Development and validation of a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator for a small-scale organic Rankine cycle

To improve the energy efficiency of internal combustion engines, this study develops a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator (FPE-LG) for a small scale organic Rankine cycle (ORC) in a waste heat recovery system. The prototype can operate continuously and stably, thereby indicating tha...

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Published in:Energy (Oxford) 2018-10, Vol.161, p.809-820
Main Authors: Tian, Yaming, Zhang, Hongguang, Li, Jian, Hou, Xiaochen, Zhao, Tenglong, Yang, Fubin, Xu, Yonghong, Wang, Xin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cylinders
Energy efficiency
Engine valves
Exhaust
Free piston expander–linear generator
Generators
Heat recovery
Heat recovery systems
Internal combustion engines
Load resistance
Organic Rankine cycle
Output performance
Pressure
Prototype test
Prototypes
Rankine cycle
Velocity
Waste heat recovery
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c334t-6ac3afe02ef73b19292e74f36309b92e4bc027ea22c4962e456a2024004195623
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c334t-6ac3afe02ef73b19292e74f36309b92e4bc027ea22c4962e456a2024004195623
container_end_page 820
container_issue
container_start_page 809
container_title Energy (Oxford)
container_volume 161
creator Tian, Yaming
Zhang, Hongguang
Li, Jian
Hou, Xiaochen
Zhao, Tenglong
Yang, Fubin
Xu, Yonghong
Wang, Xin
description To improve the energy efficiency of internal combustion engines, this study develops a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator (FPE-LG) for a small scale organic Rankine cycle (ORC) in a waste heat recovery system. The prototype can operate continuously and stably, thereby indicating that the single-piston FPE-LG has a feasible working principle. The operation characteristics of FPE-LG are revealed, and the effects of the intake valve opening time (IVOT) and the exhaust valve opening time (EVOT) on the output performance are investigated. The experimental results reveal that the piston can run at a relatively high velocity near the dead centers, and peak acceleration is typically achieved when the piston arrives at the operation left/right dead centers (OLDC/ORDC). The piston stroke length is decreased significantly as the operating frequency is increased. The peak power output, peak in-cylinder pressure, peak velocity of the free piston, and utilization ratio of the piston stroke (η) are increased as the external load resistance is increased. In addition, η increases with longer IVOT and can reach up to 67.4% when the IVOT is 40 ms. The exhaust pressure decreases as the EVOT is increased, and the power output can be improved by regulating the IVOT rather than the EVOT. •A novel test rig of single-piston free piston expander-linear generator prototype is developed.•Performances and working principles of the single-piston FPE-LG are presented.•The concept of the utilization ratio of piston stroke length (η) is proposed.•Effects of intake/exhaust valve opening time on the FPE-LG performance are investigated.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.192
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The exhaust pressure decreases as the EVOT is increased, and the power output can be improved by regulating the IVOT rather than the EVOT. •A novel test rig of single-piston free piston expander-linear generator prototype is developed.•Performances and working principles of the single-piston FPE-LG are presented.•The concept of the utilization ratio of piston stroke length (η) is proposed.•Effects of intake/exhaust valve opening time on the FPE-LG performance are investigated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0360-5442</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6785</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.192</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Cylinders ; Energy efficiency ; Engine valves ; Exhaust ; Free piston expander–linear generator ; Generators ; Heat recovery ; Heat recovery systems ; Internal combustion engines ; Load resistance ; Organic Rankine cycle ; Output performance ; Pressure ; Prototype test ; Prototypes ; Rankine cycle ; Velocity ; Waste heat recovery</subject><ispartof>Energy (Oxford), 2018-10, Vol.161, p.809-820</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Oct 15, 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c334t-6ac3afe02ef73b19292e74f36309b92e4bc027ea22c4962e456a2024004195623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c334t-6ac3afe02ef73b19292e74f36309b92e4bc027ea22c4962e456a2024004195623</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tian, Yaming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Hongguang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hou, Xiaochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Tenglong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Fubin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Yonghong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xin</creatorcontrib><title>Development and validation of a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator for a small-scale organic Rankine cycle</title><title>Energy (Oxford)</title><description>To improve the energy efficiency of internal combustion engines, this study develops a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator (FPE-LG) for a small scale organic Rankine cycle (ORC) in a waste heat recovery system. 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source ScienceDirect Freedom Collection
subjects Cylinders
Energy efficiency
Engine valves
Exhaust
Free piston expander–linear generator
Generators
Heat recovery
Heat recovery systems
Internal combustion engines
Load resistance
Organic Rankine cycle
Output performance
Pressure
Prototype test
Prototypes
Rankine cycle
Velocity
Waste heat recovery
title Development and validation of a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator for a small-scale organic Rankine cycle
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