Sulfonated lignin-derived ordered mesoporous carbon with highly selective and recyclable catalysis for the conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

[Display omitted] •Sulfonic acid-functionalized well-ordered lignin-derived mesoporous carbon (LDMC-SO3H) was synthesized successfully.•LDMC-SO3H showed superior catalytic activity in fructose dehydration to 5-HMF..•LDMC-SO3H possessed superior reusability and stability in terms of 5-HMF yield durin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied catalysis. A, General General, 2019-03, Vol.574, p.132-143
Main Authors: Gan, Linhuo, Lyu, Li, Shen, Tianruo, Wang, Shuai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Carbon
Catalysis
Catalysts
Conversion
Fructose
Green chemistry
Hydroxymethylfurfural
Kinetics
Kinetics analysis
Kraft lignin
Lignin
Mesoporous carbon
Reaction kinetics
Selectivity
Self-assembly
Solid acid catalyst
Sulfonic acid
Synergistic effect
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Sulfonic acid-functionalized well-ordered lignin-derived mesoporous carbon (LDMC-SO3H) was synthesized successfully.•LDMC-SO3H showed superior catalytic activity in fructose dehydration to 5-HMF..•LDMC-SO3H possessed superior reusability and stability in terms of 5-HMF yield during six cycle runs.•Well-ordered mesostructure and suitable hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance of the surfaces of LDMC-SO3H might play vital roles. Sulfonic acid-functionalized lignin-derived mesoporous carbon (LDM C-S O3H) was prepared using phenolation and evaporation induced self-assembly method followed by sulfonation. The obtained LDM C-S O3H bearing sulfonic acid density of 0.6528 mmol/g possessed a well-ordered two-dimensional hexagonal mesoporous characteristics. A 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) yield of 98.0% with a full fructose conversion was obtained using LDM C-S O3H as catalyst at 140 °C for 2 h in DMSO. Reactive kinetics studies revealed that fructose conversion in DMSO without catalyst or catalyzed by LDMC-SO3H may obey pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the activation energy of latter (72 kJ/mol) was much lower than that of former (114 kJ/mol). Adsorption kinetics studies indicated that almost no 5-HMF adsorbed onto LDM C-S O3H probably had a great contribution to the high selectivity of up to 98.0%, while the fructose adsorption on LDM C-S O3H was a diffusion-controlling adsorption process with more following Bangham kinetic model and Weber-Morris kinetic model owing to the characteristics of ordered mesostructure of LDM C-S O3H. Moreover, LDM C-S O3H exhibited superior reusability and stability in catalytic performance with a 5-HMF yield higher than 88.0% in six runs probably due to the synergistic effect of mesopore structure with a special surface and -SO3H groups with a relatively high content. These research results will contribute to a better understanding of structure-performance relationship of LDM C-S O3H used as an efficient catalyst in the fructose-to-5-HMF transformation as well as the high-value utilization of lignin in the field of catalysis.
ISSN:0926-860X
1873-3875
DOI:10.1016/j.apcata.2019.02.008