mg‐phyllosilicates, which suggests that Ni remobilization is the main control on Ni enrichment in the profiles. Mass‐balance calculations reveal that the amounts of gained Fe and Ni in the profiles are positively correlated. This relationship indicates that the redistribution of Ni is likely controlled by the aging of Ni‐bearing goethite (dissolution/recrystallization) involving ligand‐promoted dissolution by organic matter and/or reductive dissolution by microbial activity near the surface. Critical metals show enrichment in specific horizons. Enrichments in Co and rare‐earth elements are strongly influenced by the formation of Mn‐oxyhydroxides in the oxide zone of the profiles. In contrast, Sc, Pt, and Pd show residual enrichment patterns, with grades influenced mainly by their initial contents in bedrock. The profiles show a positive correlation between Sc and Fe, as reported for other Ni laterite deposits. Among the critical metals, Sc, Pt, and Pd contents in the studied profiles are comparable with values reported from other Ni laterite deposits worldwide.
The highest Ni enrichment was observed in the profile, where bedrock is serpentinized peridotite and the profile is highly weathered. Mineralogical and mass‐balance calculation results indicate that the amounts of gained Ni and Fe are positively correlated and a large gained amount of Fe can be an indicator of strong Ni enrichment. The dissolution of Ni‐bearing goethite by microbial a |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/rge.12266 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2536812940</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2536812940</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kEFLJDEQhZvFBXXcg_8g4EmwNUkn6bQ3EXcURGF37k11unon0p2MSYZBT5497W_0lxgdr9alHsVX78ErikNGT1mes_APTxnnSv0o9lgtWVk1XO9kXQlRMtXo3WI_xgdKpdCa7RWvc_RmiZM1MBLjXUwBrEuReEfSEsnkOzvaZ0g2H_xA7iwB1xMTbPp8mTDBGIl1ZISE-Yqkx5WPNsUT8nc9wgajPSE3rvcuKzgnF2SCGN9e_ncwgjNIYLUKHszyoPg5ZC_89bVnxeL31eLyury9n99cXtyWRlKlStkNFTSibzphdFdLUHRgnFGpql4IjRIqRjnyWg0COz1UErSqG65qbBSvq1lxtLXNqY9rjKl98OvgcmLLZaU0442gmTreUib4GAMO7SrYCcJTy2j70XSbm24_m87s2Zbd2BGfvgfbP_Or7cc7uVqBdw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2536812940</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach</title><source>Wiley-Blackwell Journals</source><creator>Ito, Akane ; Otake, Tsubasa ; Maulana, Adi ; Sanematsu, Kenzo ; Sufriadin ; Sato, Tsutomu</creator><creatorcontrib>Ito, Akane ; Otake, Tsubasa ; Maulana, Adi ; Sanematsu, Kenzo ; Sufriadin ; Sato, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><description>Indonesia is one of the largest Ni ore producers in the world and is also expected to be an important potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare‐earth elements, and platinum‐group elements). However, few studies have examined Ni laterite deposits in this country. In this study, we investigate Ni enrichment and the potential accumulation of critical metals in four laterite profiles with varying degrees of serpentinization and weathering intensity in the Soroako and Pomalaa mining areas of Sulawesi, Indonesia. We integrate geochemical evaluation with a mass‐balance approach and mineralogical analysis to better constrain the geochemical factors influencing the mobilization of Ni during lateritization. Nickel contents in the saprolite horizon of the profiles that are strongly weathered and developed over serpentinized peridotite are higher than those that are weakly weathered and developed over unserpentinized harzburgite. The bulk Ni contents of saprolite horizons are related to Ni contents of Ni‐bearing Mg‐phyllosilicates, which suggests that Ni remobilization is the main control on Ni enrichment in the profiles. Mass‐balance calculations reveal that the amounts of gained Fe and Ni in the profiles are positively correlated. This relationship indicates that the redistribution of Ni is likely controlled by the aging of Ni‐bearing goethite (dissolution/recrystallization) involving ligand‐promoted dissolution by organic matter and/or reductive dissolution by microbial activity near the surface. Critical metals show enrichment in specific horizons. Enrichments in Co and rare‐earth elements are strongly influenced by the formation of Mn‐oxyhydroxides in the oxide zone of the profiles. In contrast, Sc, Pt, and Pd show residual enrichment patterns, with grades influenced mainly by their initial contents in bedrock. The profiles show a positive correlation between Sc and Fe, as reported for other Ni laterite deposits. Among the critical metals, Sc, Pt, and Pd contents in the studied profiles are comparable with values reported from other Ni laterite deposits worldwide.
The highest Ni enrichment was observed in the profile, where bedrock is serpentinized peridotite and the profile is highly weathered. Mineralogical and mass‐balance calculation results indicate that the amounts of gained Ni and Fe are positively correlated and a large gained amount of Fe can be an indicator of strong Ni enrichment. The dissolution of Ni‐bearing goethite by microbial activity and organic matter at or near the surface may enhance the downward remobilization and significant enrichment of Ni in the laterite profile.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1344-1698</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1751-3928</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/rge.12266</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melbourne: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</publisher><subject>Ageing ; Aging ; Bedrock ; Biological activity ; critical metal ; Deposits ; Dissolution ; Dissolving ; Enrichment ; Geochemistry ; Goethite ; Heavy metals ; Indonesia ; Iron ; Laterites ; Manganese ; Mass ; mass balance calculation ; Metals ; Microbial activity ; Microorganisms ; Nickel ; nickel laterite ; Organic matter ; Palladium ; Peridotite ; Platinum ; Profiles ; Recrystallization ; Serpentinization ; supergene enrichment ; ultramafic rock ; Weathering</subject><ispartof>Resource geology, 2021-07, Vol.71 (3), p.255-282</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Society of Resource Geology.</rights><rights>2021. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9102-8265 ; 0000-0001-6406-3156 ; 0000-0002-6103-3143 ; 0000-0001-9349-0106 ; 0000-0002-3279-3696 ; 0000-0001-9596-4141</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Frge.12266$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Frge.12266$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958,50923,51032</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ito, Akane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Otake, Tsubasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maulana, Adi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanematsu, Kenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sufriadin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><title>Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach</title><title>Resource geology</title><description>Indonesia is one of the largest Ni ore producers in the world and is also expected to be an important potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare‐earth elements, and platinum‐group elements). However, few studies have examined Ni laterite deposits in this country. In this study, we investigate Ni enrichment and the potential accumulation of critical metals in four laterite profiles with varying degrees of serpentinization and weathering intensity in the Soroako and Pomalaa mining areas of Sulawesi, Indonesia. We integrate geochemical evaluation with a mass‐balance approach and mineralogical analysis to better constrain the geochemical factors influencing the mobilization of Ni during lateritization. Nickel contents in the saprolite horizon of the profiles that are strongly weathered and developed over serpentinized peridotite are higher than those that are weakly weathered and developed over unserpentinized harzburgite. The bulk Ni contents of saprolite horizons are related to Ni contents of Ni‐bearing Mg‐phyllosilicates, which suggests that Ni remobilization is the main control on Ni enrichment in the profiles. Mass‐balance calculations reveal that the amounts of gained Fe and Ni in the profiles are positively correlated. This relationship indicates that the redistribution of Ni is likely controlled by the aging of Ni‐bearing goethite (dissolution/recrystallization) involving ligand‐promoted dissolution by organic matter and/or reductive dissolution by microbial activity near the surface. Critical metals show enrichment in specific horizons. Enrichments in Co and rare‐earth elements are strongly influenced by the formation of Mn‐oxyhydroxides in the oxide zone of the profiles. In contrast, Sc, Pt, and Pd show residual enrichment patterns, with grades influenced mainly by their initial contents in bedrock. The profiles show a positive correlation between Sc and Fe, as reported for other Ni laterite deposits. Among the critical metals, Sc, Pt, and Pd contents in the studied profiles are comparable with values reported from other Ni laterite deposits worldwide.
The highest Ni enrichment was observed in the profile, where bedrock is serpentinized peridotite and the profile is highly weathered. Mineralogical and mass‐balance calculation results indicate that the amounts of gained Ni and Fe are positively correlated and a large gained amount of Fe can be an indicator of strong Ni enrichment. The dissolution of Ni‐bearing goethite by microbial activity and organic matter at or near the surface may enhance the downward remobilization and significant enrichment of Ni in the laterite profile.</description><subject>Ageing</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Bedrock</subject><subject>Biological activity</subject><subject>critical metal</subject><subject>Deposits</subject><subject>Dissolution</subject><subject>Dissolving</subject><subject>Enrichment</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Goethite</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Indonesia</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Laterites</subject><subject>Manganese</subject><subject>Mass</subject><subject>mass balance calculation</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Microbial activity</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Nickel</subject><subject>nickel laterite</subject><subject>Organic matter</subject><subject>Palladium</subject><subject>Peridotite</subject><subject>Platinum</subject><subject>Profiles</subject><subject>Recrystallization</subject><subject>Serpentinization</subject><subject>supergene enrichment</subject><subject>ultramafic rock</subject><subject>Weathering</subject><issn>1344-1698</issn><issn>1751-3928</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEFLJDEQhZvFBXXcg_8g4EmwNUkn6bQ3EXcURGF37k11unon0p2MSYZBT5497W_0lxgdr9alHsVX78ErikNGT1mes_APTxnnSv0o9lgtWVk1XO9kXQlRMtXo3WI_xgdKpdCa7RWvc_RmiZM1MBLjXUwBrEuReEfSEsnkOzvaZ0g2H_xA7iwB1xMTbPp8mTDBGIl1ZISE-Yqkx5WPNsUT8nc9wgajPSE3rvcuKzgnF2SCGN9e_ncwgjNIYLUKHszyoPg5ZC_89bVnxeL31eLyury9n99cXtyWRlKlStkNFTSibzphdFdLUHRgnFGpql4IjRIqRjnyWg0COz1UErSqG65qbBSvq1lxtLXNqY9rjKl98OvgcmLLZaU0442gmTreUib4GAMO7SrYCcJTy2j70XSbm24_m87s2Zbd2BGfvgfbP_Or7cc7uVqBdw</recordid><startdate>202107</startdate><enddate>202107</enddate><creator>Ito, Akane</creator><creator>Otake, Tsubasa</creator><creator>Maulana, Adi</creator><creator>Sanematsu, Kenzo</creator><creator>Sufriadin</creator><creator>Sato, Tsutomu</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9102-8265</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-3156</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-3143</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-0106</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3279-3696</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-4141</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202107</creationdate><title>Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach</title><author>Ito, Akane ; Otake, Tsubasa ; Maulana, Adi ; Sanematsu, Kenzo ; Sufriadin ; Sato, Tsutomu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Ageing</topic><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Bedrock</topic><topic>Biological activity</topic><topic>critical metal</topic><topic>Deposits</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>Dissolving</topic><topic>Enrichment</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Goethite</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Indonesia</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Laterites</topic><topic>Manganese</topic><topic>Mass</topic><topic>mass balance calculation</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Microbial activity</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Nickel</topic><topic>nickel laterite</topic><topic>Organic matter</topic><topic>Palladium</topic><topic>Peridotite</topic><topic>Platinum</topic><topic>Profiles</topic><topic>Recrystallization</topic><topic>Serpentinization</topic><topic>supergene enrichment</topic><topic>ultramafic rock</topic><topic>Weathering</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ito, Akane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Otake, Tsubasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maulana, Adi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanematsu, Kenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sufriadin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Titles (Open access)</collection><collection>Wiley Free Archive</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Resource geology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ito, Akane</au><au>Otake, Tsubasa</au><au>Maulana, Adi</au><au>Sanematsu, Kenzo</au><au>Sufriadin</au><au>Sato, Tsutomu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach</atitle><jtitle>Resource geology</jtitle><date>2021-07</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>71</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>255</spage><epage>282</epage><pages>255-282</pages><issn>1344-1698</issn><eissn>1751-3928</eissn><notes>Funding information</notes><notes>The copyright line for this article was changed on 03 June 2021 after original online publication.</notes><notes>Grant‐in‐Aid for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellows, Grant/Award Number: 18J11243; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number: KAKENHI (17H03502); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number: KAKENHI (19K24388)</notes><abstract>Indonesia is one of the largest Ni ore producers in the world and is also expected to be an important potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare‐earth elements, and platinum‐group elements). However, few studies have examined Ni laterite deposits in this country. In this study, we investigate Ni enrichment and the potential accumulation of critical metals in four laterite profiles with varying degrees of serpentinization and weathering intensity in the Soroako and Pomalaa mining areas of Sulawesi, Indonesia. We integrate geochemical evaluation with a mass‐balance approach and mineralogical analysis to better constrain the geochemical factors influencing the mobilization of Ni during lateritization. Nickel contents in the saprolite horizon of the profiles that are strongly weathered and developed over serpentinized peridotite are higher than those that are weakly weathered and developed over unserpentinized harzburgite. The bulk Ni contents of saprolite horizons are related to Ni contents of Ni‐bearing Mg‐phyllosilicates, which suggests that Ni remobilization is the main control on Ni enrichment in the profiles. Mass‐balance calculations reveal that the amounts of gained Fe and Ni in the profiles are positively correlated. This relationship indicates that the redistribution of Ni is likely controlled by the aging of Ni‐bearing goethite (dissolution/recrystallization) involving ligand‐promoted dissolution by organic matter and/or reductive dissolution by microbial activity near the surface. Critical metals show enrichment in specific horizons. Enrichments in Co and rare‐earth elements are strongly influenced by the formation of Mn‐oxyhydroxides in the oxide zone of the profiles. In contrast, Sc, Pt, and Pd show residual enrichment patterns, with grades influenced mainly by their initial contents in bedrock. The profiles show a positive correlation between Sc and Fe, as reported for other Ni laterite deposits. Among the critical metals, Sc, Pt, and Pd contents in the studied profiles are comparable with values reported from other Ni laterite deposits worldwide.
The highest Ni enrichment was observed in the profile, where bedrock is serpentinized peridotite and the profile is highly weathered. Mineralogical and mass‐balance calculation results indicate that the amounts of gained Ni and Fe are positively correlated and a large gained amount of Fe can be an indicator of strong Ni enrichment. The dissolution of Ni‐bearing goethite by microbial activity and organic matter at or near the surface may enhance the downward remobilization and significant enrichment of Ni in the laterite profile.</abstract><cop>Melbourne</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/rge.12266</doi><tpages>28</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9102-8265</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-3156</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-3143</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-0106</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3279-3696</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-4141</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1344-1698 |
| ispartof | Resource geology, 2021-07, Vol.71 (3), p.255-282 |
| issn | 1344-1698 1751-3928 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2536812940 |
| source | Wiley-Blackwell Journals |
| subjects | Ageing Aging Bedrock Biological activity critical metal Deposits Dissolution Dissolving Enrichment Geochemistry Goethite Heavy metals Indonesia Iron Laterites Manganese Mass mass balance calculation Metals Microbial activity Microorganisms Nickel nickel laterite Organic matter Palladium Peridotite Platinum Profiles Recrystallization Serpentinization supergene enrichment ultramafic rock Weathering |
| title | Geochemical constraints on the mobilization of Ni and critical metals in laterite deposits, Sulawesi, Indonesia: A mass‐balance approach |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-09-23T21%3A29%3A12IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Geochemical%20constraints%20on%20the%20mobilization%20of%20Ni%20and%20critical%20metals%20in%20laterite%20deposits,%20Sulawesi,%20Indonesia:%20A%20mass%E2%80%90balance%20approach&rft.jtitle=Resource%20geology&rft.au=Ito,%20Akane&rft.date=2021-07&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.epage=282&rft.pages=255-282&rft.issn=1344-1698&rft.eissn=1751-3928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/rge.12266&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2536812940%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5066-5bf3a94d9b4c8b75a60f1210563d448e5a3102e276f4eb8f35a8679267e96273%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2536812940&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |