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Associations among plasma concentrations of regorafenib and its metabolites, adverse events, and ABCG2 polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers
Purpose The association between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of regorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, remains unclear. This study assessed the trough plasma concentrations ( C trough ) of regorafenib and its N-oxide (M2) and N-oxide/desmethyl (M5) metabolites, and evaluated...
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Published in: | Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 2021-06, Vol.87 (6), p.767-777 |
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creator | Kobayashi, Kazuo Sugiyama, Erika Shinozaki, Eiji Wakatsuki, Takeru Tajima, Masataka Kidokoro, Hiyori Aoyama, Takeshi Nakano, Yasuhiro Kawakami, Kazuyoshi Hashimoto, Koki Suenaga, Mitsukuni Ichimura, Takashi Ogura, Mariko Chin, Keisho Nakayama, Izuma Ooki, Akira Takahari, Daisuke Suzuki, Wataru Yokokawa, Takashi Minowa, Yuichi Hiraoka, Tomoko Suzuki, Kenichi Sato, Hitoshi Hama, Toshihiro Yamaguchi, Kensei |
description | Purpose
The association between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of regorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, remains unclear. This study assessed the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of regorafenib and its N-oxide (M2) and N-oxide/desmethyl (M5) metabolites, and evaluated the associations among these levels, adverse events, and pharmacokinetic-related genetic polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods
The
C
trough
levels of regorafenib and its metabolites were assessed in a single-center, prospective, observational study, 7 days after the initial treatment. The correlation between those values and adverse events was then examined. In addition, the genetic polymorphisms of
ABCG2
,
SLCO1B1
, and
UGT1A9
were determined and evaluated for associations with the levels of regorafenib, M2, and M5.
Results
We analyzed 43 patients who received regorafenib 40–120 mg/day; among them, 35 patients started at 120 mg/day. With regard to bilirubin increase, the
C
trough
values of regorafenib were significantly higher in the group with grade ≥ 2 than in groups with grades 0 and 1 (
p
= 0.010). The M5
C
trough
levels were significantly associated with the severity of hypertension or rash (
p
|
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00280-021-04237-x |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2524567965</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2524567965</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c430t-3f014e322cfc568fb465685fbc20f12d5211fcca0309b77a6a551f29479752db3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc1uFDEQhC0EIpvAC3BAlrgy0P6b2TkuK0iQInGBs-Xx2BtHM_bg9ubneXhRvNkFbpxadn9V1VIR8obBBwbQfUQAvoYGOGtActE1D8_IiknBG1hL8ZysQEjZqA7kGTlHvAUAyYR4Sc6EaIUSPV-RXxvEZIMpIUWkZk5xR5fJ4GyoTdG6WPJplzzNbpey8S6GgZo40lCQzq6YIU2hOHxPzXjnMjrq7qrw8K7Q5tP2ktMlTY9zystNwBlpiHSptgeI3ody8-SCpX7ZGjul7GwxE7WmXpDxFXnhzYTu9WlekB9fPn_fXjXX3y6_bjfXjZUCSiM8MOkE59Zb1a79INs6lB8sB8_4qDhj3loDAvqh60xrlGKe97LrO8XHQVyQd0ffJaefe4dF36Z9jjVSc8Wlaru-VZXiR8rmhJid10sOs8mPmoE-9KKPvejai37qRT9U0duT9X6Y3fhX8qeICogjgHUVdy7_y_6P7W_gEZxU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2524567965</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Associations among plasma concentrations of regorafenib and its metabolites, adverse events, and ABCG2 polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers</title><source>Springer Link</source><creator>Kobayashi, Kazuo ; Sugiyama, Erika ; Shinozaki, Eiji ; Wakatsuki, Takeru ; Tajima, Masataka ; Kidokoro, Hiyori ; Aoyama, Takeshi ; Nakano, Yasuhiro ; Kawakami, Kazuyoshi ; Hashimoto, Koki ; Suenaga, Mitsukuni ; Ichimura, Takashi ; Ogura, Mariko ; Chin, Keisho ; Nakayama, Izuma ; Ooki, Akira ; Takahari, Daisuke ; Suzuki, Wataru ; Yokokawa, Takashi ; Minowa, Yuichi ; Hiraoka, Tomoko ; Suzuki, Kenichi ; Sato, Hitoshi ; Hama, Toshihiro ; Yamaguchi, Kensei</creator><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Kazuo ; Sugiyama, Erika ; Shinozaki, Eiji ; Wakatsuki, Takeru ; Tajima, Masataka ; Kidokoro, Hiyori ; Aoyama, Takeshi ; Nakano, Yasuhiro ; Kawakami, Kazuyoshi ; Hashimoto, Koki ; Suenaga, Mitsukuni ; Ichimura, Takashi ; Ogura, Mariko ; Chin, Keisho ; Nakayama, Izuma ; Ooki, Akira ; Takahari, Daisuke ; Suzuki, Wataru ; Yokokawa, Takashi ; Minowa, Yuichi ; Hiraoka, Tomoko ; Suzuki, Kenichi ; Sato, Hitoshi ; Hama, Toshihiro ; Yamaguchi, Kensei</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
The association between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of regorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, remains unclear. This study assessed the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of regorafenib and its N-oxide (M2) and N-oxide/desmethyl (M5) metabolites, and evaluated the associations among these levels, adverse events, and pharmacokinetic-related genetic polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods
The
C
trough
levels of regorafenib and its metabolites were assessed in a single-center, prospective, observational study, 7 days after the initial treatment. The correlation between those values and adverse events was then examined. In addition, the genetic polymorphisms of
ABCG2
,
SLCO1B1
, and
UGT1A9
were determined and evaluated for associations with the levels of regorafenib, M2, and M5.
Results
We analyzed 43 patients who received regorafenib 40–120 mg/day; among them, 35 patients started at 120 mg/day. With regard to bilirubin increase, the
C
trough
values of regorafenib were significantly higher in the group with grade ≥ 2 than in groups with grades 0 and 1 (
p
= 0.010). The M5
C
trough
levels were significantly associated with the severity of hypertension or rash (
p
< 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, the M5
C
trough
values and age were significant predictors of severe rash. Lastly, significant differences were noted in the M5 concentration-to-dose ratio values between the patients with
ABCG2
421A/A and
ABCG2
421C/A or C/C polymorphisms (
p
= 0.035).
Conclusion
This study showed that the
C
trough
of regorafenib was associated with bilirubin increase, and also clarified for the first time that the
C
trough
of M5 was significantly correlated with hypertension and severe rash.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0344-5704</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0843</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04237-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33635392</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Bilirubin ; Cancer ; Cancer Research ; Colorectal cancer ; Colorectal carcinoma ; Enzyme inhibitors ; Evaluation ; Exanthema ; Gene polymorphism ; Hypertension ; Kinases ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolites ; Metastases ; Metastasis ; Multivariate analysis ; Oncology ; Original Article ; Pharmacodynamics ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacology ; Pharmacology/Toxicology ; Protein-tyrosine kinase ; Targeted cancer therapy ; Tyrosine</subject><ispartof>Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 2021-06, Vol.87 (6), p.767-777</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c430t-3f014e322cfc568fb465685fbc20f12d5211fcca0309b77a6a551f29479752db3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c430t-3f014e322cfc568fb465685fbc20f12d5211fcca0309b77a6a551f29479752db3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9988-128X ; 0000-0003-2023-1300 ; 0000-0002-0767-2606 ; 0000-0002-9615-0489</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33635392$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Kazuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugiyama, Erika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinozaki, Eiji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakatsuki, Takeru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tajima, Masataka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kidokoro, Hiyori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoyama, Takeshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakano, Yasuhiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawakami, Kazuyoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hashimoto, Koki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suenaga, Mitsukuni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ichimura, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogura, Mariko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chin, Keisho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Izuma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ooki, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahari, Daisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Wataru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yokokawa, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minowa, Yuichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hiraoka, Tomoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Kenichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Hitoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hama, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamaguchi, Kensei</creatorcontrib><title>Associations among plasma concentrations of regorafenib and its metabolites, adverse events, and ABCG2 polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers</title><title>Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology</title><addtitle>Cancer Chemother Pharmacol</addtitle><addtitle>Cancer Chemother Pharmacol</addtitle><description>Purpose
The association between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of regorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, remains unclear. This study assessed the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of regorafenib and its N-oxide (M2) and N-oxide/desmethyl (M5) metabolites, and evaluated the associations among these levels, adverse events, and pharmacokinetic-related genetic polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods
The
C
trough
levels of regorafenib and its metabolites were assessed in a single-center, prospective, observational study, 7 days after the initial treatment. The correlation between those values and adverse events was then examined. In addition, the genetic polymorphisms of
ABCG2
,
SLCO1B1
, and
UGT1A9
were determined and evaluated for associations with the levels of regorafenib, M2, and M5.
Results
We analyzed 43 patients who received regorafenib 40–120 mg/day; among them, 35 patients started at 120 mg/day. With regard to bilirubin increase, the
C
trough
values of regorafenib were significantly higher in the group with grade ≥ 2 than in groups with grades 0 and 1 (
p
= 0.010). The M5
C
trough
levels were significantly associated with the severity of hypertension or rash (
p
< 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, the M5
C
trough
values and age were significant predictors of severe rash. Lastly, significant differences were noted in the M5 concentration-to-dose ratio values between the patients with
ABCG2
421A/A and
ABCG2
421C/A or C/C polymorphisms (
p
= 0.035).
Conclusion
This study showed that the
C
trough
of regorafenib was associated with bilirubin increase, and also clarified for the first time that the
C
trough
of M5 was significantly correlated with hypertension and severe rash.</description><subject>Bilirubin</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer Research</subject><subject>Colorectal cancer</subject><subject>Colorectal carcinoma</subject><subject>Enzyme inhibitors</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Exanthema</subject><subject>Gene polymorphism</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pharmacodynamics</subject><subject>Pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Pharmacology</subject><subject>Pharmacology/Toxicology</subject><subject>Protein-tyrosine kinase</subject><subject>Targeted cancer therapy</subject><subject>Tyrosine</subject><issn>0344-5704</issn><issn>1432-0843</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1uFDEQhC0EIpvAC3BAlrgy0P6b2TkuK0iQInGBs-Xx2BtHM_bg9ubneXhRvNkFbpxadn9V1VIR8obBBwbQfUQAvoYGOGtActE1D8_IiknBG1hL8ZysQEjZqA7kGTlHvAUAyYR4Sc6EaIUSPV-RXxvEZIMpIUWkZk5xR5fJ4GyoTdG6WPJplzzNbpey8S6GgZo40lCQzq6YIU2hOHxPzXjnMjrq7qrw8K7Q5tP2ktMlTY9zystNwBlpiHSptgeI3ody8-SCpX7ZGjul7GwxE7WmXpDxFXnhzYTu9WlekB9fPn_fXjXX3y6_bjfXjZUCSiM8MOkE59Zb1a79INs6lB8sB8_4qDhj3loDAvqh60xrlGKe97LrO8XHQVyQd0ffJaefe4dF36Z9jjVSc8Wlaru-VZXiR8rmhJid10sOs8mPmoE-9KKPvejai37qRT9U0duT9X6Y3fhX8qeICogjgHUVdy7_y_6P7W_gEZxU</recordid><startdate>20210601</startdate><enddate>20210601</enddate><creator>Kobayashi, Kazuo</creator><creator>Sugiyama, Erika</creator><creator>Shinozaki, Eiji</creator><creator>Wakatsuki, Takeru</creator><creator>Tajima, Masataka</creator><creator>Kidokoro, Hiyori</creator><creator>Aoyama, Takeshi</creator><creator>Nakano, Yasuhiro</creator><creator>Kawakami, Kazuyoshi</creator><creator>Hashimoto, Koki</creator><creator>Suenaga, Mitsukuni</creator><creator>Ichimura, Takashi</creator><creator>Ogura, Mariko</creator><creator>Chin, Keisho</creator><creator>Nakayama, Izuma</creator><creator>Ooki, Akira</creator><creator>Takahari, Daisuke</creator><creator>Suzuki, Wataru</creator><creator>Yokokawa, Takashi</creator><creator>Minowa, Yuichi</creator><creator>Hiraoka, Tomoko</creator><creator>Suzuki, Kenichi</creator><creator>Sato, Hitoshi</creator><creator>Hama, Toshihiro</creator><creator>Yamaguchi, Kensei</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9988-128X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2023-1300</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-2606</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9615-0489</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210601</creationdate><title>Associations among plasma concentrations of regorafenib and its metabolites, adverse events, and ABCG2 polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers</title><author>Kobayashi, Kazuo ; Sugiyama, Erika ; Shinozaki, Eiji ; Wakatsuki, Takeru ; Tajima, Masataka ; Kidokoro, Hiyori ; Aoyama, Takeshi ; Nakano, Yasuhiro ; Kawakami, Kazuyoshi ; Hashimoto, Koki ; Suenaga, Mitsukuni ; Ichimura, Takashi ; Ogura, Mariko ; Chin, Keisho ; Nakayama, Izuma ; Ooki, Akira ; Takahari, Daisuke ; Suzuki, Wataru ; Yokokawa, Takashi ; Minowa, Yuichi ; Hiraoka, Tomoko ; Suzuki, Kenichi ; Sato, Hitoshi ; Hama, Toshihiro ; Yamaguchi, Kensei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c430t-3f014e322cfc568fb465685fbc20f12d5211fcca0309b77a6a551f29479752db3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Bilirubin</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cancer Research</topic><topic>Colorectal cancer</topic><topic>Colorectal carcinoma</topic><topic>Enzyme inhibitors</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Exanthema</topic><topic>Gene polymorphism</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metastases</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Pharmacodynamics</topic><topic>Pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Pharmacology</topic><topic>Pharmacology/Toxicology</topic><topic>Protein-tyrosine kinase</topic><topic>Targeted cancer therapy</topic><topic>Tyrosine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Kazuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugiyama, Erika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinozaki, Eiji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakatsuki, Takeru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tajima, Masataka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kidokoro, Hiyori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoyama, Takeshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakano, Yasuhiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawakami, Kazuyoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hashimoto, Koki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suenaga, Mitsukuni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ichimura, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogura, Mariko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chin, Keisho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Izuma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ooki, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahari, Daisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Wataru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yokokawa, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minowa, Yuichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hiraoka, Tomoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Kenichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Hitoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hama, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamaguchi, Kensei</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Proquest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kobayashi, Kazuo</au><au>Sugiyama, Erika</au><au>Shinozaki, Eiji</au><au>Wakatsuki, Takeru</au><au>Tajima, Masataka</au><au>Kidokoro, Hiyori</au><au>Aoyama, Takeshi</au><au>Nakano, Yasuhiro</au><au>Kawakami, Kazuyoshi</au><au>Hashimoto, Koki</au><au>Suenaga, Mitsukuni</au><au>Ichimura, Takashi</au><au>Ogura, Mariko</au><au>Chin, Keisho</au><au>Nakayama, Izuma</au><au>Ooki, Akira</au><au>Takahari, Daisuke</au><au>Suzuki, Wataru</au><au>Yokokawa, Takashi</au><au>Minowa, Yuichi</au><au>Hiraoka, Tomoko</au><au>Suzuki, Kenichi</au><au>Sato, Hitoshi</au><au>Hama, Toshihiro</au><au>Yamaguchi, Kensei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Associations among plasma concentrations of regorafenib and its metabolites, adverse events, and ABCG2 polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers</atitle><jtitle>Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology</jtitle><stitle>Cancer Chemother Pharmacol</stitle><addtitle>Cancer Chemother Pharmacol</addtitle><date>2021-06-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>87</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>767</spage><epage>777</epage><pages>767-777</pages><issn>0344-5704</issn><eissn>1432-0843</eissn><abstract>Purpose
The association between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of regorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, remains unclear. This study assessed the trough plasma concentrations (
C
trough
) of regorafenib and its N-oxide (M2) and N-oxide/desmethyl (M5) metabolites, and evaluated the associations among these levels, adverse events, and pharmacokinetic-related genetic polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods
The
C
trough
levels of regorafenib and its metabolites were assessed in a single-center, prospective, observational study, 7 days after the initial treatment. The correlation between those values and adverse events was then examined. In addition, the genetic polymorphisms of
ABCG2
,
SLCO1B1
, and
UGT1A9
were determined and evaluated for associations with the levels of regorafenib, M2, and M5.
Results
We analyzed 43 patients who received regorafenib 40–120 mg/day; among them, 35 patients started at 120 mg/day. With regard to bilirubin increase, the
C
trough
values of regorafenib were significantly higher in the group with grade ≥ 2 than in groups with grades 0 and 1 (
p
= 0.010). The M5
C
trough
levels were significantly associated with the severity of hypertension or rash (
p
< 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, the M5
C
trough
values and age were significant predictors of severe rash. Lastly, significant differences were noted in the M5 concentration-to-dose ratio values between the patients with
ABCG2
421A/A and
ABCG2
421C/A or C/C polymorphisms (
p
= 0.035).
Conclusion
This study showed that the
C
trough
of regorafenib was associated with bilirubin increase, and also clarified for the first time that the
C
trough
of M5 was significantly correlated with hypertension and severe rash.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>33635392</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00280-021-04237-x</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9988-128X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2023-1300</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-2606</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9615-0489</orcidid></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0344-5704 |
ispartof | Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 2021-06, Vol.87 (6), p.767-777 |
issn | 0344-5704 1432-0843 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2524567965 |
source | Springer Link |
subjects | Bilirubin Cancer Cancer Research Colorectal cancer Colorectal carcinoma Enzyme inhibitors Evaluation Exanthema Gene polymorphism Hypertension Kinases Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolites Metastases Metastasis Multivariate analysis Oncology Original Article Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology Pharmacology/Toxicology Protein-tyrosine kinase Targeted cancer therapy Tyrosine |
title | Associations among plasma concentrations of regorafenib and its metabolites, adverse events, and ABCG2 polymorphisms in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers |
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