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Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province, China
Intercropping, as an overyielding system, can decrease soil erosion on sloping land through the presence of dense canopy covers. However, the structure mechanism in canopy is still unclear. We conducted a two-year field experiment on runoff plots, exploring whether the interaction between vegetation...
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| Published in: | Journal of mountain science 2020-02, Vol.17 (2), p.423-434 |
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| creator | Zhang, Xiao-yun Wu, Kai-xian Fullen, Michael A. Wu, Bo-zhi |
| description | Intercropping, as an overyielding system, can decrease soil erosion on sloping land through the presence of dense canopy covers. However, the structure mechanism in canopy is still unclear. We conducted a two-year field experiment on runoff plots, exploring whether the interaction between vegetation layers reduce soil erosion in maize and potato intercropping systems. The maize, potato, and weed layers in the intercropping system were removed by a single layer, two layers and three layers, respectively (total of 8 treatments including all layers removed as the control). Then, throughfall, runoff and sediment were measured at the plot and row scale on a weekly basis. Based on the difference between each treatment and the control, we calculated and found a relative reduction of runoff and sediment by any combination of the two vegetation layers greater than the sum of each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 15.65% and 46.73%, respectively. Sediment loss decreased by 33.96% and 42.77%, respectively. Moreover, runoff and sediment reduced by the combination of all vegetation layers (no layers removed) was also larger than the sum of that by each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 7.32% and 3.48%, respectively. So, there were synergistic effects among multi-level (two or three layers) vegetation layers in terms of decreasing soil erosion on sloping land. Maize redistributes more throughfall at the maize intra-specific row and the maize and potato inter-specific, which is favorable for the synergistic effect of reducing soil erosion. This finding shows an important mechanism of maize and potato intercropping for soil and water conservation, and may promote the application of diverse cropping systems for sustainable agriculture in mountainous areas. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11629-019-5392-0 |
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However, the structure mechanism in canopy is still unclear. We conducted a two-year field experiment on runoff plots, exploring whether the interaction between vegetation layers reduce soil erosion in maize and potato intercropping systems. The maize, potato, and weed layers in the intercropping system were removed by a single layer, two layers and three layers, respectively (total of 8 treatments including all layers removed as the control). Then, throughfall, runoff and sediment were measured at the plot and row scale on a weekly basis. Based on the difference between each treatment and the control, we calculated and found a relative reduction of runoff and sediment by any combination of the two vegetation layers greater than the sum of each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 15.65% and 46.73%, respectively. Sediment loss decreased by 33.96% and 42.77%, respectively. Moreover, runoff and sediment reduced by the combination of all vegetation layers (no layers removed) was also larger than the sum of that by each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 7.32% and 3.48%, respectively. So, there were synergistic effects among multi-level (two or three layers) vegetation layers in terms of decreasing soil erosion on sloping land. Maize redistributes more throughfall at the maize intra-specific row and the maize and potato inter-specific, which is favorable for the synergistic effect of reducing soil erosion. This finding shows an important mechanism of maize and potato intercropping for soil and water conservation, and may promote the application of diverse cropping systems for sustainable agriculture in mountainous areas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1672-6316</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1993-0321</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1008-2786</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11629-019-5392-0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Science Press</publisher><subject>Agricultural practices ; Canopies ; Canopy ; Corn ; Cropping systems ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology ; Environment ; Geography ; Intercropping ; Mountainous areas ; Potatoes ; Reduction ; Runoff ; Sediment ; Sediments ; Soil conservation ; Soil erosion ; Soil layers ; Soil water ; Soils ; Sustainable agriculture ; Synergistic effect ; Throughfall ; Vegetation ; Water conservation</subject><ispartof>Journal of mountain science, 2020-02, Vol.17 (2), p.423-434</ispartof><rights>Science Press, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>2020© Science Press, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-9a93c9703964c751d1322ca3d3c665d263401ebf34743d7b612f5afb6467f6b13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-9a93c9703964c751d1322ca3d3c665d263401ebf34743d7b612f5afb6467f6b13</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3072-9233 ; 0000-0001-5410-9384 ; 0000-0003-1308-9748 ; 0000-0002-6644-0944</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xiao-yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Kai-xian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fullen, Michael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Bo-zhi</creatorcontrib><title>Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province, China</title><title>Journal of mountain science</title><addtitle>J. Mt. Sci</addtitle><description>Intercropping, as an overyielding system, can decrease soil erosion on sloping land through the presence of dense canopy covers. However, the structure mechanism in canopy is still unclear. We conducted a two-year field experiment on runoff plots, exploring whether the interaction between vegetation layers reduce soil erosion in maize and potato intercropping systems. The maize, potato, and weed layers in the intercropping system were removed by a single layer, two layers and three layers, respectively (total of 8 treatments including all layers removed as the control). Then, throughfall, runoff and sediment were measured at the plot and row scale on a weekly basis. Based on the difference between each treatment and the control, we calculated and found a relative reduction of runoff and sediment by any combination of the two vegetation layers greater than the sum of each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 15.65% and 46.73%, respectively. Sediment loss decreased by 33.96% and 42.77%, respectively. Moreover, runoff and sediment reduced by the combination of all vegetation layers (no layers removed) was also larger than the sum of that by each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 7.32% and 3.48%, respectively. So, there were synergistic effects among multi-level (two or three layers) vegetation layers in terms of decreasing soil erosion on sloping land. Maize redistributes more throughfall at the maize intra-specific row and the maize and potato inter-specific, which is favorable for the synergistic effect of reducing soil erosion. This finding shows an important mechanism of maize and potato intercropping for soil and water conservation, and may promote the application of diverse cropping systems for sustainable agriculture in mountainous areas.</description><subject>Agricultural practices</subject><subject>Canopies</subject><subject>Canopy</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Cropping systems</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Intercropping</subject><subject>Mountainous areas</subject><subject>Potatoes</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Sediment</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Soil conservation</subject><subject>Soil erosion</subject><subject>Soil layers</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Sustainable agriculture</subject><subject>Synergistic effect</subject><subject>Throughfall</subject><subject>Vegetation</subject><subject>Water conservation</subject><issn>1672-6316</issn><issn>1993-0321</issn><issn>1008-2786</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kEtLAzEUhYMoWKs_wF3AraN5zCTNUoovKCioC1chk0nGlGkyJtNCXfvDzbSCK1dJ7jnfueQAcI7RFUaIXyeMGREFwqKoqCAFOgATLAQtECX4MN8ZJwWjmB2Dk5SWCDEuZngCvl-23sTWpcFpaKw1ekgwWLgxrRnU4IKHndqauBuulPsyUPkG9iGLATo_mKhj6HvnW5i9KbgOmhjSCI7vLuykboSch-9r75WHzzFsnNfmEs4_nFen4MiqLpmz33MK3u5uX-cPxeLp_nF-syg0rcRQCCWoFhxRwUrNK9xgSohWtKGasaohjJYIm9rSkpe04TXDxFbK1qxk3LIa0ym42Of2MXyuTRrkMqyjzysloeUsB1SCZxfeu_LHUorGyj66lYpbiZEcy5b7smUuW45lS5QZsmdS9vrWxL_k_6EfH0SDQw</recordid><startdate>20200201</startdate><enddate>20200201</enddate><creator>Zhang, Xiao-yun</creator><creator>Wu, Kai-xian</creator><creator>Fullen, Michael A.</creator><creator>Wu, Bo-zhi</creator><general>Science Press</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3072-9233</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5410-9384</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-9748</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6644-0944</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200201</creationdate><title>Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province, China</title><author>Zhang, Xiao-yun ; Wu, Kai-xian ; Fullen, Michael A. ; Wu, Bo-zhi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-9a93c9703964c751d1322ca3d3c665d263401ebf34743d7b612f5afb6467f6b13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Agricultural practices</topic><topic>Canopies</topic><topic>Canopy</topic><topic>Corn</topic><topic>Cropping systems</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Geography</topic><topic>Intercropping</topic><topic>Mountainous areas</topic><topic>Potatoes</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Runoff</topic><topic>Sediment</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>Soil conservation</topic><topic>Soil erosion</topic><topic>Soil layers</topic><topic>Soil water</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Sustainable agriculture</topic><topic>Synergistic effect</topic><topic>Throughfall</topic><topic>Vegetation</topic><topic>Water conservation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xiao-yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Kai-xian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fullen, Michael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Bo-zhi</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of mountain science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Xiao-yun</au><au>Wu, Kai-xian</au><au>Fullen, Michael A.</au><au>Wu, Bo-zhi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province, China</atitle><jtitle>Journal of mountain science</jtitle><stitle>J. Mt. Sci</stitle><date>2020-02-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>423</spage><epage>434</epage><pages>423-434</pages><issn>1672-6316</issn><eissn>1993-0321</eissn><eissn>1008-2786</eissn><abstract>Intercropping, as an overyielding system, can decrease soil erosion on sloping land through the presence of dense canopy covers. However, the structure mechanism in canopy is still unclear. We conducted a two-year field experiment on runoff plots, exploring whether the interaction between vegetation layers reduce soil erosion in maize and potato intercropping systems. The maize, potato, and weed layers in the intercropping system were removed by a single layer, two layers and three layers, respectively (total of 8 treatments including all layers removed as the control). Then, throughfall, runoff and sediment were measured at the plot and row scale on a weekly basis. Based on the difference between each treatment and the control, we calculated and found a relative reduction of runoff and sediment by any combination of the two vegetation layers greater than the sum of each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 15.65% and 46.73%, respectively. Sediment loss decreased by 33.96% and 42.77%, respectively. Moreover, runoff and sediment reduced by the combination of all vegetation layers (no layers removed) was also larger than the sum of that by each single layer. In 2016 and 2017, the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 7.32% and 3.48%, respectively. So, there were synergistic effects among multi-level (two or three layers) vegetation layers in terms of decreasing soil erosion on sloping land. Maize redistributes more throughfall at the maize intra-specific row and the maize and potato inter-specific, which is favorable for the synergistic effect of reducing soil erosion. 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| subjects | Agricultural practices Canopies Canopy Corn Cropping systems Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Ecology Environment Geography Intercropping Mountainous areas Potatoes Reduction Runoff Sediment Sediments Soil conservation Soil erosion Soil layers Soil water Soils Sustainable agriculture Synergistic effect Throughfall Vegetation Water conservation |
| title | Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province, China |
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